A good beginning is half done. 良好的开端是成功的一半
in front of 意思为“在某物/某人外面的前面” 如：There is a big tree in front of the classroom. in the front of意思为“在某物/某人内部的前面” 如：There is a big desk in the front of the classroom.
5、behind 意思为“在??后面” 同“at the back of” 如：There is a cat behind the door.
She is standing at the back of me.
6、under 意思为“在??的下面/下方” 如：The cat is sleeping under the table. 7、near 意思为“在??附近、靠近”
如:You can see the library is near the school building. 8、at 意思为“在......处”，一般指较小的比较具体的地点。 如：He isn't at school. He is at home.
三、祈使句
⒈定义：用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句，祈使句最常用于表达命令，因此在学校文法中也常称为命令句。
⒉祈使句因对象（即主语）是第二人称，所以通常都省略。祈使句的动词都为一般现在时，句末则使用句号来表示结束。
例：Go and wash your hands. （去洗你的手。——命令） Be quiet, please.（Please be quiet.） （请安静。——请求） Be kind to our sister. （对姊妹要和善。——劝告） Watch your steps. （走路小心。——警告）
Look out！Danger！ （小心！危险！——强烈警告，已如感叹句） Keep off the grass. （勿践草坪。——禁止） No parking. （禁止停车。——禁止）
祈使句也常把主语“You”表达出来，使对方听起来觉得柔和些， 例如：You go and tell him, Chris. （克立斯你去告诉他。） ⒊相关口诀
祈使句无主语, 常常省去主语you; 谓语动词用原形, don't句首变否定; 朗读应当用降调, 句末常用感叹号。 ⒋表现形式
●肯定结构:
⑴. Do型(即:动词原形(+宾语)+其它成分)。如:Please have a seat here. 请这边坐。
有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下,动词可省略。如:This way, please. = Go this way, please. 请这边走。
⑵. Be型(即:Be + 表语(名词或形容词)+其它成分)。如:Be a good boy! 要做一个好孩子! ⑶. Let型(即:Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分)。如:Let me help you. 让我来帮你。 ●否定结构:
⑴. Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加don't构成。如:Don't forget me! 不要忘记我! Don't be late for school! 上学不要迟到!
⑵. Let型的否定式有两种:“Don't + let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分”和“Let + 宾语 + not + 动词原形 + 其它成分”。如:Don't let him go. / Let him not go. 别让他走。
A good book is the best of friends, the same today and forever. 一本好书，相伴一生。
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By reading we enrich the mind, by conversation we polish it. 读书使人充实，交谈使人精明。
⑶. 有些可用no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。如:No smoking! 禁止吸烟!No fishing! 禁止钓鱼!
“let”带头的祈使句
由“let”带头的祈使句(Imperative Sentences)是个常见的动词句型，它的主要用法有下列三种：
1.表示“建议”。
这个句型里的\后头紧跟着一个第一人称的代词宾语，如： (1) Let me try. (2) Let's do it.
(3) Let me go and look for it.
这个句型语气委婉，比直接的祈使句客气。试比较(4)a和(4)b: (4) a. Don't disturb him. b. Let's not disturb him.
(a)是直接命令，语气强烈，不如(b)温柔悦耳。 2.表示“间接命令”或“愿望”。
这句型里的动词宾语是第三人称名词或代词，如： (5) Let Robert take charge of the marketing department. (6) Let her join our choir. 3.表示“警告”、“蔑视”、“威胁”等。
这种祈使句里的宾语也是第三人称为主。除了口气凶悍之外，有时还语带讽刺，如： (7) Let him try and he will expose his inability to work on his own.
(8) Let the invaders come and our armed forces will wipe them out in no time. 用“let”的祈使句时，必须注意下列几点：
一、“let” 的否定句有二。如果宾语是第三人称用“Don't let.....”（见例(9)）；如果宾语是第一人称，则用“Let......not”（见例(10)）：
(9) Don't let this type of things happen again.
(10) It's raining now. Let's not go out until after the rain. 二、“Let”只适用于现在时态，可以有被动语态 (the passive voice)，如： (11) Let the recalcitrant criminals be sent to prison. (12) Let all the dedicated capable staff be promoted. 三、“Let”后头除了是不带\的不定式动词 (The infinitive without\之外，还可以是某些适当的副词，如out, in, down, alone等：
(13) Let the puppy out.
(14) Open the windows and let the fresh air in. (15) The room is too sunny. Let the blinds down. (16) Let me alone, please.
