(数学选修1-2)第二章 推理与证明 [基础训练A组]
一、选择题
1.B 5?2?3,11?5?6,20?11?9,推出x?20?12,x?32 2.D a?111?b??c???6,三者不能都小于?2 bca
3.D ①BC?CD?EC?BD?EC?AE?EC?AC;②2BCD?CAD?DC?AC? ③FE?ED?FD?AC;④2ED?FA?FC?FA?AC,都是对的 4.D T?2????,[0,]已经历一个完整的周期,所以有最大、小值
2425.B 由a1?a8?a4?a5知道C不对,举例an?n,a1?1,a8?8,a4?4,a5?5 6.C log2[log3(log4x)]?0,log3(log4x)?1,log4x?3,x?43?64
log3[log4(log2x)]?0,log4(log2x)?1,log2x?4,x?24?16 log4[log2(log3x)]?0,log2(log3x)?1,log3x?2,x?9
x?y?z?89
13??11111'7.D y??x2,y??x2??,y'(4)????
216x2xx2?44二、填空题
1.n?n?1?...?2n?1?2n?...?3n?2?(2n?1),n?N 注意左边共有2n?1项
2*111有最小值,则a?0,对称轴x?,f(x)min?f()??1
aaa1121122 即f()?a?()?2??a??0,a???1,a?a?2?0,(a?0)?a?1
aaaaa2.1 f(x)?ax?2x?a?22(a?b)(a?b)2??x2 3.x?y y?(a?b)?a?b?22224.155 512lg2?m?512lg2?1,154.112?m?155.112,m?N,m?155
5.1000 前10项共使用了1?2?3?4?...?10?55个奇数,a10由第46个到第55个奇数的和组成,即a10?(2?46?1)?(2?47?1)?...?(2?55?1)?*10(91?109)?1000
2三、解答题
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1. 若?,?,?都不是90,且??????900,则atnat?n0?atn?atn?atnat?n?1???
2.证明:假设f(x)?0有整数根n,则an2?bn?c?0,(n?Z)
而f(0),f(1)均为奇数,即c为奇数,a?b为偶数,则a,b,c同时为奇数‘ 或a,b同时为偶数,c为奇数,当n为奇数时,an?bn为偶数;当n为偶数时,
2an2?bn也为偶数,即an2?bn?c为奇数,与an2?bn?c?0矛盾。
?f(x)?0无整数根。 3.证明:要证原式,只要证
a?b?ca?b?cca??3,即??1
a?bb?ca?bb?cbc?c2?a2?ab?1,而A?C?2B,B?600,b2?a2?c2?ac 即只要证2ab?b?ac?bcbc?c2?a2?abbc?c2?a2?abbc?c2?a2?ab???1 ?22222ab?b?ac?bcab?a?c?ac?ac?bcab?a?c?bc4.解:(1)由对称轴是x??8,得sin(?4??)??1,?4???k???2,??k???4,
而?????0,所以????
343?3??),2k???2x???2k?? 4242?5??5?],(k?Z) k???x?k??,增区间为[k??,k??888833'(3)f(x)?sin(2x??),f(x)?2cos(2x??)?2,即曲线的切线的斜率不大于2,
445而直线5x?2y?c?0的斜率?2,即直线5x?2y?c?0不是函数y?f(x)的切线。
2(2)f(x)?sin(2x?(数学选修1-2)第二章 推理与证明 [综合训练B组]
一、选择题
1.C f(1)?e?1,f(a)?1,当a?0时,f(a)?e 当?1?a?0时,f(a)?sin?a?1?a?''220a?1?1?a?1;
12,a?? 222.B 令y?xcosx?x(?sinx)?cosx??xsinx?0,
由选项知x?0,?sinx?0,??x?2?
