校本课程教材 初高中衔接
I have had so many falls that I am black and blue all over.
（5）either…or…, neither…nor, not only…but also…
这三个连词词组都可连接两个并列成分。当它们连接两个并列主语时， 谓语动词要随相邻的主语变化。例如： Either you or he is wrong.
Neither he nor his children like fish.
Not only the teacher but also the students want to buy the book. （6）although, but
这两个连词不能用在同一个句子中。例如：我们不能说“Although he is over sixty, but he works as hard as others.‖这个句子应改为：Although he is over sixty, he works as hard as others.或He is over sixty, but he works as hard as others. （7）because, so
这两个连词同样不能用在同一个句子中。例如：我们不能说“Because John was ill, so I took him to the doctor.‖ 这个句子应改为Because John was ill, I took him to the doctor.或John was ill, so I took him to the doctor. 【演练】
1. We traveled overnight to Paris and arrived _______ 5 o’clock ______ the morning. A. on; in B. at; in C. at; on D. in; on 2. Where’s Lily? We are all here _______ her. A. beside B. about C. except D. with
3. She sent her friend a postcard _______ a birthday present. A. on B. as C. for D. of
4. Jack has studied Chinese in this school _______ the year of 2000. A. since B. in C. on D. by
5. ---What is a writing brush, do you know? ---It’s _______ writing and drawing. A. with B. to C. for D. by
6. English is widely used ______ travellers and business people all over the world. A. to B. for C. as D. by
7. ______ the help of my teacher, I caught up with the other students. A. Under B. In C. With D. On
8. Hong Kong is ______ the south of China, and Macao is ______ the west of Hong Kong. A. in; to B. to; to C. to; in D. in; in 9. ---You’d better not go out now. It’s raining.
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校本课程教材 初高中衔接
---It doesn’t matter. My new coat can keep ______ rain. A. in B. of C. with D. off 10. Japan lies ______ the east of China. A. to B. in C. about D. at
11. ---Will the foreigners have any problems talking with Chinese in 2008?
---I don’t think so. Now ______ the young ______ the old can speak some English. A. either…or B. not only… but also C. neither…nor D. both…or 12. We didn’t catch the train _______ we left late. A. so B. because C. but D. though
13. Tom failed in the exam again _______ he wanted to pass it very much. A. if B. so C. though D. as
14. I won’t believe that the five-year-old boy can read five thousand words ______ I have
tested him myself.
A. after B. when C. if D. until
15. The book was so interesting that he had read it for three hours ______ he realized it. A. when B. until C. after D. before 16. ---This dress was last year’s style.
---I think it still looks perfect ______ it has gone out this year. A. so that B. even though C. as if D. ever since 17. Hurry up, _______ you will miss the train. A. and B. so C. however D. or
18. The mountain was ______ steep _____ few people in our city reached the top. A. so…as B. so…that C. as…as D. too…to 19. ---Do you remember our pleasant journey to Xi’an?
---Of course. I remember everything ______ it happened yesterday. A. as soon as B. even though C. rather than D. as if
20. ______ you can’t answer this question, we have to ask someone else for help. A. Although B. While C. Whether D. Since 【练习答案】
1.B 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.C 6.D 7.C 8.A 9.D 10.A11.B 12.B 13.C 14.D 15.D 16.B 17.D 18.B 19.D 20.D
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校本课程教材 初高中衔接
专题七：英语句子的考点集汇，讲解和训练
【名师点睛】
一. 陈述句的构成形式及基本用法 1. 陈述句：
陈述句是用来陈述一个事实或表达说话人看法（包括肯定和否定）的句子。通常用
降调，句末用句号―.‖。 Tom has a new car. The flower isn’t beautiful. 2. 陈述句否定式的构成
(1) 如果肯定陈述句的谓语部分含有助动词、情态动词或连系动词be，则只需在这些动
词后加not即可构成否定式。
He is playing the guitar.（肯定）
He is not playing the guitar.（否定）
We can get there before dark.（肯定） We can’t get thee before dark.（否定）
(2) 如果陈述句的谓语动词是实义动词，而其中又没有情态动词或助动词时，则需根据
人称和时态在该实义动词前加don’t, doesn’t或didn’t。同时把该实义动词变为原形。
He plays the violin well.（肯定） He doesn’t play the violin well.（否定） She won the game.（肯定） She didn’t win the game.（否定）
(3) 如果句子是there be结构或谓语动词是have（有），除了be和have之后加not之
外，句中如果有some要变为any。例如：
There is some water in the cup. →There is not any water in the cup. He has some books. →He has not any books.
