Abstract
Abstract
In the early 20th century Tax Deferral implemented by the Unite States resulted in a large number of multinational corporations transferring profits to companies established in tax havens and reaching the purpose of obtaining tax benefits by no or less profit allocation. In 1962 the United States by the approval of the Revenue Act enacted Subpart F into the Internal Revenue Code and articulated that even when not assigned or not remitted back to the United States, profits attributable to U.S. shareholders should be regarded as the dividends in the same year and be included in the name of each U.S. shareholder together with other income subject to U.S. income tax .
So far U.S. CFC tax regime has a 50-year history, which goes through many changes and updates, but always adheres to the principle of distinguishing acceptable and unacceptable tax deferral. Recently Subpart F has served as the legislative model for the CFC rules of most countries. And in 2008 China also enacted CFC rules into newly revised Corporation Income Tax Law Article 45. But an overall CFC rule of China defines incompletely on the type of tax deferral and there are many fuzzy. Therefore, based on the study of U.S. Internal Revenue Code Subpart F and the relevant literature, some key elements will be discussed including CFC, U.S. shareholder, constructive dividends and applicable exceptions. Aiming to offering the reference to China's CFC legislation and practice, the author attempts to answer the question \a conclusion.
The paper could be divided into three parts: introduction, body and summary. The first chapter served as an introduction includes the background, research status, research methods and the innovation of this paper. Chapter 6 succinctly describes the research conclusion made by the author and suggestions on Chinese CFC tax regime. The text of the main content is mainly distributed in Chapter 2 to Chapter 5.
Based on the study of the documents and reports from the relevant agencies in
Abstract
the United States, Chapter 2 sorts out completely the legislative background of U.S. CFC tax regime. It then tries to analysis the reason that U.S. CFC tax regime arises from, the objectives that U.S. government wants to achieve and the international impart of U.S. tax regime during its development period.
Chapter 3 considers the subject in U.S. CFC tax regime. To clarify the identification of the CFC and U.S. shareholder, the first question is that how to determine ownership in U.S. CFC tax regime. Therefore this chapter will cover three rules for determining ownership, namely, direct ownership rule, indirect ownership rule and constructive ownership rule before an in-depth analysis of CFC and U.S. shareholder from different dimension, such as their criteria content, criteria basis and criteria application.
Chapter 4 focuses on the object of U.S. CFC tax regime, including Subpart F Income and Investment of Earnings in United States Property. With a wide connotation range, Subpart F Income could equal the sum of certain insurance income, foreign base company income, an amount equal to illegal bribes and kickbacks the CFC pays and income derived from participating in international boycotts, income from unruly countries in U.S. disfavor. And foreign base company income could also be divided into four categories. In this chapter, the author will discuss the above income with examples and make comments on them.
Chapter 5 is mainly to solve two problems encountered by U.S. CFC tax regime in the practical application: the application of exceptions and double taxation. In order to save the cost of tax collection and not to affect normal foreign investment, U.S. government developed a number of applicable exclusions to exempt some CFCs and their income items. About the double taxation problem, this chapter also talks about four types of CFC's foreign tax credit issues, concludes the solution of U.S. government and then offers the reference to China's CFC legislation and practice.
Key Words: Anti- Tax Avoidance CFC Tax Deferral
目录
目录
第一章 引言 ........................................................................................... 1
第一节 选题背景 ............................................................................................... 1
一、提出问题 ............................................................................................................... 1 二、研究意义 ............................................................................................................... 2
第二节 国内外研究现状 ................................................................................... 3 第三节 研究方法与结构安排 ........................................................................... 5
一、研究方法 ............................................................................................................... 5 二、结构安排 ............................................................................................................... 6
第四节 论文的不足与创新 ............................................................................... 7
第二章 美国CFC税制的立法背景...................................................... 9
第一节 美国CFC税制的立法原因 .................................................................. 9
一、“延迟纳税”的含义 ......................................................................................... 10 二、“延迟纳税”的实现因素 ................................................................................. 11 三、“延迟纳税”的危害 ......................................................................................... 12
第二节 美国CFC税制的立法目的 ................................................................ 13
一、防止“避税地”的滥用 ..................................................................................... 13 二、对被动所得征税 ................................................................................................. 13 三、保证税制公平 ..................................................................................................... 14
第三节 对美国CFC税制的概括总结 ............................................................ 14
一、立法早且影响广泛 ............................................................................................. 14 二、税制结构逻辑性强 ............................................................................................. 15
目录
三、对我国有借鉴意义 ............................................................................................. 15
第三章 美国CFC税制的纳税主体.................................................... 17
第一节 如何判断所有权 ................................................................................. 17
一、直接和间接所有规则 ......................................................................................... 17 二、推定所有规则 ..................................................................................................... 19
第二节 如何判定“美国股东”和CFC ......................................................... 24
一、“美国股东”和CFC的判断标准 .................................................................... 25 二、判断标准的依据 ................................................................................................. 26 三、判断标准的运用 ................................................................................................. 27
第三节 评析纳税主体的适用范围 ................................................................. 28
一、未规定适用地域范围 ......................................................................................... 29 二、控制主体的类型全面 ......................................................................................... 31 三、股权控制实质控制相结合 ................................................................................. 33 四、多种方式判断所有权 ......................................................................................... 34
第四章 美国CFC税制的纳税客体.................................................... 36
第一节 F分部所得 .......................................................................................... 36
一、外国基地公司所得 ............................................................................................. 37 二、保险所得 ............................................................................................................. 41 三、与政治因素相关的所得 ..................................................................................... 42
第二节 投资于美国财产的盈余 ..................................................................... 43
一、征税依据 ............................................................................................................. 43 二、“美国财产”的界定 ......................................................................................... 43
第三节 “推定股利”的计算............................................................................ 45 第四节 评析纳税客体的适用范围 ................................................................. 47
目录
一、交易法识别纳税所得 ......................................................................................... 47 二、纳税所得分类详细 ............................................................................................. 49 三、具体规定适用时间 ............................................................................................. 50 四、准确计算推定股利 ............................................................................................. 51
第五章 美国CFC税制的实践运用.................................................... 53
第一节 美国CFC税制的豁免规则 ................................................................ 53
一、E&P上限规则 .................................................................................................... 53 二、5-70规则 ............................................................................................................. 54 三、高税率国例外规则 ............................................................................................. 56 四、相同国家例外规则 ............................................................................................. 57 五、对我国CFC税制的借鉴 .................................................................................... 57
第二节 美国CFC税制与重复征税问题 ........................................................ 59
一、间接抵免的条件 ................................................................................................. 59 二、CFC的外国税收抵免问题 ................................................................................. 60 三、美国CFC税制与税收协定 ................................................................................ 61 四、对我国CFC税制的借鉴 .................................................................................... 62
第六章 总结 ......................................................................................... 64
第一节 对美国CFC税制的研究总结 ............................................................ 64 第二节 对我国CFC税制的具体建议 ............................................................ 65
参考文献 ................................................................................................. 68 致谢 ......................................................................................................... 71 个人简历 ................................................................................................. 72