物 They talked for about an hour of things and 先 行词分别表示人关系代词要用persons that they remember in the school. 和物，他们谈起他们所记得起的学校里的人和事，that，不用who或谈了大约有半个小时。 which 先行词表示物，关系I’ll tell you all(that )I know about it . 我要告诉你我所知道这件事的一切情况。 代词用that不用Is there anything (that) I can do for you? 有什么我可以帮助做的事吗？ I’ve brought everything (that )you need. 我把你需要的东西都拿来了。 which, 在从句中做宾语可省去 。如果先行词是人时，关系代词不受制约，用that或who (whom) 均可 that all, little much和 some,an y every ,n o 构成 的合成 代词 人 或 物 定 语 从 句 人 that that This is the best film that I have seen . 这是我看过的最好的一部电影。 The first place that we’ll visit is Beijing 先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰Library. 我们要参观的第一个地方是北京图书馆 时定语从句用that引导。 He is the only person that is believable. 他是唯一可靠的人。 先行词被the only, the very,the same John is the very person that she wants to see. 等修饰时用关系代约翰正是她要见的人。 词that. Who is the man that is talking with Tom ? 正在和汤姆谈话的人是谁？ 或 物 时 间 Which of the books that you bought is easy to 当主句以who、read? which开头的特殊疑你买的那些书中哪一本容易读。 问句时，定语从句要用that when He came at a time when we. needed him 在定语从句中作时间状语 most.他在我们最需要的时候来了。 We’ll never forget the day when the People’s Republic of China was founded. 我们永远不会忘记中华人民共和国成立的那一天。
注：先行词是time, minute, moment, next tim很少用关系副词when,可用that 但通常省去。 where This is the room where he put up for the 在定语从句中作地点状语 地点 原因 理由 why night. 这就是他渡过夜晚的那房子。 I know the reason why she studies so 在定语从句中作原因状语 well . 我知道她学习好的原因。 26
（2）非限制性定语从句 种类 先行词 关联词 非 限 制 性 定 语 从 句 人 物 who whom 例 句 说 明 George ,who is my classmate, who, whom不能省去，也不能用has won a scholarship. that代替 乔治获得了奖学金，他是我的同 学。 Dr. Li , whom I know very well, will come here tomorrow. 李大夫明天将来这儿，我跟他很 熟悉。 which I gave him a New Year which指物，不可省去，也不能 card ,which he enjoyed very 用that代替 much. 我给他一张贺年卡，他很喜欢它。 没有固which He studies hard at school when which作主语指它前面的整个句定的先 he was young, which leads to his 子，不可用that代替，强调结果。 行词而 是一个 句子 as success in his later life . 他年轻时在校学习努力，这导致 了他后来生活中的成功。 He gets up early ，as is always as指全句，在从句中做主语。 his habit. 他总是早起床，这是他的习惯。 John was admitted into the as指全句意思，在从句中做宾语。 college, as we had expected. 约翰被大学录取了，这是我们期 待的。 as引导的定语从句可以放在句The earth ,as is known to all ,is 首，句中或句末。 round. 人人皆知，地球是圆的。 This is the same book as I lost 用于the same? as, such? yesterday. as ,as?as等结构中。 这本书与我昨天丢失的那本书一样。
（3）限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别
从句与先行词的关系 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 从句是先行词不可缺少的定从句只是对先行词的附加说语，如果省去，主句的意思就明，如果省去,主句的意思仍然会不完整或不明确。 清楚或完整 标 点 从句和主句之间不用逗号分从句和主句之间通常用逗号开 分开 27
关 系 代 词 指人who (that) whom 指物which (that) 指人who（作主语）whom（做宾语） 人和物whose 指物which 关系代词在从句中作宾语时人和物的whose 可以省去 关系代词一般不可省 修饰 翻译 【专项训练】
从句只修饰一个名词或代词 可以修饰一个名词或代词也可修饰整个主句 定语从句译在被修饰词的前定语从句通常被译成另一个面 独立的句子 1．Football is a very interesting game , is played all over the world． A．that B．which C．it D．who 2．Is there anything else you require?
