更多优质自考资料尽在百度贴吧自考乐园俱乐部
（http://tieba.http://www.wodefanwen.com//club/5346389）欢迎?加入...欢迎?交流...止不住的惊喜等着你......... I’ll telephone you the instant I know.我一知道就立即给你打电话。 Every time I catch a cold, my nose runs.每次我感冒都流鼻涕。 ? 时间状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。例如：
You will get to know when you grow up. 你长大后就会了解。 2） 地点状语从句
地点状语从句常由where（哪里），wherever（无论什么地方）引导。 Sit wherever you like. 想坐哪里就坐哪里。
You have the right to live where you want.你有权住在你想住的地方。 3） 原因状语从句
原因状语从句通常由下列词引导：because（因为），as（由于），since（既然，由于），now that（既然），not that…but that（不是因为…而是因为）。例如： She was late because her watch stopped. 她迟到是因为她的表停了。
As the weather was fine, we decided to climb the mountain. 因为天气很好，我们决定爬山。 Since he is busy, I won’t trouble him. 既然他很忙，我就不打扰他了。
He felt a bit worried, not that his students were not working hard, but that they cared little for their health. 他有些担心，不是因为他的学生不努力学习，而是因为他们不太注意身体健康。
4） 目的状语从句
目的状语从句通常由下列词引导： so that（为了，以便），in order that（为了，以便），lest（以免，以防）。 Let’s take the front seats so that we can see more clearly. 我们坐前排吧，这样可以看得清楚一些。 We sent the letter by air mail in order that it might reach them in time. 这封信我们航空邮寄，以便他们能及时收到。 We must hurry off lest we should miss the bus.我们得赶快走了，以免赶不上汽车。 【特别提醒】 由lest引导的目的状语从句要使用虚拟语气，由should＋动词原形构成。
5） 结果状语从句
结果状语从句通常由下列词引导： so…that（如此…以至），such…that（如此…以至）。 The problem is so difficult that it will take us time to work it out. 这道题如此难以至于我们要用很多时间才能解决。
She is such a kind girl that everyone likes her. 她非常善良，以至于每个人都喜欢她。 6） 条件状语从句
条件状语从句通常由下列词引导：if（如果），unless（除非），suppose (supposing)（假设），provided (that)（假若），providing (that)（假若），on condition (that)（如果），as (so) long as（只要）。
If you want to succeed, you’d better work hard. 如果你想成功，最好努力工作。 I’ll come unless it rains. 除非下雨，否则我一定来。
You can borrow the book as long as you promise to keep it clean. 只要你保证不弄脏，你就可以借书。
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（http://tieba.http://www.wodefanwen.com//club/5346389）欢迎?加入...欢迎?交流...止不住的惊喜等着你......... 【特别提醒】 条件状语从句中用一般现在时表将来。例如： If he has the book, he will lend it to you. 如果他有这本书，他将会借给你的。
7） 比较状语从句
比较状语从句通常由下列词引导：as…as（像…一样），than（比），the…the…（愈…愈），as…so…（正如…那样）。
He works as fast as a skilled worker does. 他干得像熟练工人一样快。
The sooner you reach the target, the higher score you have. 你愈快触到目标，得的分愈高。 The work was finished earlier than we expected. 工作完成得比我们预计的要早。 8） 方式状语从句
方式状语从句通常由下列词引导：as（像，如同），as if (though)（似乎）。 State the facts as they are. 如实地陈述事实。
It looks as if it’s going to rain. 看起来好像要下雨了。
She closed her eyes as though she was sleeping. 她闭上眼睛似乎在睡觉。 9） 让步状语从句
让步状语从句通常由下列词引导：although (though)（虽然），as（尽管），even if (even though)（即使），no matter (how, what, where, when)（不管（怎样、什么、哪里、何时）），whether…or（不管）。
Although he is poor, he is honest. 他虽然穷，但是诚实。
Even if our car can go 100 miles an hour, we can’t get there by ten. 即使我们的汽车每小时能跑100英里，10点以前我们还是到不了那里。
Whatever you say she never listens. 不管你说什么，她都不听。 【强化练习】（一）
判断下列各句的状语及性质：
1) Read as much as you can in the new language.
2) Language learning research shows that successful language learners are similar in many
ways.
3) Instead of waiting for the teacher to explain, they try to find the patterns and the rules for
themselves.
4) When they guess wrong, they guess again.
5) We now have such fast ways of traveling that this big ocean seems to have grown smaller. 6) Traditionally, all the members of an extended family lived in the same area.
7) In order to transmit an event such as the Olympics via satellite, television signals are first
changed into radio waves.
8) Eager buyers bought all but 50 of the items in one weekend, leaving the family $442 richer. 9) Garage sales have become suburban social events, drawing people of all ages. 10) To define a word, the dictionary editor places the cards before him. 【强化练习】（二）
判断下列各句的句子成分
1) For them, learning a language is a very difficult task.
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（http://tieba.http://www.wodefanwen.com//club/5346389）欢迎?加入...欢迎?交流...止不住的惊喜等着你......... 2) Learn as a child would learn.
3) When the sorting is completed, there will be for each word anywhere from two or three to several hundred quotations, each on its card.
4) As the editors read, they copy on cards every interesting or rare word.