四、用“Let's”时，把谈话者的对象包括在内；用\时，并不包括对方，如： (17) Let's try it, shall we?
(18) Let us do it by ourselves, will you?
从(17)里的“shall we”和(18)里的“will you”，不难知道前者包括听话人，后者并没有。
四、通过的各种表达
1、across是介词，强调从范围的一边倒另一边，且在物体表面上或是某一直线的方向而进
Experience is the father of wisdom and memory the mother 经验是智慧之父，记忆是智慧之母。
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A good beginning is half done. 良好的开端是成功的一半
行的动作。
My house is across the river. 我家在河对岸。 2、cross是动词，表示“穿过，越过，渡过”。 Don’t cross the river. 别穿过马路。 3、across from 在??对面
My house is across from the bank. 我家在银行对面。 4、crossing 意思为“十字路口”
All cars should stop at the zebra crossing. 所有的车辆都要在斑马线前停下。 5、past 也是介词，从某物旁边经过。意思是“走过??， 进过??”
He often walks past me without saying “hello”. 他经常不打招呼就从我身边走过。 6、through 也是介词，强调从空间范围里通过，一般和go/walk/fly…连用 The fly flies through the window. 苍蝇从窗户里飞过。
介词through和across的用法与区别
1)through为介词，既可指时间，也可指地点。指时间时表示“在(整整一段时间)中”，指地点时表示“通过，穿过经过”(常有较活的译法)。例如：
① Sometimes they have to work through the weekend.有时候整个周末他们都得工作。 ② All through the night, he waited for news from the front.整整一夜他等候着前线的消息。 ② She walked rapidly through the rice-fields. 她快步穿过稻田。
③ ④ The sunlight was coming in through the window.阳光从窗口照射进来。
⑤ The wind was cutting through his thin prison uniform like a knife.寒风象一把刀子透过他薄薄的囚服刺入骨髓。
2)across 与 through 的区别：
这两个介词都有“穿过”的意思，但用法却有所不同。across的含义与on有关，表示动作在某一物体的表面进行，常指从宽度意义上讲的“横穿/跨”。through的含义与 in有关，表示动作在某物体的空间进行。例如：
① He hurried across the bridge to Waterloo. 他匆匆过桥到滑铁泸去了。
② The river flows through the city from west to east. 这条河从西向东流过这座城市。
Unit7 The Birthday Party
【重点短语】
next Tuesday /year /week 下星期二/明年/下It`s round 它是圆的 周 What color什么颜色 plan to + 动词原形+sth 打算/准备做某事 black and white黑白相间 want to do sth 想做某事 have a look /rest /swim /walk 看一看/休息have a birthday party 开个生日聚会 一下/游泳/散步 Would you like to+v.（原形）你想??？ I`m afraid… 恐怕?? I`d love to 我非常乐意去 look like看起来 Pay attention to 注意?? just now刚才 Work alone 独立练习 A moment ago 刚才 be born 出生 how wide / far / long/ often / soon 多长/ 多A model plane 一个飞机模型 远/ 多长/ 多久/ 多久 guess again 再猜一下 Use…for … 用??做??
A good book is the best of friends, the same today and forever. 一本好书，相伴一生。
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By reading we enrich the mind, by conversation we polish it. 读书使人充实，交谈使人精明。
without one’s help = without the help of sb. want to do sth. =would like to do sth. 想要
做?? 在没有某人的帮助下 buy sth. for sb. =buy sb. sth. 给某人买某物 may be 可能是?? 表推测、猜测 to one’s surprise 令某人惊奇的是 enjoy oneself 过得愉快、玩得开心 what a surprise. 太让人惊讶了。 It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事了 do some cleaning/shopping/washing 做卫生/fall down 滑到、摔倒 买东西/洗衣服 hurt oneself 伤着某人自己 play the piano/guitar 弹钢琴/弹吉他 at once = right now 立刻 马上 no way 没门 happen to sb.(sth.) 某人（某事物）出了什么take…to… 把??带到?? 事 what else…? 还有什么？ happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事 count from… to… 从??数?? stand up 站起来 take photos 照相 come back (to) sp. 回到某地 take photos of…给??拍照片 last night/ month/ term/ year/ week 昨晚/ 上half a year ago 半年前 个月/ 上学期/ 去年/ 上周 two days/years ago 两天前/年 go to the movies = see a movie 去电影院看be good at+n./v.ing 擅长于?? 电影 have a good/ great/ nice/ wonderful time 玩得lie to sb. =tell a lie to sb. 对某人撒谎 开心 make…by hand 收工制作 because of +名词、代词或动名词 sit around 坐在??的周围 at the age of = when sb. be +年龄 在??岁in one breath 一口气 时 write a letter back to sb. 给??回信 with one’s help = with the help of sb.在某人write to sb. 给某人写信 的帮助下 why not … ? 为什么不呢？