A．which B．that C．who D．what 3．The last place we visited was the Great Wall．
A．which B．that C．where D．it
4．He talked happily about the men and books interested him greatly in the school． A．which
B．who C．it D．that
B．that C．it
D．whom
5．The reailway tunnel,though the train goes, will be completed soon． A．which
6．His uncle works in a factory bicycles are made． A．that B．which C．where D．there 7．There is no dictionary you can find everything． A．that B．which C．where D．in that 8．Next month, you’ll spend in your hometown is coming． A．which B．that C．when D．where
9．Next month, you’ll be in your hometown is coming． A．which B．that C．when D．where 10．I often thought of my childhood , I lived on a farm． A．which B．where C．when D．who 11．He wanted to know the time he needed to know ． A．that B．when C．where D．what 12．There isn’t so much noise in the country in big cities．
A．that B．which C．where D．as
13．They could only read such stories had been rewritten in simple English ． A．that B．which C．as D．what
14．The stems of bamboo are hollow makes them very light． A．which
B．as C．that
D．it
15．Crusoe’s dog hecame ill and died , made him very lonely ． A．as B．which C．that D．this 16．They’ve invited me to their party , is kind of them． A．as B．which C．That D．this
28
17． we know now ,bats come out only at night ． A．As B．Which C ．That D．What 18．John got beaten in the game , had been expected ． A．as B．that C．what D．who
19． has been said above ,grammar is a set of dead rules． A．Which B．What C．That D．As 20．Do you know the reason he was late? A．that B．which C．for what D．for which 21．He built a telescope he could study the skies． A．in which B．with that C．through which D．by it 22．I have bought two ballpens , writes well ．
A．none of which B．neither of which C．none of them D．neither of them 23．There are two thousand students in our school , are girls ．
A．of whom two thirds B．two -thirds of them C．two -third in them D．two -thirds in which 24．Do you know the man ? A．whom I spoke
B．to who I spoke C．I spoke to
D．that I spoke
25．The factory we’ll visit next week isn’t far from here ． A．where B．in which C．which D．to which 26．This is one of the best films this year．
A．have been shown B．that have shown C．that have been shown 27．Can you lend me the book the other day ?
A．you talked about B．about that you talked C．that you talked D．which you talked 28．Is there any one in you class family is in the city ． A．who B．who’s C．which D．whose 29．I’ll never forget the days we stayed together． A．when B．in which C．which D．what 30．Is some German friends visited last week ? A．this school B．this the school C．this school one D．this school where 31．I’ll tell you he told me last month ． A．all which B．all what C．that all D．all
32．Do you know the reason she got so angry yesterday? A．for why B．for that C．which D．why 33．I still remember the day she first wore that pink dress．
A．which B．in which C．on that D．on which 34．I’ll show you a store you may buy all you need ． A．in which , / B．where , which C．which , that D．that , that 35．Winter is the time of year the days are short and nights are long． A．where B．when C．that D．on which 36．The train she was travelling was late． A．which B．on which C．for which A．during which
B．in that C．where
D．on that
D．which has been shown
37．The second World War millions of people were killed ended in 1945．
D．on which
38．Is oxygen the only gas helps fire burn ? A．that B．/ C．which D．it 39．This is the best hotel in the city I know ． A．which
B．that C．where
D．it
29
40．I’ve read all the books were borrowed from the library ． A．that B．/ C．which D．they
41．The scientist and his achievements you told me about are admired by us all． A．which B．who C．that D．whose 42．She hasn’t got enough money to buy the rings ． A．which B．that C．with which D．for which 43．Finally came the day he bad to beging his study for the next term． A．which B．since C．that D．till 44．We hope to get such a tool he is using ． A．which B．as C．that D．where 45．Is there anything to you ．
A．that is belonged B．that belongs C．which belongs 46．You can take any seat is free ．
A．which B．where C．that D．in which
47．The old woman has two sons ,one is a teacher． A．of them B．of which C．of whom D．of who
48．My hometown is no longer the same it used to be ． A．which B．as C．that D．like 49．You may take anything useful ． A．you want B．what you want C．you want them 50．He tore up my photo and upset me ． A．that
B．it C．which
D．what
51．During the days , he worked as a servant at the Browns． A．followed B．following C．to follow D．that followed
52．The beautiful dress Miss Jones went to the ball was borrowed from a friend of hers ．
D．which you want D．that belong
A．that B．wearing which C．worn by D．in which 53．The clever boy made a hole in the wall , he could see what was going on inside the house．
A．in which B．through which C．at which D．on which 54．The brave man , the tiger was shor is a good bunter． A．by which B．by whom C．by that D．of whom 55．The knife we used to cut the bread is very sharp ．
D．which 7 C 17 A 27 A 37 A 47C
8 A 18 A 28 D 38 A 48 B
9 C 19 D 29 A 39 B 49 A
10 C 20 D 30 B 40 A 50A
A．with which B．with it C．with that 【答案】： 1 B 11 A 21 C 31 D 41 C 51 D
2 B 12 D 22 B 32 D 42 C 52 D
3 B 13 C 23 A 33 D 43 C 53 B
4 D 14 A 24 C 34 A 44 B 54 B
5 A 15 B 25 C 35 B 45 B 55 A
6 C 16 B 26 C 36 B 46 C
八、名词性从句 知识要点：
1、熟悉并掌握各个连接词、关系代词和连接副词的用法。
2、熟悉并掌握复合句即名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句），定语从句和状语从句。
什么叫复合句：由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子叫复合句。在复合句中主句是全句的主体，
30