校本课程教材 初高中衔接
(5) wear, put on和dress的区别
1) wear是“穿着”“戴着”的意思，可以用于穿衣服、穿鞋、戴帽子、戴手套、佩戴首饰等，强调“穿着”的状态。 Tom always wears black shoes. He wears a raincoat even when it is fine. She doesn't like to wear a red flowers in her hair.
2) put on是“穿上”“戴上”的意思，可以用于穿衣服、穿鞋、戴帽等。着重于穿戴的动作。
It's cold. You'd better put on your coat. He put on his hat and went out of the room.
3) dress可以作及物动词和不及物动词，有“穿着”“打扮”的意思。作“穿着”解时，只用于穿衣服，不用于穿鞋、戴帽、戴手套。作为及物动词用时，它的宾语是人，不是衣服。dress sb. （给某人穿衣服），而wear作“穿着”用时，也是及物动词，但它的宾语是物，不是人，即wear sth.（穿着衣物）。 She always dresses well. Get up and dress quickly. Mary is dressing her child. (6) take, spend 和use的用法。
1) take指做某事用多少时间，句型是：It takes/took/ will take + sb. +some time + to do sth.
It took me three days to finish the work.
It will take you a while week to travel thought the forest. It takes only one hour to fly to Shanghai.
2) spend指某人在某事（物）上花费时间或钱。句型是： Someone spends + money/time + on something(in) doing sth. She spent more than 500 yuan on that coat. He didn't spend much time on his lessons.
He spent much time (in) correcting students' exercises. Mother spent her evenings (in) washing clothes. 3) use表示使用工具、手段等。 Do you know how to use the computer? Shall we use your car?
(7)reach, get 和arrive的区别。
1) reach是及物动词，后面要直接跟表示地点的名词作宾语。
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校本课程教材 初高中衔接
After the train had left, they reached the station We reached the top of the mountain at last.
2) get是不及动词，常与to连用，再接名词，后面接表示地点的副词时，不用to，get to常用于口语中。
When the students got to the cinema, the film had begun. My sister was cooking when mother got home.
3) arrive是不及物动词，表示到达一个小地方时，用arrive at, 到达一个大地方时用arrive in。
The soldiers arrived at a small village
The foreigners will arrive in Shanghai tomorrow. 【演练】
1. Listen! Some of the girls ________ about Harry Potter. Let’s join them. A. are talking B. talk C. will talk D. talked
2. Our teacher, Miss Chen, ________English on the radio the day before yesterday. A. teaches B. taught C. will teach D. had taught
3. I don’t think I _________ you in that dress before. A. have seen B. was seeing C. saw D. see
4. Susan’s parents have bought a large house with a swimming pool. It _______ be very expensive.
A. must B. can C. mustn’t D. can’t
5. Coffee is ready. How nice it ________ ! Would you like some? A. looks B. smells C. sounds D. feels
6. ― Mr. Zhu, you’d better _______ too much meat. You are already over weight,‖ said the doctor.
A. not to eat B. to eat C. not eat D. eat
7. ―Don’t always make Michael ________ this or that. He is already a big boy, dear,‖ Mr. Bush said to his wife.
A. do B. to do C. does D. did
8. Sorry, I can’t hear you clearly. Will you please ________ your E-mail address? I’ll write it down.
A. review B. recite C. report D. repeat
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校本课程教材 初高中衔接
9. Don’t ________ your coat, Tom! It’s easy to catch cold in spring. A. take away B. take off C. take down D. take out
10. You _______ go and ask Meimei. She _______ know the answer. A. must; can B. must; may C. need; can D. can; may 11. I’m sorry you’ve missed the train. It ________ 10 minutes ago. A. left B. has left C. had left D. has been left 12. I bought a new dictionary and it ________ me 30 yuan. A. paid B. spent C. took D. cost 13. ---Mum, may I go out and play basketball? ---_______ you _______ your homework yet?
