And that is determined by the shape of the form. 这就是由容器的形状所决定的。
This is what I realized when I was an undergrad here. 这是我在本科生阶段所认识到的。
Seemingly, looking in from the outside, I had everything. 表面上看，我拥有了一切。
lDoing well in sports, academics and socially, and yet my perception, my focus, my interpretation of life—not that great.
体育运动，学术和社交都很成功，但是我对生命的理解、关注和解读并不正面。 I wasn’t unhappy. 我不快乐。
The interpretation matters very often a lot more as we’ll see than the information that goes in. 我们后面会讲，通常解读比信息更重要。
One of the sentences that I’ll repeat throughout the class is that happiness is much more contingent on our state of mind than our status or the state of our bank account.
有一句话我会在课程中经常引用：“快乐由我们的精神状态而定而不是社会地位或银行存款”。 And that’s where transformation comes in. 所以需要变形。
And that’s why it’s so important for well-being. 这对建立幸福感来说很重要。
What that will look like in practice is that we’ll cover not so much information. 所以在我们实际操作时不会传达过多信息方面的东西。
We’ll uncover much more and I don’t mean that in the Berkeley (George Berkeley) sense of the word, I mean that in the academic sense of the word. In other words.
而是挖掘更多东西，不是联想意义上的而是学术意义上的。也就是说。
What we’ll do is uncover potential that we have inside that we have inside of us all along, maybe we just didn’t see, or maybe it’s obscured by something or another.
我们要挖掘自身潜能，这种潜能一直存在只是我们没有发现或者被其他东西掩盖了。
l We’ll uncover it so that we can utilize it, so that we can focus on it, so that we can perceive it. 我们要发现利用它，以便关注它，以便理解它。
Here is a story just to illustrate it. So this is Michelangelo. 我来讲一个故事说明吧。如米开朗基罗。
One day he was asked by a journalist of his time. 曾经有一个记者问他。
How did you create this most amazing masterpiece, David? 您是如何创造出《大卫》这件巨作的？
To which Michelangelo responded. 米开朗基罗回答。
It was easy, I went to the quarry, I saw this huge piece of marble, and in it I was David. 很简单，我去了一趟采石场，看见一块巨大的大理石，我在它身上看到了大卫。
All I need to do was to chip away the excess stone, to get rid of the marble that shouldn’t have been there.
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我只要凿去多余的石头，只留下有用的。
And when I got rid of this excess stone, there was David. 凿去多余的石头之后，大卫就诞生了。 Not obviously easier said than done. 虽然说的比做的容易。
But this story captured the metaphor of what this class very much is about. 但是这个故事捉住了这门课程精髓。
It’s about chipping away the excess stone; it’s about getting rid of limitations, of barriers, whether it’s the fear of failure, something that we didn’t have as kids.
即凿除多余石块，也就是摆脱限制，阻碍或者对失败的恐惧，这些东西并不是与生俱来的。 But today most people in our culture have it. 但如今却出现在了大多数人身上。
It’s about chipping away perfectionism that is debilitating and often hurts us. 要凿除削弱甚至伤害我们的完美主义。
It’s about chipping away our ability for success because maybe we are afraid of success. 凿除成功的能力因为我们可能害怕成功。
Maybe we feel guilty about some of the things that we have in our life and that in turn limit us. 可能我们对生命中一些东西感到内疚，这些都会反过来限制我们。
Maybe it’s about chipping away the limitations on our relationships in while we don’t thrive within them. 也许甚至凿除两性关系中的限制，尤其是带来消枀面的时候。 This is what this class is mostly about. 这些就是本课程的主要内容。
As Doro says: “Soul grows more by subtraction than by addition, by getting rid of these limitations, limitations that are preventing us from fulfilling our potential”.
