张静中学2016年高考英语新一轮复习精品（6）
专题一 语法填空
Passage 1
(2015·东北三省四市二模)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 As an old English saying goes, “honesty is the best policy”. It is more than an old cliche(陈词滥调)，but __1__ good way to live your life.
First, honesty is the __2__(easy) choice that we can make. When people get caught in lies, it always costs them something. Many relationships can be destroyed by lies.
Second, honesty gives us much __3__(free). Many people believe that being honest limits them in life, but that is not true. Sooner or later those dishonest people __4__(pay) a price for their acts; on the contrary, when we are honest, we are __5__(true) free. If there were two people __6__(stand) before you, a person with a record of being honest and a person __7__ is known to be dishonest, who would you be more likely __8__(believe)? I'm sure most people would side with the honest person. __9__ we live in the truth or we live in lies. Truth sets us free and lies leave us in nothing but more troubles. Honesty is a choice that we make each day. The choice is __10__(you). What will you choose? 1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______ 6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______ 文章大意：诚实是最好的策略。本文给出了解释。 1．命题立意：考查考生对上下文的理解和冠词的使用。 答案：a a表示“一种”。
2．命题立意：考生应能根据句式及语境正确运用形容词的最高级。 答案： easiest 前面的the决定只能用easiest。 3．命题立意：考生应能根据提示写出正确的名词形式。
答案：freedom 提示词前give much，需要free的名词形式，考查give somebody something 的用法。
4．命题立意：考查考生对一般将来时态的掌握。
答案：will pay sooner or later是“迟早”的意思，所以该空该用一般将来时态。 5．命题立意：考生应能根据语境正确运用所给词的适当形式。 答案： truly 修饰形容词应当用副词。因此判断为true的副词形式。 6．命题立意：考生应能根据语境正确运用所给词的适当形式。
答案：standing 此空在There were people后面，说明要用非谓语动词，根据动词stand与people 的逻辑关系确定用现在分词standing。
7．命题立意：考查考生对上下文的理解和关系代词的使用。
答案：who/that 定语从句先行词为人“person”且从句中缺少主语，所以应由who/that引导。
8．命题立意：考生应能根据语境正确运用所给词的适当形式。
答案：to believe 该空与be likely搭配使用，该用to do形式。be likely to do可能。 9．命题立意：考查考生对句意的理解及连词的使用。 答案：Either Either...or表示“要么??要么??”。
10．命题立意：考生应能在语篇理解的基础上，准确理解句子含义。
答案：yours 这就是你的选择，用名词性物主代词作表语，代表“your choice”。
Passage 2
(2015·东北三省三校第二次联合模拟)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Camels certainly like eating green grass, not dry grass. But __1__(strange), camels always keep looking for dry grass __2__ their stomachs are filled up. A classmate of __3__(Ⅰ) whose home is on the edge of Turpan Basin in Xinjiang told me his home has two camels; he said you could imagine a camel's appetite, for it can slowly swallow dozens of kilograms of hay(干草). I asked him __4__ camels eat hay, not green grass. He said the camel is a kind of animal with __5__ strong sense of suffering, __6__(fear) its master letting it travel through the desert the next day, and the hay in its stomach is more hunger-resistant __7__ green grass.
The camel has the best tolerance. Unfortunately, many people can only see a camel's outstanding performance, but few understand its __8__(prepare) made for it. Life, __9__ a camel traveling through the desert, __10__(need) the adequate accumulation, but not everyone can understand it.
1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______ 6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______
文章大意：本文解释了骆驼喜欢吃青草，但平时总在寻找干草的原因。 1．命题立意：考查词性辨认题。
答案：strangely 句意：但是奇怪地是，骆驼总是寻找干草??。根据语意可知这里应该用副词形式修饰整个句子。strangely奇怪地。
2．命题立意：考查连词辨析。
答案：until/till/before 根据空格前的一句话：骆驼当然喜欢吃绿草，而不是干草。但是奇怪的是，在骆驼把胃填满之前，总是寻找干草。因此答案填before。也可用till/until。
3．命题立意：考查代词辨析。
答案：mine 句意：我的一个同班同学。这里应该使用双重所有格。所以用名词性物主
代词mine，相当于my classmates。
4．命题立意：考查连词辨析题。
答案：why 句意：我问他骆驼为什么吃干草。why为什么，引导宾语从句。 5．命题立意：考查冠词辨析题。
答案：a 句意：骆驼是一种具有很强的忧患意识感的动物。a是不定冠词，表示泛指。再如：a sense of humor幽默感。
6．命题立意：考查动词形式辨析题。
答案：fearing 句意：他说骆驼是一种具有很强的忧患意识感的动物，害怕主人第二天让它穿越沙漠。fear动作的发出者跟前句的the camel一致，因此用fearing的形式。
7．命题立意：考查连词than的用法。
答案：than 句意：骆驼胃里的干草比绿草更能抵抗饥饿。more＋形容词＋than比??更??。
8．命题立意：考查名词辨析题。
答案：preparations 句意：但是几乎没人明白骆驼为它的杰出表现所做的准备。这里用名词复数preparations。
9．命题立意：考查介词辨析题。
答案：like 句意：生活，就像骆驼穿越沙漠??。like介词，像??。 10．命题立意：考查动词形式辨析题。
答案：needs 句意：生活，就像骆驼穿越沙漠，需要充足的积累，但是不是每个人都能理解。这里Life是主语，like a camel traveling through the desert 是插入语，因此动词need用第三人称单数needs。
Passage 3
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2015·甘肃省部分普通高中第一次联考)
The truth __1__ trees are vital to our life is not a secret. They provide us with food, wood and most __2__(important), oxygen. Now there is one more thing we can add to this list—blocking out harmful bacteria from water.
