judicial modesty 司法中庸的理念；confirmation hearings 确认听证会 inkling 想法、暗示、迹象；controversial 具有争议性的
professions 表明（这是一个动态名词，在翻译的过程中常常翻译为动词） gave little inkling 没有给出线索；（没成想） 句子主干：everybody knows
其他成分：Obama needs a liberal to stop the court （宾语从句主干） from moving further to the right （状语）
than it already has under John Roberts （比较状语从句修饰moving further to the right）（省略了has moved）
the present chief justice 同位语(John Roberts)
a man more stealth-bomber than aircraft-carrier 同位语（John Roberts） whose professions of judicial modesty during his own confirmation hearings in 2005 gave little inkling of the controversial decisions over which he has since presided. 定语从句修饰（John Roberts）
微观分析：定语从句的主干：whose professions of judicial modesty gave little inkling of the controversial decisions
定语从句中再给出了两个定语：（1）during his own confirmation hearings in 2005 （2）over which he has since presided.
翻译点拨：可以先翻译同位语：现任首席大法官约翰.罗伯茨,与其说像航母不如说更像隐形轰炸机。再来翻译定语从句前半句，将主语和定语部分单独成句：2005年，在其就职确认听证会上，他表示将信奉中庸的司法理念，没成想在他主政之后却做成了很多有争议的判罚。接着翻译宾语从句：先翻译状语：法庭在约翰的领导下，已经往右发展了，奥巴马需要一个自由主义者来阻止法庭进一步的右转。最后翻译主句：这一点是大家都知道的。
参考译文：现任首席大法官约翰.罗伯茨,与其说像一艘航母不如说像一架隐形轰炸机。2005年，在其就职确认听证会上，他表示将信奉中庸的司法理念，没成想在他主政之后却做成了很多有争议的判罚。法庭在约翰的领导下，已经往右发展了，奥巴马需要一个自由主义者来阻止法庭进一步的右转。这一点是大家都知道的。
（30）A comparison of British geological publications over the last century and a half reveals not simply an increasing emphasis on the primacy of research, but also a changing definition of what constitutes an acceptable research paper.
词汇突破：reveal 揭露；constitutes 包含； primacy 重要性，首要地位 主干识别：A comparison reveals not…but…主谓宾结构
其他成分：of British geological publications定语修饰comparison； over the last century and a half定语修饰publications； an increasing emphasis on the primacy of research宾语；a changing definition of what constitutes an acceptable research paper并列宾语
微观解析：an increasing emphasis on the primacy of research其中on the primacy of research修饰emphasis；research修饰definition ; what 引导一个宾语从句作of 的宾语，what为宾语从句中的主语。
译文赏析：将过去一个半世纪英国地质学领域的出版物做一下比较，(我们)就会发现不仅对科研的主导地位的强调不断攀升，而且一篇可接受的科研论文所包含的内容的定义也有所变化。（在这个句中有两个动态名词一个是comparison;还有一个为emphasis;其中还有一个动态形容词changing;在翻译的处理上我们都把他翻译为动词，并增加概说的主语我们）
（31）And one leading authority says that these intensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control, to help us sleep and feel better. 词汇突破：authority权威 Conscious有意识的
harness 使…停止的意思(从字典上去查还能查到治理等意思）和stop 可以互换但是更加正式的表达；还有一个单词是curb，这个单词表示控制的意思相当于control，原意是缰绳的意思，这个单词为考研高频词。
记住了：harness = curb = control 不要纠结，在考试中就是可以替换的，都是高频词记住就好了
intensely powerful mental events = dreams ;这个句子是来自于一篇讲梦的 文章，在文章中给出了这样的同义改写也够让人感到纠结的了。 主干识别：one leading authority says that+宾语从句；
其他成分：宾语从句的主干是these intensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control; 并列连词not only …but also…连接两个并列的动词harnessed 和 brought；to help us sleep and feel better 为目的状语
译文赏析：而一名顶级权威认为，这些极其强烈的大脑活动不仅可以被抑制，实际上还可以受到意识的控制，进而帮助我们睡眠，使我们感觉好一些。 提别解释：有同学翻为：帮助我们睡的更好，感觉更好，也是可以的这是语言的正常的二义性，有的时候这样的二义不会对句子的实际理解造成影响。
To be stupid, selfish, and have good health are three requirements for happiness, though if stupidity is lacking, all is lost.愚蠢、自私、身体好，是幸福三要素，不过最重要的是愚蠢，没了愚蠢，什么快乐都不会有。
（32）There is, as Robert Rubin, the treasury secretary, says, a “disjunction” between the mass of business anecdote that points to a leap in productivity and the picture reflected by the statistics. 词汇突破：the treasury secretary 财政部长（美）
Anecdote 轶闻，趣闻 ；Statistics 数据（还有一个我们不熟悉的意思：表格） Picture 情况，事态，局面，状况，情形，形势
Mass of business anecdote ：通常我们不翻译为商业轶事的大量，而翻译为大量的商业轶事，这样更符合中文的习惯 主干识别：There is a disjunction.
