2． 我不希望真的一天享受三顿丰盛的饭菜——我希望的是，比如每隔四天有一顿丰盛美味、令人兴奋不已，垂涎三尺，多得足以压垮餐桌的豪宴，然后对于下一顿的着落又无甚把握的感觉。一日斋戒对我来说，并不是一种清教徒用来节制自己的方法，而是一种期待最高级的放纵享受的机遇到来的方式。
3． 人生最主要的乐趣之一就是胃口，所以我们的一项主要任务就是要保护好胃口。胃口是继续生存的强烈欲望；那是一种感觉。它告诉你，你仍然很想继续生存；你仍旧怀有强烈的愿望，去品尝人间的酸甜苦辣。
4． 斋戒是对胃口的威严表示高度尊重的行为。所以我觉得，我们应该计划定期地放弃自己的乐趣——食物、朋友和情人——从而保持其强度，并且保证了重新回到这些乐趣身边的那一刻的再次降临。因为这是一个使你和你所心爱的东西一起更新，重新振作的美妙时刻。水手们和旅行者曾有这样的经验，我想狩猎者也一样。现代生活令人厌烦的部分原因也许是我们的人际关系过于密切，我们的娱乐和进食过于有规律了。 5． 对于任何东西，享受太多——太多的音乐、娱乐、开胃的零食，或者太多的时间与友人相聚——都会产生一种对于继续生存感到的无能为力的感觉，并因此而丧失了听觉、味觉、视觉、爱恋或者记忆的能力。人生是短暂而又宝贵的，而胃口则是它的保护神，失去了胃口则意味着死亡。因此，如果我们诚心要享受这短暂的人生，就应该尊重胃口的神圣价值，保持它的渴求的状态，而不能使它过于麻木迟钝。
IV. Cloze
Fasting is an act of homage to the majesty of appetite. So I think we should arrange to
(1)g up our pleasures (2)r — our food, our friends, our lovers — in order to (3)p their intensity, and the moment of (4)c back to them. (5)F this is the moment that
renews and (6)r both oneself and the thing (7)o loves. Sailors and travelers (8)e this once, and so did hunters, I suppose; (9)P of the weariness of modern life may be that we live too much on top of each other, and (10)a____ entertained and fed too regularly.
Too much of anything — too (11)m music, entertainment, happy snacks or time (12)s with one?s friends — creates a (13)k of impotence of living by (14)w___ one can no (15)l hear, or taste, or see, or love, or remember. Life is (16)s____ and precious, and appetite is (17)o of its guardians, and loss of appetite is a sort of (18)d . So if we are to enjoy this short life we should (19)r the divinity of appetite, and (20)k it eager and not too much blunted.
For that matter, I don?t really want three square (31)m a day --- I want (32)o____ huge, delicious, orgiastic, table-groaning blow-out, say every four (33)d , and then not be too (34)s where the next one is coming (35)f . A day of (36)f is not for me
just a puritanical device (37)f denying oneself a (38)p , but rather a (39)w of anticipating a rare (40)m of supreme indulgence.
V. Proofreading: One of the major pleasures in life is appetite, and one of our major duties should be to preserve it. Appetite is the 1.keenness of life; it is one of the senses that tells you that 1. 2.you are still curious to exist, that you still have an edge in 2. 3.your longings and want to bite the world and taste its 3. 20
4.multitudinous flavors and juices. 4. 5. For appetite, of course, I don?t mean just the lust for 5. 6.food, but any condition of unsatisfied desire, any burning 6. 7.in the blood that proves that you want more than you?ve 7. 8.got, and that you have not yet used your life. Wilde said 8. 9.he felt it sorry for those who never got their heart?s 9. 10.desire, but more sorrier still for those who did. I got mine 10. once only, and it nearly killed me, and I?ve always preferred wanting to having since. Text II Rewrite the following
For each of the sentences below, write a new sentence as close in meaning as possible to the original sentence by using the given words as the beginning.
