[例] 1测量：The standard kilogram is maintained as a measure of mass. 标准的千克是测量质量的量度
2较量She measured her power with that of a dangerous adversary.
她拿自己的力量和危险的敌手进行较量 [同义] appraise ，assess ，compare， estimate ，grade， rank ，rate ，size
[固定搭配] measure up （常与to连用）合格；符合（标准）
contrast vt. 使与...对比, 使与...对照 vi. 和...形成对照 n. 对比, 对照, (对照中的)差异
[例] He challenged me to play another tennis 他向我挑战要我跟他再打一场网球。
[同义] confront, dare ,defy ,dispute, question [派生] challenging adj.引起挑战性兴趣的, 挑逗risk vt. 冒...的危险 n. 冒险, 风险
[例] His action risked a sharp reprisal. [同义] chance, endanger ,expose, gamble ,hazard jeopardize ,venture
[反义] safety n. 安全,保险,安全设备,保险装置 [固定搭配]
run[take] the risk of doing sth. 冒险做某事；[例] My new school was a welcome contrast to the one before. 我的新学校比以前的好多了。
[同义] compare， liken， match， measure
definition n. 1定义2解说3 精确度, (轮廓影像等的)清晰度
[例] Good photographs have definition. 好的照片都很清晰。
[派生] define vt. 定义, 详细说明
definite adj. 明确的, 一定的
specific n. 1特效药2细节 adj. 1详细而精确的, 明确的2特殊的, 特效的, [生物]种的 [例] I want a specific answer.
[同义] definite ，fixed， particular ，precise， special
[反义] general n. 1普通2将军3概要
adj. 1一般的, 普通的2综合的, 概括的, 全面的, 大体的 n. 常规
[派生] specify vt. 1指定2详细说明, 列入清单
specification n.详述,规格,说明书, 规范
signpost n. 路标
[例] We usually put up signposts on the highway for the drivers.
landmark n.1(航海)陆标,地界标,里程碑2划时代的事 [同义] milestone ，point
attitude n. 1姿势, 态度，意见 [例] People's attitude towards the skyscrapers varies widely.人们对这些摩天大楼的态度很不相同。
[同义] opinion ，position ，standpoint ，viewpoint encounter v. 遭遇,遇到,相遇 n. 遭遇, 遭遇战 [例] The young scientists encountered many difficulties during their exploration.
[同义] battle， collide， come across， confront ，meet， oppose
obstacle n. 障碍, 妨害物
[同义] barrier， block， deterrent ，hindrance ，hitch， impediment obstruction， snag ，stoppage [反义] help n. 帮忙,补救办法,助手,治疗, <美>佣工 vt. 帮助, 助长, 接济, 治疗, 款待 vi. 有用, 救命, 招待
challenge n. 挑战 vt. 向...挑战
take no risks 慎重行事； at risk 在危险中； confront vt. 使面临, 对抗
[例] I wish to confront my accuser in a court[同义] encounter, face , oppose
[派生] confrontation n. 面对, 面对面, 对质 essential adj. 1本质的,实质的,基本的2提炼的, 精华本质, 实质2要素, 要点
[例] What is the essential difference between teconomic systems?
[同义] basic, fundamental, important, necessary ,required , vital
[派生] essence n. 基本, [哲]本质, 香精 perceive vt.察觉 v. 感知, 感到, 认识到
[例] I perceived that I could not make her change h我发觉我不能使她改变她的主意。 考研英语核心词汇
25
[同义] detect, distinguish, experience, feel make out,
observe, recognize sense
[派生] perception n.理解, 感知, 感觉, DPS公司出的数字影像压缩卡
perceptive adj. 有理解的
tend vi .趋向, 往往是 vt.照管, 护理
[例] People under stress tend to express their full range of potential.
[同义] administer, attend , bend , care for, foster, help , incline
[派生] tendency n. 趋向, 倾向 [同义] conquer ，defeat， drive off， fruoverpower， surmount
[反义] submit v.（使)服从, (使)顺从 vt. 提交, 递交
cease v. 停止, 终了
[例] We worked without cease to get the project on time.
[同义] discontinue， end， halt， quit ，stop[反义] begin v. 开始, 首先
[固定搭配] cease out 绝迹； cease to be 不再是cease to be in force 、cease to be in effect
indecisive adj. 非决定性的
[例] There are no indecisive boundaries between the two opinions. 这两种意见界线分明。 [反义] decisive adj. 决定性的 timidity n. 胆怯 [例] His timidity prevented him from asking her to the dance .
