You used to get up early, usedn’t / didn’t you?
? 陈述部分是“there + be”结构时，反问部分用there There is something wrong with you, isn’t there?
? 陈述部分有must 时，疑问部分根据实际情况而定。 He must be a doctor, isn’t he?
You must have been there, haven’t you? He must have finished it yesterday, didn’t he? ? 祈使句的反意疑问句 Don’t do that again, will you? Go with me, will you/won't you?
Let’s go and listen to the music, shall we?
Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you?
? 否定前缀不能视为否定词，其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。 It is impossible, isn’t it? 3. 祈使句
提出请求，建议或发出命令，用以表达命令、要求、请求、叮嘱、邀请、劝告等，谓语动词用动词原形，主语通常不表示出来。 Sit down, please. Don't be nervous! Do be careful.（强调）
Let’s have another try，shall we/shan’t we? Let us have another try，will you/won’t you? Don’t be standing in the rain. 4. 感叹句
表示说话人惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等情绪。
感叹句通常有what, how引导，表示赞美、惊叹、喜悦等感情。
what修饰名词，how 修饰形容词，副词或动词，感叹句结构主要有以下几种： ? How + 形容词 + a + 名词+陈述语序 How clever a boy he is!
? How + 形容词或副词 + 陈述语序 How lovely the baby is!/How fast he ran! ? What + a + 形容词 + 名词 + 陈述语序 What a clever boy he is!
? What + 形容词 + 复数名词 + 陈述语序What wonderful ideas (we have)! What + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + 陈述语序What cold weather it is! 作业
情境活用 说出下列各划线部分的句子种类
Comedian David Brenner came from a poor but close family. When he graduated from his school, however, he was given an unforgettable gift. “Some of my friends got new clothes and a few rich kids even got new cars,” he remembers. “My father reached into his pant pocket and took something out. I extended my hand, palm up, and he let my present drop into it—a nickel.”Do you think it’s a great gift? Dad said to me, “Buy a newspaper with that. Read every word of it. Then turn to the classified section and get yourself a job. Get into the world. It’s all yours now.”
“I always thought that was a great joke my father had played on me until a few years later
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when I was in the army, sitting in a foxhole and thinking about my family and my life. It was not until then that I realized that my friends had gotten only new cars, or only clothes. My father had given me the whole world. What a great gift!”
“What gift do you want when you graduate from your school, dear friends?”
第5 课 高初中衔接材料
时态和语态
【教学目标】
1．区分几种主要的时态、语态
2．学会在正确的场合使用正确的时态、语态
3．介绍高中英语常用的几种时态，如现在完成进行时、将来进行时
【学习指导】
一、一般现在时 / 一般过去时
1. 一般现在时态用来表示经常性,习惯性的动作;或现在的状态、特征和真理。常有often, usually, sometimes, always,及every等时间状语。Classes begin at 8 every day. She looks tired.
2.一般过去时是过去时间发生的或过去经常性的动作常有的时间状语有：just now, yesterday, last week, an hour ago或when 等引导的含过去时的句子等。 We saw a film last night.
When I moved here, I met a friend. 二．现在进行时/过去进行时
1．现在进行时表示现在正在进行或继续的动作。与它连用的时间状语有：now, right now, at the moment或look, listen , It’s ?(时间)等。 We are having a class now.
2． 过去进行时表示在过去的某一时刻或某一时间段正在进行的动作. 时间状语如：at this
time last night, when I saw him, while I was watching TV, from seven to nine等。 I was playing tennis at 9 am yesterday. 三．一般将来时/ 过去将来时
1． 一般将来时表示将来的动作、状态、存在等。常用时间状语：tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next year ,in a few days等。
构成：will/shall+动词原型 am/is/are going to+动词原型 I am going to buy a computer next month. I will call you as soon as I get to Beijing.
2. 过去将来时表示过去时间段内即将发生的动作等。
构成：would/should+动词原型 was/were+ going to+动词原型 四．过去将来时
例： 他说他明天要去北京度假.
He said he would go on a trip to Beijing tomorrow. 五. 现在完成时的进行式
这雨已经下了好几天了.看起来还会下几天.