其他成分：as Robert Rubin, the treasury secretary, says 插入语（状语从句充当的其中还多了一个同位语做的插入语 the treasury secretary）between the mass of business anecdote that points to a leap in productivity and the picture reflected by the statistics. 后置定语修饰a disjunction.
微观解析：between the mass of business anecdote and the picture; 为定语的主体部分；that points to a leap in productivity修饰anecdote；reflected by the statistics修饰picture
译文赏析：正如财长鲁宾所说，在表明生产力飞跃发展的商业佚事和实际数据所反映的情况之间存在着脱节。（为了行文流畅我加了“实际”二字。）(也可以把比较长的那个部分单独翻译，这样更符合中文的习惯。有大量的商业佚事表明生产力的飞跃发展，但是财长罗伯特.鲁宾认为现实数据表明的情况并不能支持这些传奇。)
（33）Much of the language used to describe monetary policy, such as \the economy to a soft landing\or \touch on the brakes\, makes it sound like a precise science. Nothing could be further from the truth. 词汇突破：steer 指挥，控制；Precise 精确的
主干识别：Much of the language makes it sound like precise science.
主+谓+宾+宾补结构
其他成分：used to describe monetary policy 过去分词短语做后置定语修饰
the language
Such as “steering the economy to a soft landing ”or “ a touch on the brakes”形容词短语，形容词短语做后置定语修饰the language
译文赏析： 有很多用于描述货币政策的词汇，例如\操纵经济软着陆\或者\轻踩刹车\，使货币政策听起来像是一门精确的科学。没有什么比这更远离实际情况的了。（但这些说法是最不靠谱的）
（第二个句子的翻译中可以使用正话反说的方法来进行翻译，在肯定和否定之间进行转换。可以参考下面的两个例子：1：An opportunity is not likely to repeat itself. 可以翻译为：机会难得。2：Such things are of no rare occurrence.可以翻译为：这些事情经常发生）
We are not now that strength which in the old days Moved earth and heaven; that which we are, we are One equal-temper of heroic hearts
Made weak by time and fate, but strong in will To strive, to seek, to find, and not to yield 当年事业多辉煌，横扫千军谁敢当。 时间过了很多年，昔日英姿在何方。 如今头颅白似雪，精疲力尽手足凉。 但我仍有英雄胆，还要继续去远方。 我为人生唱赞歌，诗成余意尚彷徨。
（该翻译有再创作的成分在里面，所以诗歌的翻译很多时候都不是完全一致的） （34）It is entirely reasonable for auditors to believe that scientists who know exactly where they are going and how they will get there should not be distracted by the necessity of keeping one eye on the cash register while the other eye is on the microscope.
词汇突破：auditors 审计人员；Distract 分散注意力；cash register 收银机 主干识别：It is entirely reasonable to believe that +宾语从句. 形式主语从句
其他成分：for auditors 状语
Scientists who know exactly where they are going and how they will get there should not be distracted by the necessity of keeping one eye on the cash register while the other eye is on the microscope宾语从句。 微观解析：scientists should not be distracted 宾语从句主干；who know exactly where they are going and how they will get there 定语从句修饰scientist；where they are going and how they will get there定语从句中know的宾语从句；by the necessity of keeping one eye on the cash register while the other eye is on the microscope.状语；of keeping one eye on the cash register修饰the necessity 做定语；while the other eye is on the microscope状语.