重读闭音节 big – bigger – biggest hot – hotter - hottest 2、部分双音节和多音节形容词比较级和最高级变化形式在多音节形容词前加more或most
beautiful – more beautiful – most beautiful useful – more useful – most useful
3、不规则形容词比较级和最高级形式：
good, well – better – best bad, ill – worse – worst many, much – more – most little – less – least far – farther, further – farthest, furthest 三、形容词的比较等级的用法
1、当A=B时，则用as（副）…as（介，连）…，中间用形容词或副词的原级。表示甲与乙在某方面一样
He is as tall as I (me)
2、A≠B，则用not as(so)…as… 表示甲与乙在某方面不一样。 He is not so tall as I = He is shorter than I =I’m taller than he The boy isn’t as careful as that one = This boy isn’t as careful than that one 3、比较级+than 形式
This lesson is more difficult than that one She is fatter than Kate 4、the+最高级+(in of)短语
Miss Zhou is one of the most popular in our class He is the oldest of the three
of 常与名词复数或表示数量的词连用。表示“在…之中”这一。in常与表示范围或场所的名词连用“在…范围之中”
四、形容词比较级特殊用法
1）more and more比较级连用表示“越来越……” In spring the weather gets warmer and warmer. He is getting busier and busier. 2）The more … the more 越…就越…
The larger the bus is , the more people it can carry.
The farther away an object is from us, the smaller it looks. 3）比较级形式表达最高级：
比较级+than any other+名词单数； 比较级+than the other+名词复数 He is clever than any other boy ---- He is the clevest of all the boys ---- He is clever than the other boys
4、修饰比较级的副词有much, even , quite , a little, a lot等表示“得多”“甚至”，表示程度。
第八课时 副 词
一、概述
副词是用来修饰动词、形容词或其他副词的词，表示动作的特征、状态的特征或某种性质的程度。
二、副词的分类
时间副词、地点副词、方式副词、疑问副词及程度副词。
1、时间副词：时间副词表达的内涵包括回答“什么时候”或“经常与否” A: how, then, yesterday, last time, today, just now, later on, so far, ago; B: always, often, usually, sometimes, never, hardly, ever;
C: already, yet, late, early, soon, at once, at last, finally, at first, since; 2、地点副词：表示地点或位置关系的副词。 A: here, there, home, anywhere, everywhere;
B: above, below, down, up, out, in, across, back, over, round, away, near; 注：B类中表示位置的副词有时也可作介词。 如：come in, please----- They live in the next room.
3、方式副词：badly, carefully ,politely, sadly, suddenly, happily. well, fast, high, hard.
4、 程度副词：常见的有: much, a little, a bit, very, even, so, too, enough, quite, rather, completely, terribly, nearly, hardly, not at all。这些副词多用来修饰形容词、副词或动词以加强语气。
5、 疑问副词：是用来引导一个特殊问句，有时用来引导时间状语从句或宾语从句。
疑问副词有：how, when, where, why, who 6、部分副词的用法：
1）too, either, also都是表示“也”。
too和either都用于句末，too用于肯定句中，either用于否定句及一般疑问句中，also放在句子中，BE动词前，实义动词后。
2）so, neither都可以用在倒装句的开头。
so接在肯定句后表示“也一样”，句式：so+助动词+主语； neither接在一个否定句后面表示“也不，没…….” 句式：neither+助动词+主语 I have read the book, so has he.
Jim didn’t win the game, neither did Tom. 3）already, yet
already 和yet通常用于现在完成时中，already用于肯定句，yet用于否定句和疑问句中。
He has already finished his homework. Jim hasn’t come back yet. 7、副词的比较等级
副词和形容词一样，也有比较级和最高级，其变化形式与形容词的比较比较级和最高级一样。
第九课时 介 词
一、知识概述
介词是一种虚词，一般在句子中不重读，也不能单独充当句子成分，但与它的介词宾语一起构成介词短语，就可以在句子中作状语、定语和表语。
介词又称前置词，一般位于名词或代词的前面，表示该词与句子其他成分的关系。在学习介词时，最重要的是掌握介词的用法，动介词组的搭配，时间介词、方位介词、方向介词、位置介词、成语介词以及动向介词和静向介词的比较和区别。
二、介词的定义及句法功能
介词是一种虚词，在句中不单独作任何句子成分，只表示其后的名词或相
当于名词的词语与其他句子成分的关系。介词后的名词，或相当于名词的其他词组、短语或从句，称为介词宾语。介词和介词宾语一起构成介词短语。介词短语在句中主要用作定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语。
The boy over there is my brother.（作定语） A friend in need is a friend indeed.（作定语）
I shall meet you at the entrance of Qianmen Hotel.（作地点状语） To their surprise, they saw not locusts, but seagulls.（作原因状语） I’ll be in the office every afternoon.（作表语） He isn’t at home（作表语）
The farmer made the king out of the water.（作宾语补足语） I found everything in good order（作宾语补足语） 三、介词与其他词类的固定搭配。
介词和动词、形容词、名词等常构成固定搭配。也就是说，在这些词的后面，常常要求用一定的介词。
1、形容词与介词的固定搭配
有些形容词后面要求用固定的介词，这类介词常见的有： about, at, for, from, in, of, to, with （1） 形容词+about
careful about hopeful about sure about He is careless about his clothes （2）形容词 +at
good at surprised at angry at （3）形容词 + for
famous for ready for sorry for I’m terrible sorry for telling him the truth. （4）形容词 + from
different from safe from
He was absent from class this morning
My sister is different from me in many ways. （5）形容词 + in
interested in successful in
He is interested in making model ships. 2、名词与介词的固定搭配 （1） 名词 + for
He made up an excuse for being late. Did you find the cause for your failure? （2） 名词 + in
He has some difficulty in translating the book She has made great progress in English. （3） 名词 + of
She found another way of solving the problem He forms a bad habit of getting up late （4） 名词 + on
There have been several attacks on foreigners recently. Have pity on me! （5） 名词 + with
I wanted to have a talk with you
He is always getting into trouble with the police
第十课时 连 词
一、知识概述
连词是一种虚词，不能在句子中单独作句子成分，也没有句子重音，在句子中只起连接词与词、短语与短语、句子与句子以及从句的作用。连词分为并列连词和从属连词两种。并列连词是连接彼此并列关系的词。从属连词是用来引导从句的词。
二、并列连词
并列连词用来连接具有并列关系的词、短语或句子。并列连词按其作用可分为表示转折、因果、选择和联合关系等四大类。
表示联合关系的连词，常见的有：and, not only??but also, as well as, both?and, neither?nor?.
Written English is more or less the same in both Britain and American. They were very surprised and I knew that I had done the right thing. Work hard and you’ll pass the exam =If you work hard, you’ll pass the exam.
While I was in the university, I learned both English and Japanese.