哈尔滨工业大学毕业设计(论文)
3.4.4 实证结论
1.我国民营上市在是否发放股利上逐步出现迎合现象
Baker和Wurgler提出股利迎合理论是指管理者理性的迎合投资者对股利偏好的需求而决定是否发放股利,从而获得股利溢价。从实证结果来看,我国民营上市公司在2005—2007年股利溢价一直为负数,说明这段时间民营上市公司的投资者偏好于不派现;而民营上市公司2008—2010年三年的股利溢价均为正值,说明随着市场的不断成熟和规范,我国投资者特别是投资于民营上市公司的投资者日趋成熟,开始偏好于具有长远投资的现金股利而非短期炒作。从2005—2010年否支付股利和市净率的回归结果来看,从2009年开始,两者之间关系回归结果显著性低于5%,说明民营上市公司在制定股利政策是也开始存在迎合投资者的倾向。以往的学者比如王曼舒,齐寅峰(2005)的研究结果多数认为迎合现象在我国不存在,但从本文的研究结果可知,随着时间的推移,投资者的偏好会发生变化,迎合现象也逐步出现。
2.我国民营上市公司在股利支付率上并不存在迎合现象
从实证结果看,股利支付率与市净率之间具有显著的负相关,说明投资者并不偏好股利支付率高的上市公司,更看重上市公司是否发放股利,而非发放多少。
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哈尔滨工业大学毕业设计(论文)
结论
股利政策是上市公司财务管理的核心内容之一,它的制定对于上市公司至关重要。随着中国经济的发展,民营上市公司逐渐成为资本市场中一支重要的力量,而且民营上市公司的特征与西方上市公司更加类似,目前研究的还比较少。本文则借助迎合理论来研究我国民营上市公司的股利派现特点。
通过1998—2009年的统计分析可知,民营上市公司派现呈现三个特点:1、派现短期行为普遍;2、派现比例偏低,存在超额派现;3、平均每股派现金额较为稳定。民营上市公司的这些派现特点主要受法律因素、股票市场、投资者偏好等因素影响。
在实证方面,本文以2005—2010年的我国民营上市公司股利分配数据为研究对象,研究民营上市公司是否存在迎合现象。在研究迎合理论等相关股利政策理论的基础上,结合我国国情,并借助实证研究工具Logit模型分析民营上市公司在是否发放股利及发放率上是否存在迎合现象。依据实证分析的结果,可知我国民营上市在是否发放股利上逐步出现迎合现象,而在股利支付率上并不存在迎合现象。
本文讨论我国民营上市公司在制定股利政策时是否存在迎合现象。由于投资者的股利偏好会发生变化,所以需要从长期研究,而本文仅讨论六年的数据,时间较短,这主要是由于我国证券市场发展时间短,数据较少。其次,本文在分析股利支付率与市净率之间的关系时没有引入控制变量,导致实证结果的拟合优度不高。这些问题都可以成为未来理论和实证研究的方向。
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哈尔滨工业大学毕业设计(论文)
参考文献
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哈尔滨工业大学毕业设计(论文)
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哈尔滨工业大学毕业设计(论文)
附录1
A Catering Theory of Dividends
Abstract
We document a close link between fluctuations in the propensity to pay dividends and catering incentives. First, we use the methodology of Fama and French(2001)to identify a total of four distinct trends in the propensity to pay dividends between 1963 and 2000.
Second, we show that each of these trends lines up with a corresponding fluctuation in catering incentives: The propensity to pay increases when a proxy for the stock market dividend premium is positive and decreases when it is negative. The lone disconnect is attributable to Nixon-era controls.
Keywords: Dividends; Payout policy; Catering; Dividend premium; Investor sentiment
1. Introduction
In an important paper, Fama and French(2001)document a major time-series shift in dividend policy. Between 1978 and 1999, the fraction of their Compustat sample that pays dividends fell from 67%to 21%. They trace part of this decline to a composition effect. In recent years, an increasing fraction of firms were small and unprofitable but apparently had strong growth opportunities, so they would not have been expected to pay dividends. However, even after accounting for this effect, Fama and French find a large decline in the residual “propensity to pay dividends. ” In this sense, dividends have been disappearing since 1978. In this paper, we ask whether the catering view of dividends in Baker and Wurgler(2003) sheds light on the propensity to pay dividends. That view argues that when investor demand for payers is high(low)and Modigliani-Miller-style arbitrage is limited, a stock price premium(discount) could appear on payers(nonpayers), and firms on the margin could then cater to the implied investor demand in an attempt to capture this “dividend premium. ” Thus, leaving aside its allowance of a role for sentiment, the catering view can be seen as a disequilibrium version of the clientele equilibrium view in Black and Scholes(1974). Baker and Wurgler construct proxies for the time-varying dividend premium, or catering incentive, and find that they help to explain the aggregate rate of dividend initiation and omission.
We start the current analysis by applying the methodology of Fama and French to earlier data. This leads to our first main finding: There are actually four distinct trends in the propensity to pay dividends between 1963 and 2000. The post-1977 decline is certainly the largest and longest, but the three earlier fluctuations are clearly evident. While these trends are interesting in their own right, more important for us is that they essentially quadruple the degrees of freedom
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