V??d??sin?d?? 0 0 2? ? 2?cos? 02? ??d??(2?cos?)3d(2?cos?)?40?3 03.
2?
三、证明题(本题8分):
设函数?(x)具有二阶导数,且满足?(2)??(1),?(2)???(x)dx,证明:至少存在一点??(1,3),23使得???(?)?0.证:由定积分中值定理,可知 至少存在一点??[2,3],又由
?2?(x)dx??(?)(3?2)??(?),
3?(2)???(x)dx??(?)知,2???3.23
对?(x)在[1,2]和[2,3]上分别应用拉格朗日中值定理,并注意到?(1)??(2),?(?)??(2),得
??(?1)??(2)??(1)2?1?0,1??1?2,??(?2)??(?)??(2)?0,2??2???3,??2
对??(x)在[?1,?2]应用拉格朗日中值定理,得
???(?)???(?2)???(?1)?0,??(?1,?2)?(1,3).?2??1
一、填空题(每小题4分,本题共20分):
1??2?3?n??lim?1?cos?1?cos?1?cos?...?1?cos??n??nnnnn??_____ 1.
?1?etanx,x?0?x?f(x)??arctan2?2x?x?0在x?0处连续,则a?_______?2 ?ae,2.设
3.
?a?a??f(x)?f(?x)?sinx?a2?x2dx??
x2y2??1(2xy?3x2?4y2)ds?____?34.设L为椭圆4,其周长记为a,则L.12a
2225.设?的方程是x?y?z?R(R?0),则?22dS?(x?y?z)??4?R4
二、选择题(每小题4分,本题共20分):
x?01.若f(x)连续,且
limf(x)??1x(1?cosx),则(A)
(A)x?0是f(x)的驻点,但不是f(x)的极值点;(B)x?0是f(x)的驻点,且是f(x)的极小值点;(C)x?0是f(x)的驻点,且是f(x)的极大值点;(D)x?0不是f(x)的驻点.
2.若f(x)可导,且在x?0的某邻域内有f(1?x)?2f(1?x)?3x?o(x),则(A)
(A)f(1)?0,f'(1)?1;(B)f(1)?0,f'(1)?2;(C)f(1)?0,f'(1)??1;(D)f(1)?0,f'(x)在x?1处不一定可导
1f(a?)n?limnlnn??f(a)3.设f(x)?0且可导,则(D)
f?(a) (A)0 (B)? (C)lnf?(a) (D)f(a)
324.设C为曲线y?x和直线y?x所围成的区域整个边界,沿逆时针方向,则曲线积分
?Cx2ydx?y3dy?( B ).
1123?23;?;;.(A) 44 (B)44 (C)44 (D)44
22D?(x,y)x?y ?2y,则??f(u)5.设函数连续,区域D??f(xy)dxdy?()
(A)(C)?? ? 0 1 ?1dx? 0 1?x2 ?1?x2f(xy)dy ;
(B)2?dy? 0 2 2y?y2 0f(xy)dx ;
d??2sin?f(r2sin?cos?)dr ;(D)? ? 0d??2si?n 0f(r2sin?co?s)rdr ;三、计算下列各题
1。(本题8分)如图,f(x),g(x)是两个逐段线性的连续函数,设
u(x)?f(g(x)),求u'(1)
解:u'(1)?f'(g(1))g'(1)
g(1)?3,g'(1)??3,f'(g(1))?f'(3)??u'(1)?34
14
所以
2.(本题8分)设f(x)为连续函数,且解:
???0f(xsinx)sinxdx?1
,求
??0f(xsinx)xcosxdx
??0f(xsinx)sinxdx??f(xsinx)xcosxdx0???f(xsinx)d(xsinx)?F(xsinx)0?0?0
其中F(x)为f(x)的原函数 ,又
所以
???0f(xsinx)sinxdx?1?0f(xsinx)xcosxdx??13.(本题8分)设函数f(x)是以2为周期的连续函数,它在
[0,2]上的图形为分段直线,g(x)是线性函数,y?f(x),
求
? 2 0f(g(x))dx。
解:g(x)?3x?1,g?(x)?3.令g(x)?t,
则
y? 2 0 2 21 71f(g(x))dx??f(t)dt??3??f(t)dt??f(t)dt?1. 0 0313
l2l14. (本题9分)如图,曲线C的方程为y?f(x),点(3,2)是它的一个拐点,直线l1与l2分别是曲线C在点(0,0)与(3,2)
432C1y?f(x)处的切线,其交点为(2,4). 设函数f(x)具有三阶连续导数,
xO1234计算定积分
?30(x2?x)f???(x)dx.
