up through small holes in the tables. Hot air in tubes under the floor kept readers' feet warm. When the new Reading Room opened, there was a party with drinks __7__ a large breakfast on the desks. You can imagine __8__ wonderful the new Reading Room is! Since then, many famous men __9__(write) there. And the readers can enjoy all kinds of books __10__(comfortable) in the new Reading Room.
1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______ 6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______
文章大意：本文是大不列颠博物馆开放阅览室的传记故事。 1．命题立意：考查非谓语动词用法。
答案： to read 根据came后跟不定式作目的状语，故填to read。 2．命题立意：考查形容词。
答案：crowded 根据空前是were判断应用形容词形式。故填crowded。 3．命题立意：考查固定短语。
答案： well 根据固定短语as well as“和??一样，而且”，故填well。 4．命题立意：考查名词所有格。
答案：of 根据rows和book之间的关系判断填of。 5．命题立意：考查代词用法。
答案：himself 根据句子的主语Panizzi判断，故填 himself。 6．命题立意：考查名词。
答案：bookshelves 空前的forty kilometers of，应用bookshelf的复数形式。故填bookshelves。
7．命题立意：考查连词用法。
答案：and 根据空前后的表语是并列关系，故填and。 8．命题立意：考查宾语从句。
答案： how 根据空后的wonderful可知应用how引导宾语从句，可知填how。 9．命题立意：考查时态。
答案：have written 根据前文的Since then判断应用现在完成时，故填have written。 10．命题立意：考查词形转换。
答案：comfortably 根据空前的enjoy判断应用副词修饰，故填comfortably。
Passage 17
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2015·开封市二模)
Humans like to live and work in groups.Language is the “cement”(胶合剂)__1__ holds these groups together.Language is part of culture.Culture, in this sense，__2__(mean) all those customs, skills, and attitudes that are part of the behavior of a __3__(particularly)group.What you think
__4__ what you want in life are all affected by the culture of the group in which you __5__(raise)．Groups of people live in different ways.They may have different skills, organizations, and art forms.Their family life may be completely different from yours.
Human beings are inventive animals.They can decide to change their cultures in order to meet various __6__(situation)．Of all living things, human beings are the __7__(clever)．They can choose __8__(live) in many environments and in a wide variety of ways.Only human beings can choose where and how they want to live and then improve the physical environment to help __9__(they)realize these choices. Acquiring the wisdom to make wise choices __10__(be)the lasting challenge of being human.
1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______ 6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______
文章大意：本文是一说明文。作者主要说明人需要与人合作的原因和好处。 1．命题立意：考查定语从句。
答案：that/which 空后的从句中缺少主语，空前是表示物的名词，故填that/which。 2．命题立意：考查动词。
答案：means 根据语境应用一般现在时，主语是culture，应用谓语动词的单数第三人称形式。故填means。
3．命题立意：考查形容词。
答案：particular 空后是名词，空前是冠词，应用形容词。故填particular。 4．命题立意：考查连词用法。
答案：and 根据前后句的关系判断填and。 5．命题立意：考查时态和语态。
答案：are raised 根据语境应用一般现在时，you是raise的动作承受者，raise“养育”。故填are raised。
6．命题立意：考查名词。
答案：situations 根据空前的various“各种各样的”，应用名词复数形式。故填situations。
7．命题立意：考查形容词用法。
答案：cleverest/most clever 根据空前的of短语，表示范围，应用形容词的最高级。故填cleverest/most clever。
8．命题立意：考查非谓语动词。
答案：to live choose“选择”，后跟不定式，可知填to live。 9．命题立意：考查代词用法。
答案：themselves 根据前文的主语they判断填反身代词themselves。
10．命题立意：考查主谓一致。
答案：is 该句的主语是acquiring短语，谓语动词用单数第三人称，故填is。
Passage 18
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2015·洛阳市二模)
How do learning habits influence learning results? It's useful and necessary to discuss learning habits. There is a famous __1__(say)“Good habits lead to good endings”， which shows the importance of habits.
“An apple a day keeps the doctor away.” also __2__(show) a healthy everyday habit helps to build up our body. Thus, good learning habits can help us gain great learning results, high scores and abundant knowledge __3__(include). At first, learning habits form our ways of thinking and __4__(attitude) to the content of our learning. __5__(obvious), a good habit can help us to speed up to reach our destinations. As we can see, developing a good habit is so important that I would like to introduce one kind of good learning habits—keeping __6__ learning diary every day. We can start the habit by __7__(write)a learning summary and remember to record something impressive and meaningful. Keep it in mind, __8__ gradually we can gain this good learning habit and benefit from it.
What's __9__(much), I find out that I still have some bad learning habits __10__ well. I can only concentrate on reading for a short time, and I will conquer this problem by spending more efforts on concentration practice.
