此类题考查小朋友的词汇知识,cup解释为杯子,pan是平底锅的意思,tray解释为托盘。因此应该选择A杯子
Drink up 是动副词组,解释为喝光
55 I saw a snake the grass in the park yesterday. A on B between C in
草丛里,in the grass 选A, 介词的搭配也是容易忽视的考点之一
冠词 不定冠词 定冠词
一 不定冠词a/an用于可数名词单数前/固定搭配 an
1用于元音音素开头的单词前
比如an apple, an orange, an ear, an eye, an arm, an uncle, an aunt, an English book, an American girl,
an envelope, an idea, an owl, an artist, an art-lesson, an exercise-book, an office-lady, an eraser, an overcoat,an elephant,an ant, an airport...
2有许多字母也是元音音素开头
比如要表示 单词little当中有个字母l :There is an “l”in the word “little”. 元音音素开头的单词有:“a”, “e”, “f”, “h”, “i”, “l”, “m”, “n”, “o”, “s”, “x” a
1用于半元音音素或者辅音音素开头的单词前
比如a university student 虽然是元音字母u,有很多小朋友会选择an ,其实university的u的发音是半元音,因此用a
2用于一些固定搭配
a great deal of(用于不可数名词前)大量
a lot of (许多)
a number of (用于可数名词前)若干 see a movie看电影
a few (用于可数名词前)一些/一点 go for a walk去散步 take a walk散步
a little (用于不可数名词前)一些/一点 have a try 试一下
have a good time 度过一段快乐的时光 have a rest/take a break 休息一下 have a cold着凉,感冒 have a talk谈话 make a noise 吵吵闹闹 make a living谋生 make a fire生火 make a choice 作选择 once in a while偶尔
定冠词the意思与this,that,these,those相近,名词前(无论单复可数或不可数)都能使用1 特指 通常可以翻译成 这个/那个
Open the door,please. 谈话者都知道所指哪扇门
Which bag do you like,the red or the blue?前文中出现过的内容
2天体,宇宙间独一无二的东西 the sun太阳 the moon月亮 the stars星星 the wind 风 the cloud 云 the Great Wall长城
3 形容词 副词的最高级前(副词the可省略)
比如 who is the cleverest student in our class?(最聪明的the不能省)
Xiang Liu runs (the) fastest.(刘翔跑得最快,the可加可不加)
4 用在序数词及表示序列的词前
比如 the first, the second, the third, the fifth, the eighth, the ninth, the twelfth, the twentieth
(这八个序数词也可以记一下,是序数词中比较特殊的八个,除了这八个之外的序数词构成方法只要在基数词后直接加th就可以了)
比如 the next morning,....第二天早晨。。。。 The last dish is fish soup.最后一道菜是鱼汤。 It has the same color. 它有同样的颜色。
He is the only child in his family.他是他们家唯一的孩子
5用于江,河,湖,海或专有名词前
比如 the Yellow sea黄海, the Yangtze river长江 the Pacific太平洋 the Atlantic大西洋 the Bund外滩 the Great Wall长城 the United Kingdom英国 the United States 美国
the People’s republic of China中国 the Mid-autumn Festival 中秋节 the Lantern Festival元宵节 the Spring Festival春节
6固定搭配
at the top of 在....的顶部 at the back of 在...的背面 at the edge of 在...的边上 at the bottom of 在...的底部 at the foot of 在...的脚下 at the beginning 在...的开始 at the end of 在...的结束 on the air播出中
at/in/on the corner of 在....的角上 by the way 顺便说一下 in the way 挡路 in the end 最终
in the face of 面对...,尽管... in the east 在东方 in the north在北方 in the west在西方 in the south在南方
in the middle of 在...的中间
in the top right-hand corner of 在...的右上角 in the top left-hand corner of 在...左上角 in the bottom right-hand corner of 在...右下角 in the bottom left-hand corner of 在...左下角
7 表示演奏某种乐器时 play the piano弹钢琴 play the accordion拉手风琴 play the violin拉小提琴 play the flute吹笛子 play the guitar弹吉他 play the drum打鼓 play golf打高尔夫球
注意 一些不加冠词的用法
