无论是通过两周后开始的每周一次的课后论文。
Whether it’s in your final project that will be a presentation that you won’t have to give but you’ll have to write out.
还是你们最后的演示作业，你们不用做演示但要写出来。
A presentation about your favorite topic or the topic that matters most to you. 关于你敢兴趣的话题或者对你来说最重要的话题。
Whether it’s in sections that you’ll be talking about how I can apply these ideas to my life. 还是关于如何能把这些观点应用于我的生活。
The time-ins are about thinking about how can I take in the ideas and use them. 联系时间时关于如何接受和利用一些观点。 It’s about studying ourselves. 是关于研究我们自己。 Because as Carl Rogers says. 因为正如Carl Rogers所说。
What is most personal is most general. 越是个人的东西越普遍。 And as Maslow adds. 正如Maslow所补充。
We must remember that knowledge of one’s own deep nature is also simultaneously knowledge of human nature in general.
我们必须记住对一个人深层本性的认识，同时也是对普遍人类本性的认识。 When we understand ourselves better. 当我们更了解自己时。 When we identify ourselves. 当我们认识到自己时。
We are better able to identify with others. 我们就更能认识他人。
In fact, this is in many ways the source of empathy, of the healthy empathy. 事实上，仍许多方面说这是有益移情的来源。
And there are some studies showing that people who know themselves, who study themselves, who are self-reflective display less egregious behavior, less immoral behavior toward others.
有些研究表明了解自己的人、研究自己的人、反思自己的人对别人做出过分的事情、不道德的行为会相对较少。 Behavior that would fall under say, racism. 那种比如说种族歧视的行为。
And it’s counter-intuitive to some extent. 在一定程度上这是反直觉的。
Wait, don’t you first need to study the other so that you can be more sensitive to others? 等等，你难道不要首先研究别人才能对别人更敏感吗? Yes, that too, but it’s not enough. 是的，那也需要，不过还不够。
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It’s important to also study ourselves. 研究我们自己也很重要。
Because when we see our deep nature. 因为当我们看到自己的深层本性时。
What we encounter there is actually part of the universal nature. 我们看到的是部分普遍的本性。
The similarities among us all, regardless of where we are from. 我们所有人之间的共性，不管我们来自哪里。
And this was what DLLM was talking about, not stop cross-culture, do it, important, but the same time, not ignore the self, not ignore the universal within each one of us.
而这就是DLLM所说的，不是组织跨文化研究，去做吧，很重要，但同时，不要忽略自己，不要忽略我们每一个人身上的普遍性。
C.S Lewis, “There is one thing and only one in the whole universe which we know about that we could learn from external observation, that one thing is ourselves”.
C.S Lewis说，整个宇宙中有且只有一件我们知道我们可以仍外部观察中学习到的事，那就是我们自己。 We have, so to speak, inside information, we are in the know. 我没有，可以说是，内在的信息，我们是知道的。
Now there are of course biases when we study ourselves, which is why it’s not enough to just study the self. 当我们研究自己时当然会有偏颇，这就是为什么只研究自己是不够的。 It’s important to counter it, to add to it, academic work, studying others. 要克服这个问题，把学术工作，研究他人融入进去很重要。
That’s why we’ll do some research or study research as well as do some search, searching inside us. 那就是为什么我们除了探究我们的内心外，也会做一些研究或者调查研究。 Both are important. 两者并重。
We shouldn’t, just because there are biases and mistakes that potentially can be made. 我们不应该只是因为会有潜在的偏颇和错误。
It doesn’t mean we need to throw out the baby with the bath water and stop studying ourselves. 这并不意味着我们要因噎废食，停止研究自己。
So we’ll do that or rather you’ll do that probably more than any other class on campus. 所以我们会，更准确地说是你们会这样做比学校里的其他课程做得更多。 Finally this may be news to you. 最后这个可能对你们来说有些新。 But this is not English 10A or Math 55. 但这不是10A号英语课和55号数学课。
Meaning you will not have to read as much as you will read for 10A or for a history class. 就是说你不用像10A号课或者历史课那样做大量的阅读。 And this class is not as difficult as Math 55 so you rest. 也不像55号数学课一样难，所以你们可以轻松些。 I’m sure there are some people here who took the class. 我相信这有些人上过这门课。
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This class at the same time is about rigorous fun. 本课程同时是一种严格的乐趣。
Fun…Because it’s fun to study ourselves. 乐趣……因为研究我们自己很有意思。
Sometimes it hurts and sometimes we see that we may not like. 有时会让我们受伤有时我们看到一些我们不愿意看到的东西。 But overall it’s fun, it’s interesting. 但总的来说还是有趣的，很有意思。
And at the same time it’s rigorous, based on research. 同时又是严格的，以研究为基础。
Now many of the ideas that you’ll encounter in this class are very simple, very accessible, common sense. 你们将在本课程中遇到的许多观点都很简单，很容易理解，常识。 However they are simple, not simplistic. 但它们是简单，不是过分简单化。 And here is the difference. 这两者是有区别的。
Oliver Wendell Holmes, this court is attributed to him not 100% sure it’s this—said. Oliver Wendell Holmes，这个报告厅就是他捐建的，但不能完全确定是他所有的——说过。 I would not give a fig for the simplicity on this side of complexity. 我不会认为与复杂性一致的简单性是微不足道的。