【重点句型】
1.When is your birthday? I can also perform ballet. 2.How do you plan to celebrate it? 14.I’m sure we’ll have a good time at the 3.What day is it today? party. 4.What’s the date today? 15.You are so smart. 5.When were you born? 16.What else can you do？ 6.What is your present for Kangkang’s 17.I’d like to take these flowers to the party. birthday? 18.But one year ago, he couldn’t do it at all. 7.What’s the shape of your present? 19.Kangkang is good at playing soccer, while =What shape is your present? Micheal does well in basketball. =What does it look like? 20.How was Kangkang’s birthday party? 8.I’m afraid you can’t. 21.Did you sing a Chinese song or an English 9.How long/wide/big is it? song? 10.---What do we use it for? ---We use it to 22.What did Sally do? study. 23.Did Kangkang enjoy hinself? 11.Mr. Brown wants to buy a beautiful light 24.It’s your turn to paly the piano. blue dress for Mis. Brown. 25.I missed the chair and fell down. 12.That would be a surprise for Mrs. Brown. 26.Go and wash them at once. 13. I can only sing English songs. 27.Did you hurt yourself. I can speak English well. 28.What time did you come back home last
Experience is the father of wisdom and memory the mother 经验是智慧之父，记忆是智慧之母。
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A good beginning is half done. 良好的开端是成功的一半
night, Judy? 34.There was a big birthday cake with 13 29.Why did you come back so late? candles on it. 30.I went to the movies with Alice and lisa. 35.We all sat around the cake, Kangkang
made a silent wish, and then he blew the 31.How could you lie to me？
32.Why didn’t you tell me the truth? candles out in one breath. 33.Each of us gave Kangkang a birthday card. 36.What happened to Micheal at the party.
【重点语法】
一、be动词的一般过去时
学习动词be的一般过去时，下面有一口诀，它可以帮你们更好地掌握动词be的一般过去时。
be的过去时有四巧：
一是时间状语巧，表示过去的短语要记牢； 二是形式巧，单数was，复数were；
否定句结构是三巧，not紧跟was／were； 四是疑问句式巧，was／were向前跑(提前)。
【一巧】 时间状语巧。一般过去时表示过去发生的动作 或存在的状态，恰巧与表示过去的一些时间状语连用。例如：
yesterday, last night／week／month／year, last Saturday, the day before yesterday, in 1998, five years ago等。
【二巧】 形式巧。它与一般现在时一样，形式多样：当主 语是第一人称单数或第三人称单数时，谓语动词用was；主语是第二人称或其他人称复数时，谓语动词用were。例如： I was in the classroom yesterday morning． 昨天早上我在教室里。 He was at school last Tuesday． 上周二他在学校。
They were over there a moment ago． 刚才他们在那边。 【三巧】 否定句结构巧。与动词be的一般现在时一样，
它在动词后面加not即可变成否定句，并且was, were与not可以缩写成wasn't, weren't。即：主语 ＋ wasn't／ weren't ＋ 表语 ＋ 其他。例如： I was not (＝wasn't) here yesterday． 昨天我不在这儿。
My parents were not (＝weren't) at home last Sunday． 上周日我父母不在家。
【四巧】 疑问句式巧。把was, were提到句首，句末用问号即可变为一般疑问句。即：Was(Were) ＋ 主语 ＋表语 ＋ 其他？这恰巧与动词be的一般现在时的疑问句式相似。例如：Were you at home the day before yesterday﹖ 前天你在家吗？ Was she late this morning﹖ 今天早上她迟到了吗？ 更巧的是疑问句的答语也相似，肯定回答用“Yes, 主语＋was／were．”；否定回答用“No,主语＋wasn't／weren't．”。例如：
—Were Wei Hua and Han Mei here just now﹖ 刚才魏华和韩梅在这儿吗？
—Yes, they were． (No, they weren't．) 是的，她们在。（不，她们不在。）
二、数词 一）、 数词的分类
1. 基数词：表示数目的词称为基数词。其形式如下： A．从1——10
one，two，three，four，five，six，seven，eight，nine，ten． B．从 11——19
A good book is the best of friends, the same today and forever. 一本好书，相伴一生。
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