2002年考研英语（一）
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74) But that, Pearson points out, is only the start of man-machine integration: “It will be the beginning of the long process of integration that will ultimately lead to a fully electronic human before the end of the next century.” 74. 但皮尔森指出，这个突破仅仅是人机一体化的开始：“它是人机一体化漫长之路的第一
步，最终会使人们在下世纪末之前就研制出完全电子化的仿真人。”
75) And home appliances will also become so smart that controlling and operating them will result in the breakout of a new psychological disorder -- kitchen rage. 75. 家用电器将会变得如此智能化，以至于控制和操作它们会引发一种新的心理疾病 -- 厨
房狂躁。
2002年考研英语（一）
61) One difficulty is that almost all of what is called behavioral science continues to trace behavior to states of mind, feelings, traits of character, human nature, and so on. 61. 难题在于所谓的行为科学几乎全都依然从心态、情感、性格特征、人性等方面去寻找行
为的根源。
62)The behavioral sciences have been slow to change partly because the explanatory items often seem to be directly observed and partly because other kinds of explanations have been hard to find. 62. 行为科学之所以发展缓慢，部分原因是用来解释行为的依据似乎往往是直接观察到的，
部分原因是其他的解释方式一直难以找到。
63）The role of natural selection in evolution was formulated only a little more than a hundred years ago, and the selective role of theenvironment in shaping and maintaining the behavior of the individual is only beginning to be recognized and studied. 63. 自然选择在进化中的作用仅在一百多年前才得以阐明，而环境在塑造和保持个体行为时
的选择作用则刚刚开始被认识和研究。
2003年考研英语（一）
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64）They are the possessions of the autonomous (self-governing) man of traditional theory, and they are essential to practices in which a person is held responsible for his conduct and given credit for his achievements. 64. 自由和尊严 (它们) 是传统理论定义的自主人所拥有的，是要求一个人对自己的行为负
责并因其业绩而给予肯定的必不可少的前提。
65) Until these issues are resolved, a technology of behavior will continue to be rejected, and with it possibly the only way to solve our problems. 65. (如果) 这些问题得不到解决，研究行为的技术手段就会继续受到排斥，解决问题的唯
一方式可能也随之继续受到排斥。
2003年考研英语（一）
61) Furthermore, humans have the ability to modify the environment in which they live, thus subjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies. 61. 而且，人类还有能力改变自己的生存环境，从而是让所有其它形态的生命服从人类自己
独特的想法和想象。
62) Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry which seeks to study humans and their endeavors in the same reasoned, orderly, systematic, and dispassioned manner that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena. 62. 社会科学是知识探索的一个分支，它力图像自然科学家研究自然现象那样，用理性的、
有序的、系统的和冷静的方式研究人类及其行为。
63) The emphasis on data gathered first-hand, combined with a cross-cultural perspective brought to the analysis of cultures past and present, makes this study a unique and distinctly important social science. 63. 强调收集第一手资料，加上在分析过去和现在文化形态时采用跨文化视角，使得这一研
究成为一门独特并且非常重要的社会科学。
2004年考研英语（一）
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64) Tylor defined culture as “… that complex whole which includes belief, art, morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society.”
64. 泰勒把文化定义为“??一个复合整体，它包括人作为社会成员所获得的信仰、艺术、
道德、法律、风俗以及其它能力和习惯”。
65) Thus, the anthropological concept of “culture,” like the concept of “set” in mathematics, is an abstract concept which makes possible immense amounts of concrete research and understanding. 65. 因此，人类学中“文化”概念就像数学中“集”的概念一样，是一个抽象概念，它使大
量的具体研究和认识成为可能。
2004年考研英语（一）
61) The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought, which took root in Europe long before people realized how diverse languages could be. 61. 希腊人认为, 语言结构与思维过程之间存在着某种联系。这一观点在人们尚未认识到语
言的千差万别以前就早已在欧洲扎下了根。
62) We are obliged to them because some of these languages have since vanished, as the peoples who spoke them died out or became assimilated and lost their native languages. 62. 我们之所有感激他们 (两位先驱), 是因为在此之后, 这些 (土著) 语言中有一些已经不
复存在了, 这是由于说这些语言的部族或是消亡了, 或是被同化而丧失了自己的本族语言。
63) The newly described languages were often so strikingly different from the well studied languages of Europe and Southeast Asia that some scholars even accused Boas and Sapir of fabricating their data. 63. 这些新近被描述的语言与已经得到充分研究的欧洲和东南亚地区的语言往往差别显著,
以至于有些学者甚至指责Boas和Sapir编造了材料。
64) Being interested in the relationship of language and thought, Whorf developed the idea that the structure of language determines the structure of habitual thought in a society. 2005年考研英语（一）
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64. Whorf对语言与思维的关系很感兴趣, 逐渐形成了这样的观点：在一个社会中, 语言的
结构决定习惯思维的结构。
65) Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism which, in its strongest form, states that language imprisons the mind, and that the grammatical patterns in a language can produce far-reaching consequences for the culture of a society. 65. Whorf进而相信某种类似语言决定论的观点, 其极端说法是：语言禁锢思维, 语言的语
法结构能对一个社会的文化产生深远的影响。
2005年考研英语（一）
46) Television is one of the means by which these feelings are created and conveyed -- and perhaps never before has it served so much to connect different peoples and nations as in the recent events in Europe. 46. 电视是创造和传递感情的手段之一。也许在此之前，就加强不同的民族和国家之间的联
系而言，电视还从来没有像在最近的欧洲事件中起过如此大的作用。
47) In Europe, as elsewhere, multi-media groups have been increasingly successful: groups which bring together television, radio, newspapers, magazines and publishing houses that work in relation to one another. 47. 多媒体集团在欧洲就像在其他地方一样越来越成功了。这些集团把相互关系密切的电视
台、电台、报纸、杂志、出版社整合到了一起。
48) This alone demonstrates that the television business is not an easy world to survive in, a fact underlined by statistics that show that out of eighty European television networks, no less than 50% took a loss in 1989. 48. 仅这一点就表明在电视行业不是一个容易生存的领域。这个事实通过统计数字一目了然，
统计表明在80家欧洲电视网中1989年出现亏损的不少于50%。
49) Creating a “European identity” that respects the different cultures and traditions which go to make up the connecting fabric of the Old Continent is no easy task and demands a strategic choice 49. 创造一个尊重不同文化和传统的“欧洲统一体”绝非易事，需要战略性选择。正是这些
文化和传统组成了连接欧洲大陆的纽带。
2006年考研英语（一）
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50) In dealing with a challenge on such a scale, it is no exaggeration to say “United we stand, divided we fall” 50. 在应付一个如此规模的挑战过程中，我们可以毫不夸张地说，“团结，我们就会站起来；
分裂，我们就会倒下去。”
2006年考研英语（一）
46) I shall define him as an individual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in a Socratic (苏格拉底) way about moral problems. 46．我将他定义为一个对道德问题进行苏格拉底式思考并将此作为自己人生首要责任和快乐
的人。
47) His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision. 47．他的职责与法官相似，必须承担这样的责任：用尽可能明了的方式来展示自己做出决定
的推理过程。
48) I have excluded him because, while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems, he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems. 48．我之所以把他（普通科学家）排除在外，是因为尽管他的成果可能会有助于解决道德问
题，但他承担的任务只不过是研究这些问题的事实方面。
49）But his primary task is not to think about the moral code which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business. 49．但是，他的首要任务并不是考虑支配自己行为的道德规范，就如同不能指望商人专注于
探索行业规范一样。
50）They may teach very well and more than earn their salaries, but most of them make little or no