1. Their appearance was enough to set my brother and me to thinking that it might be about
time to develop an illness, which was the surest way of receiving a steady supply of them. As soon as we saw them, we, my brother and me, began to think ________________ 2. There was no depth of degradation that we wouldn?t descend to in order to get one.
We are ready to descend__________________________________________ 3. Each orange, stripped of its protective wrapping, as vivid in your vision as a pebbled sun,
encouraged you to picture a whole pyramid of them in a bowl on your dining room table. Looking at each orange, stripped of its protective wrapping, as vivid in your vision as a pebbled sun, you______________________________________ 4. All of them came stamped with a blue-purple name as foreign as the otherworld that you
might imagine as their place of origin.
The blue-purple name of all of the oranges appeared so_____________________ TEXT I
Unit Nine A RED LIGHT FOR SCOFFLAWS
II. Rewrite the following
For each of the sentences below, write a new sentence as close in meaning as possible to the original sentence by using the given words as the beginning.
1. Indeed, there are moments today---amid outlaw litter, tax cheating, illicit noise and
motorized anarchy---when it seems as though the scofflaw represents the wave of the future.
It indeed happens today that scofflaw, by outlaw litter, tax cheating, illicit noise and motorized anarchy, seems________ 2. Scofflaws abound in amazing variety.
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Scofflaws exist________________________________ 3. The person who illegally splits on the sidewalk remains disgusting, but clearly poses less
risk to others than the company that illegally buries hazardous chemical wastes in an unauthorized location.
Compared with the company that illegally buries hazardous chemical waste in an unauthorized location, _____________ 4. Red-light running has always been ranked as a minor wrong, and so it may be in
individual instances.
In individual instances, red-light running may be_____________ 5. When the foundations of U.S. law have actually been shaken, however, it has always been
because ordinary law-abiding citizens took to skirting the law.
What may cause the foundation of U.S. law actually shaken ___
III. Translate the following into English
1． 现今的无视法律的人，虽然他们表现形式不尽相同，但他们的本质却是相同的，都是社会道德沦丧的苗头的一种症状表现，即人们丧失了为了他人的利益而对自身行为的控制能力。
2． 美国人习惯认为治安的主要威胁来自常见的暴力犯罪。然而，真正动摇美国法律基础的原因，却一直是的普通的守法公民长期养成的避免卷入法律纠纷的习惯。
3． 闯红灯一向被视作小过失。在个别场合也许的确如此。但是，一旦这种行为成为人们的习惯，如脱缰之马迅速蔓延，无法收拾，其所涉及的问题就远远不仅仅是交通管理部门那么简单了。这种藐视道路基本规则的行径对整个社会风气造成了很大影响。循规蹈矩的无辜司机和行人因此而付出痛苦的代价，他们终日感到彷徨，不便和义愤，更不用说对于致命危险并非多余的担心。
4． 治安在美国是历史最悠久，而且可能也是最受关注的政治问题。然而，令人痛心的现实却是，有数百万美国人从未想到过他们自己是违法者，更不用说是罪犯了。他们越来越变本加厉地违反旨在保护并促进社会繁荣的各项法规。的确，随地乱扔垃圾，偷税漏税，制造超标噪音，违规驾驶等现象的泛滥有时使人觉得，这些违法行为似乎代表未来的潮流。哈佛大学的一位社会学家认为，多数美国人对于他们的那些所谓的小疏忽已经习以为常，不以为耻了。他还说，美国的社会道德标准已经陷入了这样一种危机：“只有傻瓜才会守法！”
5． 无视法律的现象造成的危害不尽相同。在人行道上违规吐痰固然令人反胃，但相对于那些把危险的化学废料非法掩埋在未经政府许可的地方的公司而言，其危害明显要小得多。相对于忽视防火安全法规的房东而言，地铁上逃票者对生命的威胁要小得多。然而危害最直接、最显著的无视法律的现象恰恰也是最常见的。其中罪魁祸首是那些美国司机，他们的无法无天的行为已构成了一大社会公害。
IV. Cloze
Red-light running has always been ranked as a (1)m wrong, and so it (2)m __ be in individual instances. When the violation (3)b habitual, widespread and incessant, (4)h , a great deal more (5)t a traffic management problem is (6)i . The
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flouting of basic rules of the road leaves (7)d dent in the social mood. Innocent drivers and pedestrians (8)p a repetitious price in frustration, inconvenience and outrage, not to (9)m a justified (10)s of mortal peri1.