A. Do; finish B. Are; finishing C. Did; finishing D. Have; finished 14. I have to go now. Please remember to ________ the lights when you leave. A. turn off B. turn down C. turn up D. turn on 15. A talk on Chinese history ________ in the school next week. A. be given B. has been given C. will be given D. will give 16. Look! How heavy the rain is! You’d better ________. A. don’t go now B. stay here when it stops C. not leave until it stops D. not to leave at once 17. You may go fishing if your work ________.
A. is done B. will be done C. has done D. have done 18. Cotton _______ nice and soft.
A. is felt B. is feeling C. feel D. feels 19. ---Who cleaned the blackboard yesterday, Dick? ---John _________.
A. cleaned B. does C. did D. is
20. ---Linda had nothing for breakfast this morning, _______? ---No. She got up too late.
A. had she B. hadn’t she C. did she D. didn’t she 【练习答案】
1.A 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.B 6.C 7.A 8.D 9.B 10.D 11.A 12.D 13.D 14.A 15.C 16.C 17.A 18.D 19.C 20.C
专题四：数词、冠词考点集汇，讲解和训练
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校本课程教材 初高中衔接
一. 冠词的用法
冠词是虚词，放在名词之前，用来说明名词指的人或事物。冠词有两种。
A(an)叫不定冠词，the叫定冠词。A用在辅音之前，an用在元音之前。
1. 不定冠词的用法
(1) a和an均用在单数名词之前，表示某一类人或事物。例如：
John is a student.
Mary is an English teacher.
(2) 指某一类人或事物中的任何一个。例如:
A steel worker makes steel. Pass me an apple, please.
(3) 指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或和物。例如：
A student wants to see you. A girl is waiting for you outside.
(4) 表示―每一‖的意思，相当于every。例如：
Take the medicine three times a day. They go to see their parents once a week. 2. 定冠词用法
(1) 特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。例如： The book on the desk is an English dictionary. Beijing is the capital of China.
(2) 指说话人和听话人都熟悉的人或事物。例如： Open the door, please. Jack is in the library.
(3) 上文提到过的人或事物。例如：
Yesterday John’s father bought him a new bike. The bike cost him 200 yuan. (4) 表示世界上独一无二的事物。例如： The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. (5) 用在序数词和形容词最高级之前。例如： Shanghai is the biggest city in China. January is the first month of the year.
(6) 用在某些形容词之前，表示某一类人或事物。例如： The nurse is kind to the sick. We should take good care of the old.
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校本课程教材 初高中衔接
(7) 用在某些专有名词之前和某些习惯用语中。例如：
the Great Wall, the Summer palace, in the morning, in the open air等。 (8) 用在姓氏复数之前，表示―某某一家人‖，―某某夫妇‖。例如： the Browns, the whites等。 3. 不用冠词的情况
(1) 某些专有名词，抽象名词和物质名词前一般不用冠词。例如： China, Canada, Japanese, glass, water, love等。
(2) 名词前已有作定语用的this, that, my, your, whose, some, any, no, each, every等代词
时，不用冠词。例如： That is my cap. I have some questions. Go down this street.
(3) 复数名词表示一类人或事物时，不用冠词。
They are workers. We are students.
(4) 称呼语前不用冠词，表示头衔和职务的名词前也不加冠词。例如：
I don’t feel well today, Mother. Bush was made president of the U.S.
(5) 三餐饭的名称前，球类活动，学科和节目名词前，常不用冠词。例如：
I have lunch at home.
He often plays football after class. We have English and maths every day.
(6) 在某些固定词组里，名词之前常不用冠词。例如：
By air, at night, at home, go to bed, go to school, on foot, from morning till night 等。
二. 数词的用法
数词分基数词和序数词。基数词表示数目，序数词表示顺序。 1. 基数词的用法
(1) 基数词在句中主要用作主语、宾语、定语、表语、同位语，例如： Thirty of them are Party members.（主语） --- How many would you like？ --- Three ，please．（作宾语）
The nine boys are from Tianjing.（定语） Six plus four is ten.（表语） We four will go with you.（同位语）
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