(4) 除not以外，否定词no, never, nothing, nobody, few等也可构成否定句。例如：
There is something wrong with his bike. →There is nothing wrong with his bike. I have seen the film. →I have never seen the film.
二. 祈使句的构成形式及基本用法
祈使句是用来表示命令、请求、建议、号召等的句子，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号―！‖或句号―.‖。朗读时一般用降调。 1. 肯定的祈使句：
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校本课程教材 初高中衔接
（1）祈使句主语是you时，you常省略，但如果要特别强调对方或表达某种强烈的情绪
时可以有主语或称呼语。
Be quiet. You be quiet!
（2）―Do+祈使句‖表示一种强烈的感情或请求，do起强调作用。 Do come back at once! Do be careful.
（3）please用在祈使句中可以表示一种客气的语气，但please用在句末时，必须用逗号
与其余部分分开。
Open the window, please.
（4）Let引导祈使句时，后面需跟上人称代词或称呼语，人称代词一般只用第一、第三
人称。
Let Jack wait a minute. Let’s go to school.
（5）在祈使句中，Let’s和 Let us是有区别的。Let’s包括说话者，而Let us不包括听
话者在内。这点从反意疑问句时可明显看出。
Let’s go skating, shall we?（表示内部的建议） Let us try again, will you?（表示向别人发出请求）
2. 否定祈使句通常以Don’t或Never开头。其结构通常是：―Don’t(Never)+动词原形+其
他成分‖ 例如： Don’t do that again!
Never leave today’s work for tomorrow! Don’t be late next time!
三. 一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句的构成形式及基本用法 1. 一般疑问句：
（1）一般疑问句的肯定形式
一般疑问句一般是指以助动词、情态动词、be动词或have（有）开始，通常要
求以yes，或no来回答的疑问句，一般疑问句读时通常用升调。
Do you know Mr. Smith? Can you swim? （2）一般疑问句的否定结构
① 在一般疑问句的否定结构中，把副词not放在一般疑问句的主语之后。但如果用
not的简略形式-n’t，则须将-n’t与一般疑问句句首的be, have，助动词或情态动词写在一起。在实际运用中，一般都采用简略式。
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校本课程教材 初高中衔接
Are you not a football fan? Aren’t you a football fan? Will she not like it? Won’t she like it?
② 与汉语不同的是，英语一般疑问句否定结构的答语是否定还是肯定，全由答语的
否定或肯定来决定。若答语是肯定的，则用yes加肯定结构；若答语是否定的，则用no加否定结构。
Aren’t you a football fan? 你不是足球迷吗？
Yes, I am. No, I am not. Won’t she like it? Yes, she will. No, she won’t.
2. 特殊疑问句
特殊疑问句由―疑问代词或疑问副词+一般疑问句‖构成，句子一般用倒装语序，但如果主语是疑问代词或由疑问代词修饰时，用陈述句的语序。特殊疑问句不能用yes或no回答，读时用降调。例如：
Who is on duty today?
How long have you been in Beijing? What time do you get up every morning? What must I do now? 常用的特殊疑问句 询问内容 疑问词或句型 职业，身份 what 姓名或关系 who 例 句 回 答 He is Jack. He is my brother What is your father? He is a doctor. Who is that boy? What is she like? 相貌特征 what…like? What does she look She is beautiful. like? 目的 what…for? 原因 why 天气 how
What did they come To attend a here for? here? meeting. meeting to attend. Why did they come Because they have a How is the weather It’s fine. 149