am is ---- was are ---- were
否定形式为：was not ---- wasn’t were not ---- weren’t 疑问句是将was, were 置于主语之前。 I was in Grade Three last term. I wasn’t in Grade Two last term. Which grade were you in?
② 当动词为实义动词时，用动词的过去式，过去式的变化有规则和不规则变化。规则变化如下：
变化规则 一般情况在词尾加-ed 以-e结尾的在词尾加-d 以辅音字母加y结尾的，变y为i再加-ed 例词 worked used lived studied carried
重读闭音节末尾只有一个辅音字母的，双写此辅音字stopped fitted 母再加-ed 动词过去式的不规则变化需要逐个记忆。见初三教材后的不规则动词变化形式表。
go ---- went
begin ---- began sleep ---- slept
run ---- ran
I heard the good news just now. The twins didn’t go to school last week Did you see the film yesterday ? （2）一般过去时的用法
① 表示过去某一时间或一段时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的状语连用：yesterday, last week, a minute ago, in 1998, just now, in those days等。例如：
They had a baby last month. My mother was ill yesterday. He went out just now.
② 用于since引导的从句，主句的谓语动词如果用现在完成时，since引导的从句一般要用一般过去时。如：
He has worked in the factory since it opened in 1990.
You haven’t changed much since we last met. 注意：
a. 表示过去的时间状语常见的有：yesterday, last night(week, year, month, Sunday), then, at that time, just now, a few days(weeks, months) ago.以及由after, before, when, while引导的的表示过去的时间状语。
b. 一般过去时可以用来表示现在的时间， 这主要用于日常会话，使用的语气较为婉转客气。如：
I wanted to ask if I could borrow your bike.
第十七课时 动词的时态（三）
教学重点
一般将来时 过去将来时 一般将来时
（1）一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。常与表示将来的时间状语连用：tomorrow, next week, next month, in a few days, from now on。如
I’m going to visit the museum this Sunday. I’ll be there in half an hour. We’ll arrive tomorrow. （2）一般将来时的构成
① be going to + 动词原形。Be随主语人称和数的变化而变化，否定句在be后面加not, 疑问句是将be放到主语之后。例如：
It’s going to be fine tomorrow. He isn’t going to speak at the meeting. What are you going to do next?
② will +动词原形。Will可以和各种人称及数的主语连用。否定句在will后加not,缩写成won’t，疑问句需将will提至主语之前。例如：
We will have a basketball match next week. Will you come to the party? I son’t lend it to you.
③ shall + 动词原形。此结构常用于主语为第人称I / we的句中，疑问句表示提建议或征求意见。如：
When and where shall we meet ? Shall I turn on the TV ?
（3） 一般将来时的基本用法。
① “be going to +动词原形”表示“意图”，即打算、计划要做某事。如： Are you going to post the letter ? How long is he going to stay here ?
② “be going to + 动词原形”还可以表示“预见”，即现在已有迹象表明将要发生的事。如：
There are a lot of clouds. It’s going to rain. It’s 7:50. I’m going to be late.
③ “will + 动词原形”表示客观上要发生的事或表示“带意愿色彩的将来”。如：
He will help you if you ask him. They will come back tomorrow.
过去将来时
过去将来时表示在过去将来的某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常用于宾语从句中。其结构与一般将来时类似，只需将助动词改为过去式。
am/ is/ are going to + 动词原形→was/ were going to + 动词原形 will + 动词原形→ would + 动词原形 should + 动词原形 → should + 动词原形 例如：
You knew I would come.
He asked me when he would see me again. Jim said he was going to see his friend the next day.
第十八课时 动词的时态（四）
教学重点
现在进行时 过去进行时 1、现在进行时
（1）现在进行时表示现在或现阶段正在发生或进行的动作。它是由“be + 动词的现在分词”构成。其否定句是在be之后加not。疑问句则将be提到主语之前。
（2） 现在分词的构成
变化规则 一般情况直接加-ing 例词 do—doing help ---- helping 以不发音的e结尾的，去-e加-ing take---taking have ---- having 重读闭音节末尾只有一个辅音字stop ---- stopping set ---- setting 母的，双写此辅音字母再加-ing begin----beginning drop---dropping （3）现在进行时的用法。
① 表示说话时正在进行的动作。如： What are you doing ? I’m cooking
② 表示现阶段一直在进行的动作，但说话时不一定在进行。如： He is working in a factory.
She is translating look now.
③ 表示不断重复的动作。如：
The boy is always asking some strange questions. The children are singing and dancing.
④ 表示位置移动的动词，可以用现在进行时表示将要发生的事。如go, come, leave, fly, start等。如：
When are you starting ? 2、过去进行时
过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。
过去进行时常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如：this time yesterday, at that time, then, last night, at 9:00 yesterday, all night等。其构成和现在进行时类似，只
I’m leaving tomorrow.
Who are you waiting for ?
需将be变为相应的过去式：was/ were + 动词-ing。如：
What were you doing this time yesterday ? When I was watering the garden, it began to rain. I was watching TV.
I was writing while my mother was cooking. 教学难点：
① 过去进行时表示一个过去的动作发生时或发生之后，另一个过去的动作正在进行。过去进行时也可用来表示过去一段时间内持续发生的动作。如：
When I was watering the garden, it began to rain. 当我在花园浇水时，突然下雨了。
While we were having a party, the lights went out.
② 过去进行时还可以表示两个过去的动作同时进行，这时可用连接词while引导。如：
George was reading while his wife was listening to the radio. ③ ―was going + 不定式‖表示过去打算。如
He was going to be our team leader. 他原打算当我们的领队。 ④ 过去进行时与一般过去的区别
过去进行时表示在过去一段时间正在进行的动作，而一般过去时表示一个完成的动作。如：
I was typing letters last night. I typed some letters last night.
第十九课时 动词的时态（五）
教学重点
现在完成时（一） 现在完成时
（1）现在完成时表示某个动作发生在过去，但对现在有影响（或结果），这个动作或状态可能已经结束，也可能还要持续下去。
其构成形式是： have/ has + 动词过去分词