毕业设计（论文）
题 目 系 （院） 专 业 班 级 学生姓名 学 号 指导教师 职 称
物理学中对称性问题研究
物理与电子科学系
物理学 2009级1班 吴学霖 2009010597 卢振亮 讲师
二〇一三年六月十八日
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作者签名: 二〇一三年六月十八日
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二〇一三年六月十八日
滨州学院本科毕业设计（论文）
物理学中对称性问题研究
摘 要
从科学发展观的角度来看，自然界和现实社会中有很多关于对称性问题的例子，这些对称性的例子是自然界非常普遍存在的现象，大的到宇宙小的到原子分子，都具备不同程度的对称性问题。而且这些对称性问题在物理学中也具有普遍应用的规律，特别是电磁学中存在着许多惊人的对称性，电磁学中对称性的问题都要比普通物理其他部分多一些。我们可以利用对称性的问题使电磁学中的许多问题能更加清晰化和简单化。我们分析问题的时候运用普遍的对称性作为指引，利用高斯定理、安培环路定理和麦克斯韦方程组来解决这些简单性的问题，阐明了对称性原理在电磁学中的重要应用，举例说明了利用对称性求解电磁学问题 的简明性，因此，我们可以通过对称性的原理来解释、分析和证明问题会更加方便和准确，甚至可以根据所作出的一些预言就能够很快的被正确的证明出来。
关键词：物理学; 对称性；麦克斯韦方程组；电磁场；磁单极子；
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滨州学院本科毕业设计（论文）
Symmetry problem in physics research
Abstract
from the perspective of scientific outlook on development, there are a lot of questions about symmetry in nature and the social reality of the example, the example of symmetry is very common phenomenon in nature, large of small molecules into atoms into the universe, all have different degrees of symmetry problem. And the symmetry problem also has universal application of the law in physics, particularly electromagnetism in the there are many amazing symmetry, symmetry in the electromagnetism problems more than other parts of general physics. We can take advantage of the symmetry of the problem can make a lot of problems in electromagnetism clearer and simplicity. We analyze problems when using common symmetry as a guide, using gauss theorem, the ampere loop theorem and maxwell's equations to solve the problem of the simplicity, clarified the principle of symmetry in the electromagnetism important application, illustrates the use of symmetry solving electromagnetic problems. Conciseness, so that we can be explained by the principle of symmetry, certificate of analysis and problem will be more convenient and accurate, and can even according to made some predictions could soon be proved out correctly.
Key words： physics; symmetry; Maxwell's equations; The electromagnetic field; Magnetic monopoles;
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滨州学院本科毕业设计（论文）
目 录
引言 ······································································································································· 1 第一章 物理学中对称性的简介 ························································································· 2 1.1物理学中对称性的概念 ······················· 2 1.2对称性和物理学的发展 ······················· 2 1.3对称性在物理学发展中的运用 ···················· 2 第二章 物理学中电磁学的对称性 ····················································································· 5 2.1高斯定理和对称性的分析 ······················ 5 2.2安培环路定理与对称性的分析 ···················· 5 2.3麦克斯韦方程组的对称性的分析 ··················· 6 2.4镜像对称性特例 ·························· 6 第三章 关于电磁波在物理学中对称性问题的讨论 ························································ 11 3.1电磁波的预言与检验 ························ 11 3.2电磁波的性质 ··························· 11 3.3电磁场与空间对称性的计算 ····················· 11 第四章 关于麦克斯韦方程组和磁单极子 ················· 12 4.1麦克斯韦方程组 ························· 12 4.2磁单极子 ···························· 13 结论 ····································································································································· 18 参考文献 ····························································································································· 19 谢辞 ····································································································································· 20
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