B)it must be raining C)it must have rained D)there must have rain
2．Look what you have done!You______more careful． A)must be B)may be
C)would have been D)should have been
3．Mary_______yesterday if she was really serious about her work． A)ought have come B)ought to have come C)ought to come D)ought to be coming
4．Her performance in the exams is excellent．She______a lot of time studying A)may spend B)must spend C)must have spent D)had spent
5．You______pay the money,but you_______do so at once． A)needn’t;must B)need;need
C)must;must D)must;needn’t
6．Comrade Wang _______be in Beijing because I saw him in town only a few minutes
ago．
A)mustn’t B)can’t
C)may not D)isn’t able to
7．The car plunged into the river．The drive________ get out but the passengers were drowned．
A)was able to B)succeeded to
D)might
8.You _________ the meeting this afternoon if you have something important to
to do.
A)needn’t to come B)don’t need come C)don’t need coming D)needn’t com 9．— Did they blame him for his mistakes? — Yes,but they _________so．
A)would rather not do B)shouldn’t do C)shouldn’t have done D)had better not do 10．— Did your brother break the window?
— He_______have done it．I am not sure． A)will not B)might C)can D)must
11． Since it is already midnight,we______． A)had better left B)ought to have left C)should take leave D)might as well leave 12． The house is dark;the Turners ______to bed． A)should go B)should have gone C)must have gone D)must go 13． My father______such a thing．
A)can’t have said B)might not have said C)couldn’t say D)must not have said 14． He went on foot,but he ______by bus． A)might as well go B)should go C)could have gone D)must have gone 15． “Where are my keys?I______them．” A)must lose B)should have lost C)can have lost D)might have lost 16． Where ______wait for you?
A)do you want me B)will I
C)shall I D)would you hope me to
17． The swimmer was very tired but he______reach the shore before he collapsed． A)might B)can
C)succeeded to D)was able to 18． ______to you like that?
A)How dared he spoke B)How dares he speak C)How dare he speak D)How dares he to speak
19． Ann doesn’t like milk．She says that she______it at home． A)was never used to drink B)was never used to drinking C)never used to drink D)never used to drinking 20． Some people feel that firearms______．
A)need be controlled B)must have been controlled C)can be controlled D)should be controlled 21． ______to have lunch with us today? A)Do you like B)Would you like C)Will you like D)Shall you like
22． You ______him that the day before．
A)ought not to have told B)must not have told C)should not tell D)ought not to tell 23． When I was a boy,I ______chocolate． A)would like B)used to like C)was used to like D)should like 24．— You missed a golden opportunity．
— Yes,I______that job when it was offered． A)must take B)should have taken C)might have taken D)ought to take
25． When we reached the station,the train had not arrived;so we______． A)needed not to hurry B)needn’t have hurried C)need not to have hurried D)didn’t need to hurry
26． Most of the people in the group felt rather disappointed at their travelling abroad．They say that it ______better organized． A)might have been B)had been
C)had to be D)must have been
27． My sister wasn’t in Paris last month,so you______her there． A)might not have seen B)can’t have seen C)must not have seen D)shouldn’t have seen
28． I want to go to the grocery,but you______with me． A)need not to go B)don’t need go C)not need to go D)need not go
29． — The lecturer was a tall, thin man with white hair．
— Then it______Dr．Fell because he is short and fat．It______Dr．Jones;he is thin．
A)can’t be;must be
B)couldn’t have be;might have been C)must be;can’t be
D)can’t have been;must have been
30． I wonder why they haven’t arrived yet．I told them how to get here but perhaps I ______them a map．
A)should give B)had to give C)ought to have given D)must have given
31． — Martin is taking pictures of wild animals． — Oh,no．He______killed．
A)might be B)might have been
C)must be D)would probably have been
32． You______me because I didn’t say anything like that． A)must misunderstand B)may misunderstand
C)could have misunderstand D)must have misunderstood 33． No one______that to his face． A)dares say B)dares saying C)dare say D)dare to say
34． Some people think that if you can’t say something nice about a person,then you______anything at all．
A)mustn’t have said B)shouldn’t say C)needn’t have said D)wouldn’t say