[派生] timid adj. 胆小的, 羞怯的 hesitate v. 犹豫, 踌躇, 不愿 [同义] falter， flounder， let up ，pause， rest， waver [反义] dare ，decide ，determine [派生] hesitation n. 犹豫, 踌躇 cope vi. (善于)应付, (善于)处理 [同义] face， put up ，struggle insecurity n. 不安全, 不安全感
[例] The child’s feeling of insecurity was caused by his mother’s early death . [反义] security n. 安全
[派生] secure adj. 安全的, 可靠的, 放心的, 无虑的 v. 保护
unavoidable adj. 不能避免的, 不能取消的
[例] an unavoidable accident 必然会发生的事故 [同义] certain， inescapable， inevitable ， sure [反义] avoidable adj. 可避免的
overcome vt. 战胜, 克服, 胜过 vi. 得胜
[例] We were overcome with joy. 我们喜出望外。
Unit 28
真题文章（1995年text 3）考研核心词汇
complex adj.1复杂的2合成的,综合的 n.联合体 [例] A computer is certaintly a complex machine[同义] complicated ，confused， inclination， inmixed ，
[反义] brief ，plain ，simple formerly adv. 从前, 以前, 原来
[例] \lawyer.\
[派生] former adj. 从前的, 以前的
n. 形成者, 创造者, 模型, 样板
solution n. 1解答, 解决办法2溶解, 溶液
[例] This is the only practicable solution imagin是唯一想得出的切实可行的解决办法。
[同义] answer ， explanation ，finding ，outcomresolution， result；mixture [派生] solute n. 溶解物, 溶质 complicated adj. 复杂的, 难解的
[例] The regulations are so complicated that notbe made of them by the layman . [派生] complicate v. (使)变复杂
complication n. 复杂化, (使复杂的)因素 n. [医]并发症 考研英语核心词汇速成胜经 26
colleague n. 同事, 同僚
[例] My colleagues are all well-known scholars. [同义] companion ，comrade， friend ，partner，associate， buddy
extend v. 扩充, 延伸, 伸展, 扩大[军] 使疏开, 给予, 整齐匀称的 n. 正式的社交活动 reliable adj. 可靠的,可信赖的
[例] It's not reliable to judge a man only by his单凭容貌来判断一个人是不可靠的。 [同义] dependable， devoted ，faithful， loyal 提供,化出的全文 <英>[律]对(地产等)估价
[例] The headmaster extended our holiday by four days. 校长把我们的假期延长了四天。 [同义] enlarge ， expand
[反义] shrink v. 收缩, (使)皱缩, 缩短
contract n. 合同, 契约, 婚约 v. 使缩短, 感染, 订约 [派生] extension n.延长,扩充,范围 n. 扩展名
adj. [逻]外延的, 客观现实的
extensive adj. 广大的, 广阔的, 广泛的
resolve n. 决心 v. 1决心, 决定, 决心要2(使)分解, 溶解, 解决 vt. 解决
[例] This mixture resolves into two substances. [同义] decide ，determine， settle [反义] blend vt. 混和 n. 混和
[派生] resolution n.坚定, 决心, 决定, 决议 resolute adj. 坚决的
addition n. 加, 加起来, 增加物, 增加, 加法
[例] Our baby brother is an addition to our family. [反义] subtraction n. 减少
[固定搭配] in addition 加上, 又, 另外； in addition to 加上, 除...外, 又； with the addition of 外加；
mobility n.活动性,灵活性,迁移率, 机动性 [例] the mobility of a liquid 液体的流动性 [派生] mobile adj.可移动的,易变的,机动的
n. 运动物体
stable adj. 稳定的 [例] Markets are flourishing and prices are stable. 市场繁荣, 物价稳定。 [同义] barn ，established ，firm， secure ，settled， sound ，steadfast ，steady
informal adj. 不正式的, 不拘礼节的 [例] informal dress 便服 [同义] colloquial
[反义] formal adj. 外形的, 正式的, 合礼仪的, 形式的,
trustworthy
[反义] unreliable adj. 不可靠的
aspect n.样子,外表,面貌,(问题等的)方面 [例] The building has a southern aspect. [同义] appearance ，look ，view subconscious adj. 下意识的
[例] I found it fascinating to learn that the subconscious mind can control our buying habitcasual adj. 偶然的, 不经意的, 临时的
[例] The casual newspaper reader wouldn't likearticles on serious subjects every day.