It has been raining for several days. It seems that it will rain for another few days. 六. 过去完成时的进行式
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They had been fighting against the flood for weeks 七． 时态 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般将来时 现在进行时 过去进行时 将来进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 过去将来时 将来完成时 主动语态结构 do/does( is /am/ are) did (was/ were) will do/ be going to do is/ am / are doing was/ were doing will be doing have/ has done had done would do will have done 四．被动语态
当不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁，或强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者，我们使用被动语态。由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。 以teach为例：
? 一般现在时：am／is／are＋taught ? 一般过去时：was／were＋taught ? 一般将来时：will／shall be＋taught ? 现在进行时：am／is／are being＋taught ? 过去进行时：have／has been＋taught ? 现在完成时：have／has been＋taught 时态 一般现在时 一般过去时 现在进行时 过去进行时 一般将来时 过去将来时 现在完成时
被动语态结构 am/is/are done was/were done am/is/are being done was/were being done shall/will be done would be done have/has been done
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过去完成时 had been done 【巩固练习】 选择。
( )1. They usually_____ TV in the evening.
A. will watch B. watch C. are watching D. watches ( ) 2. She will go if it ___ tomorrow.
A. isn't rain B. don't rain C. doesn't rain D. didn't rain ( ) 3. I ____ very hard when I was young.
A. study B. studied C. had studied D. shall study ( ) 4.The train from Tianjin ___ an hour ago.
A. arrived at B. has arrived C. was arriving D. arrived ( ) 5. Look! The children___ kites over there.
A. flew B. Fly C. are flying D. were flying ( )6. _ your mother _ shopping at the moment?
A. Are; doing B. Is; doing C. Is; taking D. Are; taking ( ) 7. What ___ she___ when I entered?
A. is; doing B. does; do C. was; doing D. did; do ( ) 8. Which car __ he __ when the accident happened?
A. is; repairing B. was; repairing C. did; repair D. does; repair ( ) 9. My family ____to stay in London for some time.
A. is going B. are going C. Go D. are go
( ) 10. There is going to___ a volleyball match on our school playground. A. have B. be C. been D. is ( ) 11. She didn't tell me whether she ___ back early or late.
A. comes B. will come C. is coming D. would come ( ) 12. He ___ in our school for 20 years and he ___ here in 1977. A. has taught; came B. has taught; has come C. taught; came D. has teached; has came ( ) 13. They are late. The film __ for five minutes.
A. has begun B. has started C. has been on D. began ( ) 14. Her grandpa___ for three years.
A. has been dead B. has died C. had been dead D. died ( )15. Before we got to the railway station, the train___ already.
A. went out B. had gone C. has gone D. has arrived ( )16. The film _ when I ___ to the cinema.
A. has begun; get B. had begun; got C. has been on; get D. had been on; got 翻译句子。
1. 我不知道他何时回来.如果他回来后,我会告诉他你已经到了.
2.我正在写信. 你能否把收音机关小一点?
3.你买这车有多久了?
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4.当警察来时,小偷已经跑了.
5. 当我去拜访小王时,他正在看电视。
改错。
1．Two boys hurt while playing a ball．
2．The singer lived in London until he was sending to university． 3． How long do you think the meeting will be lasted? 4．A fire was broken out last night．
5．He had to travel by bus as his car was damaged in an accident a few days before． 6．The large building that is now built will be a hospital． 7．Class is begun at 7:30 every day． 8．His plan is sounded good． 9．Your coat needs being washed．
时态与语态练习（1）
1. They _____ friends since they met in Shanghai.
A. have made B. have become C. have been D. have had 2. The secretary is going to report to the manager as soon as he ______.
A. will arrive B. arrives C. is going to arrive D. is arriving 3. We all know that ice ______.
A. feel cold B. is felt sold C. is feeling cold D. feels cold 4. ---This cloth _____ well and _____ long. --- OK. I’ll take it.
A. washes ; lasts B. is washed; lasted C. washes, is lasted D. is washing, lasting 5. ---Is this raincoat yours? --- No, mine ______ there behind the door. A. is hanging B. hangs C. has been hanged D. hung
6. Helen _____ her key in the office so she had to wait until her husband _____ home.
A. has left; comes B. left; had come C. had left; came D. had left; would come 7. It _____ every day so far this week.
A. is raining B. rained C. rains D. has been raining 8. In ancient days（古代）the earth ______ to be flat.
A. is believed B. was believed C. has believed D. believed 9. --- Are you going to the movies tonight? --- Yes, I ______ my work by that time.
A. will finish B. finish C. am going to finish D. will have finished 10. --- Was the driving pleasant when you vacationed in Mexico last summer? --- No, it _____ for four days when we arrived, so the roads were very muddy. A. was raining B. would be raining C. had been raining D. has rained 11. However much _____, it will be worth it
A. does the watch cost B. costs the watch C. the watch will cost D. the watch costs
12. If the dog wins tomorrow, he _____ sixteen races in the past three years. A. has won B. will win C. will have won D. would have won 13. I decided to go to the library as soon as I _______.
A. finish what I did B. finished what I did
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