35． — Do you believe that James will apologize to Mary? — I don’t know．He______． A)should B)would C)ought D)will
36．Mr Jones,_______you tell me what has happened? A) may B) must C) might D) could
37．As it turned out to be a small party,we ________up so formally． A) needn’t dress B) didn’t need have dressed C) did not need dress D) needn’t have dressed
38． I’m sorry I couldn’t get in touch with him before he left．I ______ him earlier．
A) had a telephone B) have phoned C) should have phoned D) should be phoned
39． He was a good swimmer so he_______swim to the riverbank when the boat sank． A) could B) might
C) succeeded to D) was able to
40． You_______read that article if you don’t want to． A) haven’t B) can’t C)mustn’t D)needn’t
第九讲不定式
I.学习重点
不定式(短语)的句法功能 不定式的时态 不定式的语态
不定式和疑问词连用 不定式的复合结构
省略[WTHZ]to[WT]的不定式
Ⅱ．重点讲解
不定式是非限定动词的一种形式，它是由“to+动词原形”构成的。to是不定式的符号，本 身没有意义。不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能单独作谓语。不定式具有名词、形 容词、副词的特征，同时也保留动词的某些特征。不定式和自己的宾语、状语构成不定式短 语，如：to learn English,to speak at the meeting。不定式的否定形式是在其前直接加 not或 never，如：not to be late,never to make such mistakes。不定式既然有动词的特征，当然也就有时态之分，有语态之别。
Ⅲ．自测题
1． They would rather______on with the house building than______it up． A)to go;to give B)go;give C)to go;give D)go;giving
2． If the work ______by the end of the month is delayed,the construction company will be fined．
A)will be completed
B)will have been completed C)to be completed D)being completed
3． Another manmade earth satellite is reported______orbit yesterday． A)to have been put into B)to have been put C)to be put into D)to put into
4． No matter how hard I searched,the receipt was nowhere______． A)to have found B)to be founded C)being found D)to be found
5． It is hard______the problem without others help． A)for him to solve B)that he might solve C)for him solving D)his solving
6． ______such an attitude is to seek truth from facts． A)People adopt B)While adopting C)Being adopted D)To adopt
7． Although he tries his best,much work______．
A)remains not done B)remain not to do
C)does not remain to be done D)remains still to be done 8． Some students find______．
A)boring to remember English words B)it to remember English words boring C)it boring to remember English words D)remember English words boring it
9． As a matter of fact,I thought______．
A)it not to criticize him bestB)best not to criticize him C)it best to not criticize himD)it best not to criticize him
10． Jones wants______a company by himself instead of ______his father’s． A)to open;taking over B)to open;take over C)opening;take over D)opening;taking over
11． On hearing the bad news,she could do nothing______． A)but crying B)while crying C)except cry D)only to cry
12． Rather than______any more,I decided to go home by taxi． A)my waiting B)to have waited C)waiting for D)wait
13． They don’t allow______in the room． A)to smoke B)us smoke
C)us to smoke D)to be smoked
14． The manager could do nothing______the secretary’s suggestion． A)only to agree to B)until agree to C)but agree to D)except agreeing to
15． Under the pressure of policemen,the criminal______confess his guilt． A)could not only B)only to
C)could not but D)could not unless
16． The brave young man would rather die______． A)never surrender B)than surrender
C)without surrendering D)not to surrender
17． The companies can not choose______with each other． A)unless cooperate B)only cooperate C)but cooperate D)apart from cooperate 18． I have spent much time encouraging______． A)them reading B)that they read C)them to read D)their reading
19． Let’s hurry______be late for the party． A)in order to not B)to not
C)not to D)so as not to
20． I have enjoyed my visit here．I am very sorry______． A)to leave B)for leaving C)of leaving D)with leaving 21． Have you ever______a lie?
A)know me to tell B)knew me to tell C)know me tell D)known me tell 22． Did you notice the little boy______? A)took the candy and run away B)taking the candy and run away C)who take the candy and run away D)take the candy and run away 23． John______the report for him．
A)got his sister write B)had his sister write C)made his sister in writing D)let his sister to write 24． The farmhands were made______their work． A)done B)to be done C)to do D)do
25．He will______except lend you money．
A)do anything for you B)give you anything C)make everything for you D)lend you everything
26． He had nothing to ______the posters outside the house．