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3.C 令a?6cos?,b?3sin?,a?b?3sin(???)??3 4.B x?(0,??),B中的y'?ex?xex?0恒成立
acac2a2c ?????a?bb?cxya?bb?c222ab?4ac?2bc2ab?4ac?2bc??2 ?ab?b2?bc?acab?ac?bc?ac6.A A?B?10?11?110?16?6?14?6E
5.B ac?b2,a?b?2x,b?c?2y,
二、填空题
1.?3,?5,?6Sn?na1?n(n?1)dd2d?n?(a1?)n,其常数项为0,即p?3?0, 222ddddp??3,Sn??3n2?2n?n2?(a1?)n,??3,d??6,a1???2,a1??5
22222.4 lg(xy)?lg(x?2y)2,xy?(x?2y)2,x2?5xy?4y2?0,x?y,或x?4y 而x?2y?0,?x?4y,log24?4
1112x3.32 f(x)?f(1?x)?x ?1?x?x?x2?22?22?22?2?222x2?2x2 ? ???xxx22?2?22?2?22?2?2f(?5)?f(?4)?????f(0)?????f(5)?f(6)?[f(?5)?f(6)]?[f(?4)?f(5)]?...?[f(0)?f(1)] ?2?6?3224.0 f(0)?0,f(1)?f(0)?0,f(2)?f(?1)?0,f(3)?f(?2)?0 f(4)?f(?3)?0,f(5)?f(?4)?0,都是0
5.0 f(x)?(x?b)(x?c)?(x?a)(x?c)?(x?a)(x?b),f(a)?(a?b)(a?c), f(b)?(b?a)(b?c),f(c)?(c?a)(c?b),
''''abcabc????? ///f(a)f(b)f(c)(a?b)(a?c)(b?a)(b?c)(c?a)(c?b)a(b?c)?b(a?c)?c(a?b)?0
(a?b)(a?c)(b?c)13
?
三、解答题
1.解: 一般性的命题为sin(??60)?sin??sin(??60)?2223 21?cos(2??1200)1?cos2?1?cos(2??1200)??证明:左边?
2223?[cos(2??1200)?cos2??cos(2??1200)]2
3?2? 所以左边等于右边
2.解:11...1?22...2?11...1?10?11...1?22...2
2nnnnnn?11...1?10n?11...1?11...1?(10n?1)
nnn?11...1?9?11...1?3?11...1?33...3
nnnn3.解:Va?12111?ba??ab?b,Vb??a2b??ab?a, 3333ab1ab1ab?a?b Vc??()2c??ab?,因为a?b?c,则c3c3c?Vc?Vb?Va
4.证明:假设a,b,c都不大于0,即a?0,b?0,c?0,得a?b?c?0, 而a?b?c?(x?1)?(y?1)?(z?1)???3???3?0, 即a?b?c?0,与a?b?c?0矛盾, ?a,b,c中至少有一个大于0。
222
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(数学选修1-2)第二章 推理与证明 [提高训练C组]
一、选择题
1.B 令x?10,y??10,\xy?1\不能推出\x2?y2?1\;
反之x?y?1?1?x?y?2xy?xy?22221?1 22.C 函数f(x)?x3?bx2?cx?d图象过点(0,0),(1,0),(2,0),得d?0,b?c?1?0,
4b?2c?8?0,则b??3,c?2,f'(x)?3x2?2bx?c?3x2?6x?2,且x1,x2是
函数f(x)?x3?bx2?cx?d的两个极值点,即x1,x2是方程3x?6x?2?0的实根
2x12?x22?(x1?x2)2?2x1x2?4?48? 333.B P?log112?log113?log114?log115?log11120,
1?log1111?log11120?log11121?2,即1?P?2
4.D 画出图象,把x轴下方的部分补足给上方就构成一个完整的矩形 5.B OP?OA??(ABAB?ACAC),AP??(ABAB?ACAC)??(e1?e2)
AP是?A的内角平分线
?(a?b)?(a?b)(?1)?a,(a?b)(a?b)?(a?b)f(a?b)??2??6.D
(a?b)?(a?b)2??b,(a?b)??27.D 令3方程9?x?2?x?2?t,(0?t?1),则原方程变为t2?4t?a?0,
?a?0有实根的充要条件是方程t2?4t?a?0在t?(0,1]上有实根
?4?3?x?222再令f(t)?t?4t?a,其对称轴t?2?1,则方程t?4t?a?0在t?(0,1]上有一实根,
另一根在t?(0,1]以外,因而舍去,即??f(0)?0??a?0????3?a?0
?f(1)?0??3?a?0二、填空题
1.35 a1?1,a2?2,a3?a1?0,a3?1,a4?4,a5?1,a6?6,...,a9?1,a10?10 S10?1?2?1?4?1?6?1?8?1?10?35
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