[同义] accidental， chance ，informal， naturaunexpected
[反义] planned adj. 计划了的, 根据计划的 quantity n. 量, 数量
[例] Mathematics is the science of pure quanti[同义] amount， measure， multitude， number， posum ，volume
[反义] quality n. 质量, 品质, 性质 [派生] quantify vt. 确定数 v. 量化 storage n. 贮藏(量), 贮藏库, 存储
[例] We have storage in the attic. 我们在顶楼有储
[派生] store vt. 贮藏存储
n. 1商店, 店铺2贮藏,delivery n. 1递送, 交付2分n. [律] 财产等的正式移交 发输
[例] There is no delivery of letters on Sunday[同义] dispatch , transmission
[派生] deliver vt. 递送, 陈述, 释放, 发表(一篇演交付, 引渡, 瞄准, 给予(打击)
data n. datum的复数, [计] 资料, 数据 考研英语核速成胜经 27
[例] I’m afraid you have not sufficient data . file n. 1文件, 档案, 文件夹2锉刀
vt. 1 把...归档, 提出(申请等)2锉, 琢磨 vi. 列队行进, 用锉刀锉
[例] Here's our file on the results of the business in the past five years. [同义] catalog ，categorize， classify， grind， group ，march， parade， telecommunication n. 电讯, 长途通讯, 无线电通讯, 电信学
facilitate vt.（不以人作主语的）使容易, 使便利动, 帮助, 使容易, 促进
[例] It would facilitate matters if you were co-operative
你再合作些，事情就会变得更容易。 [同义] assist ，ease， help ，speed [反义] hinder adj.后面的 v.阻碍, 打扰 [派生] facilitation n. 简易化, 助长
complexity n.复杂(性), 复杂的事物, 复杂性 [例] The complexity of the road map puzzled m[例] Telecommunications is an important area of professional growth. via prep. 经, 通过, 经由
[例] I sent a message to Mary via her brother. bombard vt. 炮轰；轰击
[例] The spokesman was bombarded with questions on the press conference.
新闻发布会上那位发言人遭到了连珠炮般的发问。 [同义] attack ，open fire ，shell ，torpedo multitude n. 1多数2群众
[例] He has a multitude of friend. 他有许多朋友。 instant adj. 立即的, 直接的, 紧迫的, (食品)速溶的, 方便的, n. (某一)时刻 瞬息; 霎时 [口]可速食的食物; 速溶饮料
[例] He paused for an instant. 他停了一会儿。 [同义] immediate ，moment， pressing ，prompt [派生] instantly adv. 立即地, 即刻地
occurrence n. 1发生, 出现2事件, 发生的事情 [例] the occurrence of an accident 意外的发生 [同义] event , happening , incident [派生] occur vi. 发生, 出现
expertise n. 专家的意见, 专门技术
[例] We admired the expertise of the racing driver . 我们很欣赏那赛车手的高超技术。 [同义] knowledge
teleconferencing n. 电信会议
dispute v. 1争论, 辩论, 怀疑2抗拒, 阻止 n. 争论, 辩论, 争吵
[例] Our team disputed the visitors' claim to the championship. 我们队伍与客队争夺锦标
[同义] argue, bicker, contest ,debate, fight, oppose ,quarrel ,resist
[反义] agree vi. 同意, 赞成...的意见, 与...一致, 承认, 适合 vt. 同意
[派生] disputation n.争论,驳斥,议论 [固定搭配] in dispute with 与…有争议；under dispute 在争论中；在辩论中；
participant n.参与者, 共享的 adj. 参与的
[例] participants in a card game 参加玩纸牌的人 [派生] participate vi.参与,参加,分享,分担 participation n. 分享 参与
[同义] complication
[反义] simplicity n.简单,简易,朴素,直率 [派生] complex adj.复杂的, 合成的, 综合的 n. 联合体
accurate adj. 正确的, 精确的
[例] Is this watch accurate？ 这只表准吗? [同义] perfect
[反义] inaccurate adj. 错误的, 不准确的 [派生] accuracy n. 精确性, 正确度
critical adj. 1评论的, 鉴定的, 批评的 2危急的, 临界的
[例] A critical temperature of water is 100 ℃boiling point at standard atmospheric pressur[同义] crucial， decisive ，faultfinding ，preurgent 考研英语核心词汇速成胜经 28
[反义] complimentary adj.问候的,称赞的,夸奖的, 免费赠送的 [派生] criticize v. 批评, 责备