But I would give my life for the simplicity on the other side of complexity. 但我会把我的一生用来研究与复杂性相对的简单性。
What Holmes means here is that he doesn’t care about just simplicity, easy, off-the-cuff, whimsical ideas. Holmes这里的意思是他关心的不只是简单性、简单的、随意的、难以预料的想法。 What he does care about through is the simplicity that comes after. 而他所关心的是之后的简单性。
We have chewed the idea after we have digested it, after we have thought about it. 我们深思了这个观点在我们吸收了它之后，在我们考虑过它之后。 Ideas that have been worked on. 那些我们所研究的观点。
And if on the other side of complexity we can read simplicity and common sense, that’s great. 而如果与复杂性相反，我们能看出简单性和常识，那就很好。 That’s what he’s interested in. 那是他所感兴趣的。
That is also positive psychology researchers that we’ll discuss throughout the semester are interested in. 那也是我们整个学期要讨论的积枀心理学研究者所感兴趣的。 The simplicity on the other side of complexity. 与复杂性相对的简单性。
And there is a very big difference between these two simplicities. 这两种简单性之间有很大的区别。
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Even though on the face of it, they may at times look similar. 尽管乍看起来，它们有时也许是相似的。
What this class requires is a very different kind of effort. 本课程需要的是一种非常不同的努力。 A very different kind of effort to other class. 与别的课程非常不同的努力。
Again it doesn’t require the effort that you’ll need in 55 or in English 10A. 又一次，它不需要你像55号课和10A号英语课那样的努力。
The kind of effort that it does require is the effort of application, of applying into your life, of introducing behavioral actual change to your life.
它所需要的努力是一种应用的努力，努力把它应用到你的生活里，努力把行为的实际改变带入你的生活。 And before we go into some of the technicalities of the class such as syllabus. 在我们开始讲本课程的一些细节比如教学大纲之前。 I want to end with a story about Peter Drucker. 我想先讲一个关于Peter Drucker的故事。
Peter Drucker, who I quoted earlier, father of study of management in modern times. Peter Drucker，我之前引用过他的话，是现代管理学研究之父。
Peter Drucker lived to the grand old age of 94, passed away just a couple of years ago. Peter Drucker享年94岁，是几年前过世的。
Toward the end of his life while he was still 100% lucid. 在他生命的最后，当他头脑还百分比清醒时。
It was more difficult for him to be mobile and to go into organizations. 活动和参加组织活动对他来说更加困难了。
So what he did was invite people who wanted consulting from him, wanted to learn from him to come to his home.
于是他邀请想咨询他问题的人，想跟他学习的人来他家。 And he had Presidents, Premier Ministers of countries. 有国家总统，总理。
He had CEOs of Fortune 500 companies coming spend the weekend with him. 财富500强公司的CEO和他一起过周末。
And on Friday, this was how we started with every session with every world leader. 而在星期五，每一次聚会都是这样开始的，对每一个世界级领袖。 Whether in business, whether in non-for-profit, whether in politics. 无论是商界的，非盈利机极的，还是政界的。
He would say to them the following. 他都会对他们说如下的一番话。
On Monday I don’t want you to call me up and then tell me how wonderful it was. 星期一我不想听到你们说有多美好。
Meaning how wonderful the weekend was. 意思是这个周末有多好。
On Monday I want you to call me up and tell me what you are doing differently.
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星期一我想听到你们跟我说，你们做了些什么改变。 At the end of the semester or at the end of the lecture. 在这个学期结束后或者在这个讲座结束之后。 If you enjoyed it. 如果你们喜欢它。
By all means tell me that enjoyed it, that you had fun. 务必告诉我你们喜欢，你们获得了乐趣。
But more important, it is what you are doing differently. 但更重要的是你们所做的改变是什么。
How this has an impact on your life and that takes effort. 这对你们的生活有怎样的影响而那需要我们的努力。
We are going to spend a whole week talking just about change. 我们将用一周的时间讲改变。
Nothing directly related to positive psychology. 和积枀心理学一点直接的关系也没有。 Just about change. 只是讲改变。
Because it is so difficult to change. 因为改变是那么难。
Because we know most organizational change fails because we know more individual change fails. 因为我们知道大多数组织上的改变都失败了，因为我们知道更多的个人改变失败了。 Unless we introduce behavioral change along with our cognitive and emotional change. 除非我们引入行为上的改变的同时引入认知上和情绪上的改变。 Affect and cognitive is not enough, behavior has to be there as well. 影响和认知还不够，还必须有行为。 What you are doing differently. 你所做的改变。
To do things differently very often takes courage. 经常用不同的方式做事需要勇气。
Some of your response papers that you’ll hand in—None of them are graded, they are all just graded “passed/failed”.
一些你们要交上来的课后论文，都不会被打分，都只会有“及格和不及格”。 You’ll have to hand them in and then you’ll pass. 你们必须交论文，然后你们就及格了。
But some of them may be the most difficult papers that you’ve written here. 但一些也许是你所写过的最困难的论文。 For some they’ll be the easiest. 有一些会是最简单的。 And things will just flow out. 很自然地就能写出来。
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