The discovery __3__(make) by a team __4__(consist) of scientists from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and high school students __5__ were seeking a natural water filter—one that would help communities in developing countries that do not have __6__(accessible) to modern water filter systems. The __7__(research), led by Professor Rohit Karnik, decided to turn to trees for help because they could allow liquid to flow through, while blocking out air bubbles.
They began by cutting 1.5-inch-wide sections of tree bark from the branches of a white pine tree. The people related then tested the wood's filtering ability by pouring water containing red dye
particles of different sizes through. __8__ their amazement, they found that it was effective in trapping all the articles. __9__(encourage), the team conducted __10__ experiment, this time with water that contained bacteria. Sure enough, the sapwood held back 99% of the bacteria, allowing only 1% to flow through.
1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______ 6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______
文章大意：树木作用巨大。最新研究表明，它们能去除水中的细菌。 1．命题立意：考查同位语从句。
答案：that 此处是同位语从句，又因为从句中不缺少成分，故选用从属连词that。 2．命题立意：考查形容词和副词的转换。
答案：importantly 此处most importantly是在修饰谓语动词provide，故用副词。句意为“他们为我们提供了食物和木头，更重要的是提供了氧气”。
3．命题立意：考查谓语动词的时态和语态。
答案：was made 此处指上文中的新发现是由一个被几个科学家组成的队伍做出的，the discovery和make之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。由本句话可知，用一般过去时。
4．命题立意：考查非谓语动词。
答案：consisting 此处是现在分词短语“consisting of scientists”作后置定语，修饰team。因为被修饰词team和consist之间是主谓关系，故用现在分词。
5．命题立意：考查定语从句。
答案：who/that 分析句子可知此处为who/that引导的定语从句，因为先行词是students，并且students在后面的定语从句中充当主语，故用who/that。
6．命题立意：考查形容词和名词的转换。
答案：access have access to，意思为“使用，接近，可以利用”，是固定搭配。 7．命题立意：考查动词和名词的转换。
答案：researchers 分析该句结构可知，谓语动词为decided，那么能发出这个动作的主语应该为researchers研究人员，研究者。
8．命题立意：考查介词。
答案：To to one's amazement，是固定结构，表示“令某人惊讶的是”。
举一反三：类似的用法有to one's delight，令人高兴的是， to one's relief，令人欣慰的等等。 “to ＋ one's ＋情感名词”是英语中一个十分有用的结构，主要表示某人由于某事的发生而唤起其内心的某种情感，通常译为“令某人??的是”“使某人感到??的是”。
9．命题立意：考查非谓语动词。
答案：Encouraged 此处为分词作状语，主语team与encourage之间是动宾关系，故选用过去分词“encouraged”。
10．命题立意：考查代词。
答案：another 根据上文可知关于此事做过实验，这次是除了上次以外的另一个实验，故用another，表示“另一个”。
Passage 4
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2015·佛山市二模)
When I was about ten years old, I remember my father coming into the room, looking terribly pleased with himself, to tell us that we were going to have __1__ brother or sister. It was really beyond our __2__(expect), so we were both taken aback. I was actually delighted, __3__ my brother was quite different. He was younger than me, and I don't think he was too impressed with the idea. He has a tendency to worry __4__ things, and I think he was terrified by the fact __5__ he might not be the center of attention all the time.
When the big day came, __6__(luck) there were problems, and my mother had to stay in hospital. My brother and I weren't allowed __7__(visit), and we all were worried and had no idea __8__ to do. We tried to calm each other down, but basically we were so upset that something awful __9__(happen). It all worked out well in the end though, and when I was finally able to see my little sister, I was happy to see __10__ was so tiny, and special. And we all love her to bits. 1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______ 6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______
文章大意：这是一篇英语故事阅读。作者主要讲述的是自己小时候家里添小妹妹的复杂和喜悦心情。
1．命题立意：考查限定词。
答案：another 根据前文的we说明家里不是作者一个孩子，再添一个，应用another。 2．命题立意：考查名词。
答案：expectation(s) 根据前文的beyond是介词，后跟名词作宾语，故判断填expectation(s)。
3．命题立意：考查连词。
答案：but 根据空前后是转折关系判断，故填but。 4．命题立意：考查介词。
答案：about worry about为??担心，故填about。 5．命题立意：考查同位语从句。
答案：that 根据空前的the fact事实，后面的从句说明fact的内容，不缺少成分，应用that引导。故填that。
6．命题立意：考查副词。
答案：unluckily 根据下文的problems判断是“不幸地”，应用副词修饰整个句子。故