就像俗话说的那样：“做减法比做加法让灱魂成长得更快，减法包括除去那些阻碍我们发挥潜能的限制”。 Because our potential is in there in nature, we talk a lot about human nature. 因为我们的潜能是天生的，我们关注人类本性。
It’s there whether it’s through God, whether it’s through evolution. 是与生俱来的，无论是上帝赐予的，还是进化产生的。
We have a lot of potential that overtime with we fix stone of voices with being parts of our culture, that very often these limitations are put on top of us just like the excess stone. 但是渐渐地受到外部文化压力，像多余石料一样，把我们禁锢起来了。
Lao Tzu, ”In pursuit of knowledge everyday something is acquired, in pursuit of wisdom, everyday something is dropped”. 老子说过：“为学日益，为道日损”。 Knowledge is about information. Wisdom is about transformation. 学即信息,道即变形。
I was recently interviewed for a newsletter on coaching before a large conference on the topic. And the interviewer asked me.
我最近参加一次大型咨询业会议时接受了一家相关期刊的采访。采访者问我。 So what tips, what tools can you give from positive psychology?
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能给读者传授一些积枀心理学建议吗？
So I talked about some of the greatest hits, the importance of gratitude, the importance of physical exercise. 于是我谈到了一些热门话题，感恩的重要性，体育锻炼的重要性。
I talked about the importance of spending time on our relationships, about taking time aside and simplifying and so on and so on.
我谈到了花时间经营爱情的重要性，谈到了休息，简化等等。
And I was going through my long list. She stopped me and she said. 我正滔滔不绝时。她打断了我说。
l You know, Tal, this is all good. The importance of stuff, I know. l But readers already know that. 谢谢，Tal，这些都不错。那些事情的重要性，我知道。但这些我们的读者都已经知道了。 I am looking for the Wow factor. Come on, surprise me. 我想要的是轰动的因素能让我意外的东西。 What can you tell our readers? 能否告诉我们的读者？
And I thought about this question for a minute, and I realized that there is no Wow. And I told her that. 我想了一会这个问题然后意识到根本没有什么惊奇可言。我跟她这么说了。 You know if there is a wow, the wow is that there is no wow. That’s it. 所谓的轰动之处就是没有轰动之处。就是这样。
Because the over-not-transformation emperor, the emperor of quick fixes has no clothes. 因为没有经过转变，快速见效的说法都是皇帝的新衣。 It doesn’t exist; it’s over-promising and under-delivering. 是不存在的，是过高的承诺和过低的兑现。
A life, a fulfilling life, a rich life includes ups and downs, includes pain and getting up again, includes failure and getting up again.
生活，令人满意的生活，丰富的生活包括了起起落落，包括了痛苦和再次振作，包括失败和再次奋斗。
It includes success and celebrating it, victories and losses, ups and downs as we will talk about next week. 它包括了成功和庆祝成功，胜利与失败，起起和落落，我们下星期会讲到。 It’s not about this one secret, one Wow to the good life.
而不是关乎一个秘密，一个能让人过上幸福生活的令人惊奇的诀窍。 And many of the things you will learn in the class, you’ve heard before. 而你们将在本课程中学到的很多东西，都是你们之前听说过的。 Probably nothing new to you. 也许对你来说没有什么新鲜的内容。 You already know it inside of you. 在你内心深处你已经知道了。
And you are going to say: “Well, it is common sense”. 你会说“这是常识”。
And yes, a lot of it is common sense. 是的，很多都是常识。
However, it is Voltaire once said: “Common sense is not that common”.
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但是伏尔泰曾经说过：“常识并非那么平常”。 And this especially applies to application. 特别是应用于实际。
So the aim of this class is to make common sense more common, especially in the real world application. 所以本课程的目标是让常识更加平常，特别是应用到实际中。 At the end of the class. 在本课程结束时。
Here’s what I am hoping for, at the end of the class, if you decide to take it at the end of the semester. 我所希望的是，在本课程结束之时，如果你打算上这门课的话在本学期结束时。 I don’t think—I am not expecting you to come and tell me. 我不想，我不期待你跑过来告诉我。
Wow, thank you for teaching me so many new things. 谢谢你教给了这么多新东西。 That’s what I am expecting. 那不是我所期待的。
I don’t think that is what will happen. 我不认为那会发生。
What I hope will happen is for you to come and say rather than “Thank you for teaching me” something you would say.