1当English,Chinese,Japanese,Maths,Physics,Science,Art等解释为语言或学科时,不能加the I study English every day. 我每天学英语 She speaks Japanese.她说日语
My favorite subject is Maths. 我最喜欢的学科是数学
2 in spring在春天, in summer在夏天 in autumn 在秋天, in winter在冬天 at night在晚上 , at midnight在午夜
at noon正午, at sunrise在日出时 at sunset在日落时, at dawn在黎明时
at dusk在日落时, on Saturday afternoon在周六下午 on Monday周一, in March在三月 in 2010 at home在家 不加the
in the spring(错误)
3 当play搭配某种运动项目时 不加the
play football踢足球, play basketball打篮球 play cards 打牌, play tennis打网球 play chess下棋, play table tennis打乒乓 play volleyball打排球
4 表示通过某种交通工具,介词后 不加the by air/plane乘飞机 by ship/sea/boat坐船 on foot 步行 by car乘汽车 by bike骑自行车 by train乘火车 by taxi乘出租车
比较:take the plane, take the/a bike, take the/a taxi
代词
人称代词 主格 宾格 形容词性物主名词性物主格 反身代词 格 第一人I me my mine myself 称 we us our ours ourselves 第二人you you your yours yourself 称 you you your yours yourselves 第三人he him his his himself 称 she her her hers herself it it its its itself they them their theirs themselves 特点 动词前 动/介名词前(。。的) 主语/宾靠。。自己/亲自 词后 语
提示:英语的句子就像一台台由各种零部件组成的设备,要想正常运行,必须保证每个零件的准确,各零件间又相互牵制,比如主语I 如果要加be动词,就只能选用am。一旦主语发生变化(I变成了she,那be动词也要换成is)否则句子就无法正常运转,所以在作选择题的时候特别要注意整体的看句子,答案一定是由句子中某一个或一些零件决定的。
主格与动词搭配
1 be动词 am / is /are was / were
I am a teacher. 我是一名老师。 I was a teacher in the past.过去我是一名老师。 We are good friends. 我们是好朋友。 We were good friends in the past.过去我们是好朋友。
You are cute. 你是小巧可爱的。 You were cute in the past.过去你是小巧可爱的。 You are in the classroom.你们在教室 。 You were in the classroom just then.刚刚你们在教室。
They are from Japan.他们来自日本。 They were in Japan three days ago.三天前他们在日本。
He is clever. 他是聪明的。 He was clever in the past.过去他是聪明的。 She is good at English. 她很擅长英语。She was good at English in the past. 过去她擅长英语。
It is very short. 它很短。 It was very short in the past.过去它很短。 (be going to/be doing 当中的be动词搭配同样如此)
2 除be动词以外其他动词搭配
I get up at seven every day.我每天七点起床。 I got up at six in the past.过去我六点起床。
We get up at seven every day.我们每天七点起床。 We got up at six in the past.过去我们六点起床。
You get up at seven every day.你每天七点起床。You got up at six in the past.过去你六点起床。
You get up at seven every day.你们每天七点起床。You got up at six in the past.过去你们六点起床。
They get up at seven every day. 他们每天七点起床。They got up at six in the past. 过去他们六点起床。
He gets up at seven every day.他每天七点起床。He got up at six in the past.过去他六点起床。
She gets up at seven every day.她每天七点起床。She got up at six in the past.过去她六点起床。
It gets up at seven every day. 它每天七点起床。It got up at six in the past. 过去它六点起床。
由此可见当he, she, it 作主语时,一般现在式的动词后要加s ( 如果遇到go / brush/ 等动词后加es) 其中he 代表了所有单个的男性,she代表了所有单个女性,it代表所有单个动物,物品或不可数名词
动/介词与宾格搭配
Give me some paper. 由于give是动词,它之后的宾语如果是人称代词自然是宾格形式
I don’t like them. 与 I don’t like their teacher. (前一句的宾语是them,而后一句的宾语是their teacher ,这里的their是表格中的第三列,形容词性物主格,解释为“。。。的”)
It is me.(别忘了is 也是动词)那是我。 It is mine. 那是我的。(mine是名词性物主,解释为我的。。,后无需再加物品)
Look at him.