解 题设图形相当于已知f(x)在x?0的函数值与导数值,在x?3处的函数值及一阶、二阶导数值.由题设图形知,f(0)?0, f?(0)?2; f(3)?2, f?(3)??2,f??(3)?0.
由分部积分,知
?(x032?x)f???(x)dx??(x?x)df??(x)?(x?x)f??(x)03223030??f??(x)(2x?1)dx03
=
??(2x?1)df?(x)??(2x?1)f?(x)03?2?f?(x)dx03
=16?2[f(3)?f(0)]?20.
5. (本题9分)设函数f(x,y)在点(0,1)的某邻域内有定义,且在点(0,1)处可微,又
f(x,1?y)?1?2x?3y?o(?).
1??nlim?f(0,e)?22n???? 其中 ??x?y,求
n解:由于函数f(x,y)在点(0,1)处可微,故在点(0,1)处连续,对
f(x,1?y)?1?2x?3y?o(?).
取极限,得
limf(x,1?y)?f(0,1)?1.x?0y?0
将式子f(x,1?y)?1?2x?3y?o(?).变形为 f(0?x,1?y)?f(0,1)?2x?3y?o(?). 根据微分的定义得 fx(0,1)?2,fy(0,1)?3
因为函数f(x,y)在点(0,1)处连续且f(0,1)?1?0,有连续函数的局部保号性可知
1??n?f(0,e)??0? ?
1??nxn??f(0,e)???并取对数得 令
1n1n1nnnlnxn?nlnf(0,e)?
ln[0,1?(e?1)]?lnf(0,1)e?1?11en?1n
1nlimlnxn?limnlnf(0,e)?limn??n??n??ln[0,1?(e?1)]?lnf(0,1)e?11n1n?lim所以
e?1n??1n
1n?
?lnf(x,y)x?0fy(x,y)x?0fy(0,1)???3y?1f(x,y)y?1f(0,1)?y
6.
L(本题9分)计算
I??[exsiny?b(x?y)]dx?(excosy?ax)dy,其中a,b2A(2a,0)y?2ax?x为正的常数,L为从点沿曲线到点O(0,0)的弧(如图).
解法1 可考虑添加有向线段L1:y?0,从点O(0,0)到点A(2a,0),构成封闭曲线,然后利用格林公式计算.
?P?Q?Q?P?excosy?b,?excosy?a??b?a?y?x?x?y,, I???L1L?L1[exsiny?b(x?y)]dx?(excosy?ax)dy
??[exsiny?b(x?y)]dx?(excosy?ax)dy???(b?a)dxdy???bxdx?D02a?????a2(b?a)?2a2b???2?a2b?a322. ?2?解法2 此题亦可将其分为两部分进行计算.
I??exsinydx?excosydy??b(x?y)dx?axdyLL,其中,前一积分与路径无关,故可选
择沿直线段y?0从A(2a,0)到O(0,0)积分 ,得
?Lexsinydx?excosydy?0.
?x?a?acostL:??y?asint后一积分,可直接化为对参变量的定积分,,t从0到?.
?b(x?y)dx?axdy??L?0[b(a?acost?asint)(?asint)?a(a?acost)acost]dt
11????2a2b??a2b??a3I?(?2)a2b?a32222. ,故
7.(本题9分)证明:由x?a,x?b,y?f(x)及x轴所围的平面图形绕x轴旋转一周所形成的立体
对x轴的转动惯量(密度?=1)为.
Ix??2?baf4(x)dx.其中f(x)是连续的正值函数.