5) Three reasons why we are unwilling to discuss insurance can be suggested. 6) Insurance also reminds us that we live in an unsafe world.
7) Kids who have no idea what being polite means will pay the price sooner or later.
8) Between 1982 and 1986, the amount of television time allocated each week to violent programs increased significantly.
9) Children naturally often want the toys shown on and advertised during these programs.
10) If your child appears to be crazy about war play and weapons, it would be a good idea to control his viewing. 【特别提醒】 阅读时，看懂文章的关键是清楚句子的结构。当句子的结构清楚了，就会比较容易地理解句子在各个层次上的意义。在各句子成分中，谓语的作用最重要。判断出哪个是谓语动词后，无论是主句还是从句的结构就都会比较清楚。 【练习解析】（一）
1) 本句状语为比较状语从句as much as you can in the new language，本句译文：“用新语言尽
可能地多读。”
2) 本句状语为介词短语in many ways，本句译文：“语言学习研究表明，成功的语言学习者
在很多方面类似。”
3) 本句状语为介词短语instead of waiting for the teacher to explain，本句译文：“不等老师解释，
他们自己试着寻找规则。”
4) 本句状语为时间状语从句when they guess wrong本句译文：“他们猜错的时候，就再猜一
遍。”
5) 本句状语为结果状语从句such … that this big ocean seems to have grown smaller，本句译文：
“我们现在有着如此快捷的旅行方式以至于这么大的海洋看起来好像已经变小了。” 6) 本句状语为副词traditionally和介词短语in the same area，本句译文：“根据传统，大家庭
中的所有成员都住在同一地区。”
7) 本句状语为动词不定式短语in order to transmit an event such as the Olympics via satellite做
目的状语，本句译文：“为了通过卫星转播像奥运会这样的事件，电视信号先被转换成无线电波。”
8) 本句状语为现在分词短语leaving the family $442 richer做结果状语，本句译文：“热心的买
主一个周末买走了几乎所有的东西，只剩下50件，使这家人多了442美元的收入。” 9) 本句状语为现在分词短语drawing people of all ages做伴随状语，本句译文：“车库展卖已
经成为郊区的一种社交活动，吸引着各种年龄层次的人。”
10) 本句状语为动词不定式短语to define a word做目的状语和介词短语before him，本句译文：
“为了给一个单词下定义，字典的编辑把很多卡片放到面前。”
（二）划分句子成分时我们将采用如下符号：主语 ，谓语 ，宾语 ，定语（），状语[ ]，表语和宾语补足语< >。
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（http://tieba.http://www.wodefanwen.com//club/5346389）欢迎?加入...欢迎?交流...止不住的惊喜等着你......... 1) [For them], learning a language is . 2) Learn [as a child would learn] 3) We must also wonder whether seeing violence on television or reading about it in the newspapers every day makes us tolerate crime more than we should.（在宾语从句中的句子成分：seeing violence on television or reading about it in the newspapers every day makes us
4) [As the editors read], they copy [on cards]（every interesting or rare）word. 5) (Three) reasons (why we are unwilling to discuss insurance) can be suggested. 6) Insurance also reminds us that we live in an unsafe world.
7) Kids (who have no idea what being polite means) will pay the price [sooner or later]. 8) [Between 1982 and 1986], the amount of television time (allocated each week to violent programs) increased [significantly]. 9) Children [naturally] [often] want the toys (shown on and advertised during these programs). 10) [If your child appears to be crazy about war play and weapons], it would be to control his viewing. （it为形式主语，to control his viewing为真正的主语）
【巩固练习】（十四）判断下列各句的句子成分
1) Some people who are very intelligent and successful in their fields find it difficult to succeed in
language learning.
2) When communication is difficult, they can accept information that is inexact or incomplete. 3) You wouldn't believe the stuff people will buy.
4) The variety of things put up for sale is really wonderful.
5) Health insurance that pays for modern medical miracles often costs Americans as much as
$2,000 every year.
6) Yet these three reasons for not discussing insurance provide three excellent reasons why we
should learn more about it.
7) With manners, the best rule is the one that works.
8) Given the amount of time that children watch television, it has become one of the most powerful
models they want to follow.
9) The narrow range of most violence-related toys advertised on television jeopardizes the role of
play in helping children make better sense of their own feelings and interpret their world.
10) It is a good idea for parents to monitor the amount as well as the kind of television their
preschool child watches.
第八讲【巩固练习】（十四）答案
判断下列各句的句子成分（划分句子成分时采用了如下的符号：主语 ，谓语 ，宾语 ，定语（ ），状语[ ]，表语和宾语补足语< >。） 1) Some people (who are very intelligent and successful in their fields) find it
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（http://tieba.http://www.wodefanwen.com//club/5346389）欢迎?加入...欢迎?交流...止不住的惊喜等着你......... 3) You wouldn't believe the stuff (people will buy). 4) The variety of things (put up for sale) is
6) (These) (three) reasons (for not discussing insurance) provide (three) (excellent) reasons (why we should learn more about it). 7) [With manners], (the best) rule is
powerful) models (they want to follow)>.
9) The narrow range of most violence-related toys advertised on television jeopardizes the role of play [in helping children make better sense of their own feelings and interpret their world]. 10) It is [for parents] to monitor the amount as well as the kind of television their preschool child watches.（it为形式主语，真正的主语为动词不定式短语）
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