I believe that through my efforts, I can gain good learning results by having good habits. 1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______ 6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______
文章大意：这是用谚语来说明好的学习习惯的重要性，有利于提高学习效果。 1．命题立意：考查名词。
答案：saying a famous saying名言。只能用say的名词形式，故填saying。 2．命题立意：考查动词。
答案：shows 句子的主语是“An apple a day keeps the doctor away.”，谓语动词应用单三形式，故填shows。
3．命题立意：考查分词。
答案：included knowledge是include的动作承受者，应用过去分词，应填included。 4．命题立意：考查名词。
答案：attitudes 根据前文的ways，可知这里需要attitude也用复数形式，故填attitudes。 5．命题立意：考查副词。
答案：Obviously 此处需要副词作状语，故填obviously。 6．命题立意：考查冠词。
答案：a 下文的diary是可数名词，其前应加不定冠词。keep a diary记日记。故填a。 7．命题立意：考查非谓语动词。
答案：writing by writing通过写??，在句中作方式状语。故填writing。 8．命题立意：考查连词。
答案：and 空前后分句是并列句，故填and。 9．命题立意：考查插入语。
答案：more what's more更重要的是，常常作插入语。故填more。 10．命题立意：考查固定短语。
答案：as as well也，常放在句尾。故填as。
Passage 19
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2015·郑州市第二次质量预测)
Two weeks before Christmas，two little girls were walking down the street __1__ they saw old Harry，who was on his knees pulling weeds from around a tree. He wore a pair of worn gloves.His fingers were sticking out __2__ the ends，blue from the cold. They stopped to talk to him.
Harry told them he __3__(get) the yard in shape as a Christmas gift for his mother，who had died several years before.“My mother was all I had. She loved her yard and trees，so I do this for her every Christmas.”
His words touched the girls and soon they __4__(join) him，pulling weeds. When they finished，Harry pressed a coin into each of their hands.“I wish I could pay you more，but that's all I've got right now，”he said.
The girls had often passed his house，and they remembered that it had always been __5__poor condition. No decorations to add cheeriness were anywhere in sight.
As they walked on，the coin in one little girl's hand seemed to burn a hole of __6__(guilty)．The next day she called her friends__7__ they agreed to put their coins in a jar marked“Harry's Christmas Gift”．Then they began to seek out small jobs to earn more.Every coin they earned went into the jar.
Finally，they had enough __8__(buy)new gloves. Christmas Eve found them on Harry's doorstep singing carols. They presented him with the gloves. With __9__(tremble)hands，he held the gloves to his face and wept. No doubt he once again felt __10__ love of others as the girls reached out to him.
1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______ 6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______
文章大意：这是一篇圣诞故事。圣诞节前两个小女孩帮助Harry实现了他的圣诞梦想的
故事。
1．命题立意：考查状语从句。
答案：when be doing...when...正在??就在这时??。故填when。 2．命题立意：考查介词。
答案：of stick out of伸出。故填of。 3．命题立意：考查时态。
答案：was getting/would get 此处是宾语从句的时态，主句的谓语动词用的是过去时，从句也应该用相应的过去时，get动作发生在主句谓语动词动作的将来，应用过去将来时。故填was getting/would get。
4．命题立意：考查动词。
答案：joined and前后并列句，join的动作也应该是发生在过去。故填joined。 5．命题立意：考查介词。
答案：in in poor condition状况不好。故填in。 6．命题立意：考查名词。
答案：guilt 空前是介词of。故填名词形式guilt。 7．命题立意：考查连词。
答案：and 空前后两分句是并列关系。故填and。 8．命题立意：考查非谓语动词。
答案：to buy have enough to do sth.有足够的(钱)做某事。故填to buy。 9．命题立意：考查非谓语动词。
答案：trembling hands是tremble的动作执行者且动作正在进行。故填trembling。 10．命题立意：考查冠词。
答案：the 根据love后起限定作用的of短语，可知love应特指。故填the。
Passage 20
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2015·黑龙江佳木斯重点中学一模)
Everyone has his own way of saying things and his own special expressions. Many everyday American expressions are based __1__ colors. Red is a hot color. Americans often use __2__ to express heat. They may say they are red hot about something unfair. When they are red hot they are very __3__(anger) about something. The small hot tasting peppers found in many Mexican foods __4__(call) red hots for their color and their spicy taste. Fast loud music is popular with many people. They may say the music is red hot, __5__(especial) the kind called Dixieland jazz. Pink is a __6__(light) kind of red. People sometimes say they are in the pink __7__ they are in good health. The expression was first used in America at the beginning of the __8__(twenty) century. It probably comes from the fact that many babies are born with a nice pink color __9__