Tom waits for her every day. Tom每天等她。 I will pick them up. 我将把他们捡起来。
I like dancing with him. 我喜欢和他一块跳舞。With 是介词后用宾格him.
形容词性物主格的固定搭配
do / try one’s best 尽最大的努力 on one’s way to?在去?的路上 make up one’s mind 下决心 lose one’s way 迷路
take one’s advice听取某人建议 save one’s life 就某人的性命
反身代词的固定搭配
be proud of oneself 为自己感到骄傲 enjoy oneself 过得快活,感到乐趣 talk to oneself 自言自语 say to oneself 心里想,暗自说道 think to oneself 心里想 think about oneself为自己考虑 指示代词
小朋友大都已经掌握,其中 1 this/that 用来作单数名词的代词 these/those用来作复数名词的代词
(这里提醒一个旧的知识点,What is this?/What is that? 的回答要用It is? What are these?/What are those?的回答要用They are?)
2时间或方位距离上 离说话人较近的用:this , these 时间或方位距离上 离说话人较远的用:that, those
3打电话是称自己这方为 this, 对方为 that
E: A: Hello, this is Joan, who is that speaking? B: This is Linda. Hello.
4介绍新朋友给其它人认识时,我们通常用this is ?. E: This is Amy. She is our new classmate. 疑问代词 what
1用在 “人”前问职业,What is your mother?你的妈妈是做什么的?
2 加名词 构成“疑问词组”提问, what kind of 什么种类的 what shape 什么形状what color 什么颜色 what time 什么时间 what day 星期几 ??
which哪个/哪些 1在一定范围中的选择
which subject 哪门学科(学科范围中的选择)
which do you like, A or B?你喜欢哪个,A还是B(A B范围中的选择)
who/whom谁 whose谁的 疑问副词 where哪里 when什么时候 why为什么
how怎么样
1 用来问身体情况,心情好坏
How are you today ? 你今天过得怎样? I’m fine, thanks.我蛮好,谢谢 2 问通过哪种方式,手段或者交通工具
How do you go to school everyday? 你每天怎么上学? By bus.乘公共汽车。
3 也可以搭配 形容词/副词 构成“疑问词组”提问
How often does she have a bath?她多久洗一次澡?(问频度)Once a day.每天一次。 How old is your grandmother? 你的奶奶几岁了?
How long will it take? 那将花多少时间? About an hour. 大约一小时。
some 和 any 比较
1)some 用在肯定句,作一些解释时,即可用于不可数名词前,又可用于可数名词前,但可数名词必须是复数
2) any 用在否定句 和 疑问句中,即可用于不可数名词前,又可用于可数名词前,但可数名词必须是复数
(May I have some orange juice?这是婉转表达肯定意思,不算作疑问句,所以some不用变为any)
3)any还能修饰副词或形容词的比较级
I can’t bear it any longer. 我再也承受不了它了。 Don’t talk any more.别再讲话了。 Do you feel any better? 你好些了吗?
both 和 all 比较 1 both 表示两者都
2 all 表示三者或三者以上都 3 不能互换
each 和 every比较
1 each 强调不同的个体 Each boy has his own gift.每个(不同的)男孩都有自己的礼物。 2 every 强调相同的个体 Every boy can swim. 人人都会游泳。 3 each 可以单独作代词 Each will be good. 哪一个都会不错。
4 every 不能单独作代词 Every will be good.(错误) Every boy will be good.
either 和 neither 比较 1 either 表示两者中其一?? 2 neither 表示两者都不??