我所希望发生的是你过来跟我说，不是说“谢谢你教了我”之类的话。 “Thank you for reminding me of something that I’ve already known”. 而是“谢谢提醒了我一些我熟知的事情”。 And this is what this class is about. 这就是本课程要做的。
It’s constant reminder, twice a week. 经常性的提醒，一周两次。
Constant reminder of what you already know of what is inside you, the David that is inside you. 经常提醒你们记起你们已知的东西，你们内心深处的东西，你们心中的大卫。
And what this class will hopefully do is to help you chip away some of these limitations, whether it’s limitation, cognitive limitations that prevent you from seeing what already knew, emotional limitations that are preventing you from deriving the benefits of what you already know or behavioral limitations. 本课程希望做到的是帮助你们凿掉一些束缚，不管是哪种束缚，是阻碍你认识已经熟知事物的认知束缚还是阻碍你仍已经熟知事物中获取益处的情绪束缚抑或是行为束缚。
The ABC affects behavior and cognition that we’ll talk about during the change week. 基本要素是影响，行为和认知正是我们在改变周将要讨论。 So I’m making common sense more common. 我要让常识更平常。
Information in and of itself is simply not enough. 信息本身还不够。
It’s not enough and what we need in addition to our information highway is a transformation highway.
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还不够，而我们除了信息高速公路外还需要转变高速公路。
Transformation highway or transformation back roads to come through the fast increasing pace because as we’ll talk about next time.
转变高速公路还是转变乡村小道上来经历快速增长的步伐，因为我们就像下次课会说到的那样。
Rates of depression are on the rise, rates of anxiety are on the rise, not just in this country, globally. 抑郁率呈上升趋势，焦虑率呈上升趋势，不只是在这个国家，是全球化的现象。 It’s literally global epidemic. 简直就是全球传染病。
And to deal with it, more information will just not do, just not enough. 而为了应对它，更多的信息也并不够。 Here is Archibald MacLeish. 下面是Archibald MacLeish的话。 He was a poet, was a Harvard professor. 他生前是一位诗人，是哈佛的教授。
What is wrong is not the greatest discoveries of science—information is always better than ignorance, no matter what information or what ignorance.
错的不是科学的重大发现，有信息永远比无知强，不管是什么样信息和什么样无知。
What is wrong is the belief behind the information, the belief that information will change the world, it won’t.
错在于信息背后的信念，认为信息会改变世界的信念，但它不会。
Just adding it and filling up our containers with more and more stuff, more and more information, more and more data.
往我们的容器里增加装上越来越多的东西，越来越多的信息，越来越多的数据。 It’s just not enough, we need more than that. 还是不够，我们需要更多。
This class will take a humanistic approach. 本课程将采用一种人性的方法。
Let me read you a quick excerpt by Abraham Maslow who talks about this approach. 我来给你们读一小段Abraham Maslow的话。
If one took a course or picked up a book on the psychology of learning, most of it, in my opinion, would be beside the point—that is, beside the “humanistic” point.
如果有人上了一门关于心理学学习的课大部分内容在我看来是与重点无关的，也就是与人性无关。
Most of it would present learning as the acquisition of associations of skills and capacities that are external and not intrinsic to the human character, to the human personality, to the person himself.
大部分内容把学习展现为获得联想技能和能力，这些对于人的性格，人的个性，人本身来说只是外在的而并非本质的。
External refers to information. 外在指信息。
Internal refers to the transformation, the changing of the form. 内在指转变，形态的转变。
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