洛阳理工学院毕业设计论文 参考文献
[1] 张承琦 塑料成型工艺学 北京轻工业出版社1988.11 [2] 塑料模具手册 第2版 机械工业出版社1985.02 [3] 许发樾 模具标准应用手册 北京机械工业出版社1986.12 [4] 陈锡栋、周小玉 实用模具技术手册 北京机械工业出版社 1988.01 [5] 孔德茵 模具制造学 北京机械工业出版社 2001.10
[6] 李学锋、付丽 塑料模具设计与制造 北京机械工业出版社 1998.02
[7] 孙凤勤 模具制造工艺与设备 机械工业出版社 1995.05 [8] 陈志刚 塑模成型工艺及设备 电子工业出版社1986.12 [9] 颜智伟 塑料模具设计与机构设计 国防工业出版社2000.02 [10]翁其金 塑料模塑成型技术 机械工业出版社 1988.06 [11]黄鹤汀 机械制造技术 机械工业出版社 1997.10 [12]章泳健 模具设计与制造 清华大学出版社 2003 [13]李云程 模具制造工艺学 机械工业出版社 2000.10 [14]金庆同 特种加工 北京航空工业出版社 1988 [15]许发越 模具标准应用 北京机械工业出版社 1994 [16]黄毅宏 模具设计手册 北京机械工业出版社 1988
[17] 王本轶. 机床设备控制基础. 机械工业出版社，2005年：283-288 [18] 姜培刚.盖玉先. 机电一体化系统设计. 机械工业出版社，2008年 [19] 王坤.何小柏. 机械设计 高等教育出版社，1996年
[20]陈桂芬 机械制图与计算机绘图 西安电子科技大学出版社，2006.8 [21]梁俊有、李洪波 CAD工程设计 远方出版社，2005.8 [22]张桂香.机电类专业毕业设计指南 机械工业出版社，2005.1
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洛阳理工学院毕业设计论文
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洛阳理工学院毕业设计论文
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洛阳理工学院毕业设计论文
外文资料翻译
摘自: 《制造工程与技术（机加工）》（英文版）
《Manufacturing Engineering and Technology—Machining》 机械工业出版社 2004年3月第1版 P560—564页 美 s. 卡尔帕基安(Serope kalpakjian) s.r 施密德(Steven R.Schmid) 著
原文：
20.9 MACHINABILITY
The machinability of a material usually defined in terms of four factors: ① Surface finish and integrity of the machined part; ② Tool life obtained;
③ Force and power requirements; ④ Chip control.
Thus, good machinability good surface finish and integrity, long tool life, and low force And power requirements. As for chip control, long and thin (stringy) cured chips, if not broken up, can severely interfere with the cutting operation by becoming entangled in the cutting zone.
Because of the complex nature of cutting operations, it is difficult to establish relationships that quantitatively define the machinability of a material. In manufacturing plants, tool life and surface roughness are generally considered to be the most important factors in machinability. Although not
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洛阳理工学院毕业设计论文
used much any more, approximate machinability ratings are available in the example below.
20.9.1 Machinability Of Steels
Because steels are among the most important engineering materials (as noted in Chapter 5), their machinability has been studied extensively. The machinability of steels has been mainly improved by adding lead and sulfur to obtain so-called free-machining steels.
Resulfurized and Rephosphorized steels. Sulfur in steels forms manganese sulfide inclusions (second-phase particles), which act as stress raisers in the primary shear zone. As a result, the chips produced break up easily and are small; this improves machinability. The size, shape, distribution, and concentration of these inclusions significantly influence machinability. Elements such as tellurium and selenium, which are both chemically similar to sulfur, act as inclusion modifiers in resulfurized steels.
Phosphorus in steels has two major effects. It strengthens the ferrite, causing increased hardness. Harder steels result in better chip formation and surface finish. Note that soft steels can be difficult to machine, with built-up edge formation and poor surface finish. The second effect is that increased hardness causes the formation of short chips instead of continuous stringy ones, thereby improving machinability.
Leaded Steels. A high percentage of lead in steels solidifies at the tip of manganese sulfide inclusions. In non-resulfurized grades of steel, lead takes the form of dispersed fine particles. Lead is insoluble in iron, copper, and
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