The dangers of scofflawry vary wildly. The person who (11)i spits on the sidewalk (12)r disgusting, but clearly poses less (13)r to others than the (14)c_____ that illegally buries hazardous chemical (15)w in an unauthorized location. The fare (16)b on the subway presents less threat to life (17)t the landlord who ignores fire safety statutes. The most immediately and measurably (18)d____ scofflawry, however, also happens to be the most visible. The culprit is the American driver, (19)w lawless activities today add up to a colossal public (20)n .
V. Proofreading: Law-and-order is the longest-running and probably the best-loved political issue in U.S. history. Yet it is painfully apparent that millions of Americans who would never think 1.of themselves as law-breakers, to let alone criminals, are 1. 2.taking increasingly liberties with the legal codes that are 2. 3.designed to protect and nourish their society. Indeed, there 3. 4.are the moments today --- amid outlaw litter, tax cheating, 4. 5.illicit noise and motorized anarchy --- when it seems as 5. 6.though scofflaw represents the wave of the future. Harvard 6. 7.Sociologist David Riesman suspects that majority of 7. 8.Americans have blithely taken to commit supposedly minor 8. 9.derelictions as a matter of course. Already, Riesman says, 9. 10.the ethic of U. S. society is in the danger of becoming this: 10. “You?re a fool if you obey the rules.” Text II Rewrite the following
For each of the sentences below, write a new sentence as close in meaning as possible to the original sentence by using the given words as the beginning.
1. Like most of us, I?m more apt to be restrained from doing something bad by the social
convention that disapproves of it than by any law against it.
It is more likely for me,____________________________________ 2. This whole thing we have going for us would fall apart if we didn?t trust each other most
of the time.
The lack of faith in each other most of the time would ______________ 3. I don?t go in banks and demand that they show me my money all the time just to make
sure they still have it.
Going in banks to ask them to show me my money all the time just to make sure they still have it is_______________________ 23
4. The people who always assume everyone else is as honest as they are, make out better in
the long run than the people who distrust everyone—and they?re a lot happier even if they get taken once in a while.
Whoever always believes in everyone else?s _______________________ 5. Inasmuch as no one would ever have known what a good person I was on the road from
Harrisburg to Lewisburg, I had to tell someone.
Since______________________________________ TEXT I
Unit Ten
Straight-A Illiteracy
II. Rewrite the following
For each of the sentences below, write a new sentence as close in meaning as possible to the original sentence by using the given words as the beginning.
1. Despite all the current fuss and bother about the extraordinary number of ordinary
illiterates who overpopulate our schools, small attention has been given to another kind of illiterate.
Another kind of illiterate has been _____________________ 2. The person to whom I refer is the straight-A illiterate, and the following is written in an
attempt to give him equal time with his widely publicized counterpart.
By writing the following, I attempt ___________________ 3. Finally, with both of us combining our linguistic and imaginative resources, finally, after
what seems another hour, we decode it.
Finally, both of our ______________________________ 4. Bright?s disease attacks the best minds, and gradually destroys the critical faculties,
making it impossible for the sufferer to detect gibberish in his own writing or in that of others.
Because Bright?s disease attacks the best minds the sufferer is made_____________ 5. Taking his cue from years of higher education, years of reading the textbooks and
professional journals that are the major sources of his affliction, he writes in this way.
His affliction mainly comes ______________________________
III. Translate the following into English
1． 尽管人们今天对于充斥校园的普遍文盲的惊人数量已经甚感不安，为之伤透脑筋，但却很少注意到另外一种文盲的存在。这种文盲所面临的困境，从很多方面来看，却是更为令人关注的，因为它更具有影响力。这种文盲往往可能是个大学校长，但更为
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