54500DWT成品油轮单元、模块化设计 华东理工大学 王刚
目 录
摘要 ............................................................................................................................... I Abstract ......................................................................................................................... II 1绪言 ............................................................................................................................ 1
1.1研究的背景、目的及意义 ............................................................................ 1 1.2国内研究概况 ................................................................................................ 1 1.3国外研究概况 ................................................................................................ 2 1.4本文所做的主要工作 .................................................................................... 2 2国内外模块化设计研究现状 .................................................................................... 3
2.1国外模块化设计研究 .................................................................................... 3 2.2国内模块化设计研究 .................................................................................... 3 3模块化造船、模块化设计的理论及方法 ................................................................ 5
3.1模块化设计的理论 ........................................................................................ 5 3.2模块化设计的方法 ........................................................................................ 5 4油轮设计 .................................................................................................................... 7
4.1 54500DWT油轮设计的概述 ........................................................................ 7
4.1.1总述 .................................................................................................... 7 4.1.2总图设计 ............................................................................................ 8 4.1.3主尺度及参数 .................................................................................... 8 4.1.4规范和公约 ........................................................................................ 9 4.2油船专用管系设计及单元模块化推论 ...................................................... 10
4.2.1货油装卸与扫舱系统 ...................................................................... 10 4.2.2洗舱系统 .......................................................................................... 15 4.2.3货油加热系统 .................................................................................. 18 4.2.4惰气和蒸发气回收系统 .................................................................. 20 4.2.5货油舱透气系统 .............................................................................. 25 4.2.6货油舱驱气和除气 .......................................................................... 29 4.2.7排油监控系统 .................................................................................. 30
4.2.8可燃气体探测装置 .......................................................................... 32 4.2.9货油舱监测系统 .............................................................................. 34 4.2.10甲板泡沫灭火系统 ........................................................................ 35
５结果分析与结论 ..................................................................................................... 39 致谢 ............................................................................................ 错误！未定义书签。 参考文献 ..................................................................................................................... 40
II
摘要
成品油船，系指既能载运成品油和动植物油，也可兼做载运IMO III类化学品的船舶。
近年来，国际航运市场弱势回落，但成品油船市场仍然有一定的机遇。14年上半年，散货船、油船和集装箱船合计成交量达到了5759万载重吨。目前船市大幅反弹主要还是由MR成品油船、LR2成品油船、18万吨散货船以及大型集装箱船等典型热点船型带动。由于世界炼油格局从美东向墨西哥湾、从日欧向东亚太地区转移，全球成品油海运贸易增长前景明显好于原油。虽然2012年以来船东已经订造了大量MR和LR2型成品油船，较大程度上透支了未来2~3年的市场需求。但是在美国页岩气革命的影响下，全球化学品贸易前景较好，化学品船的投资订造已经蠢蠢欲动。这种中型成品油轮既可以运成品油，又可以运输化学品，能满足各种需求下的灵活转型。所以，我国一些国内的设计公司已经开始自主研发这种能兼做化学品船的MR型成品油船，以期望能迅速抢占未来市场。这些船舶技术含量较高、设计难度较大，设备配套复杂，需要满足船级社和国际海事组织的相关要求，国外船东往往要求达到国际造船的良好质量。这些要求，使得一些中小型船厂在建造和交船中遭遇到很多困难。
本文以公司开发设计的54500DWT成品油轮为研究对象，选取了典型的货油系统单元模块展开研究。对成品油轮的各个系统进行设计，以寻求最优化的设计方案。
关键词：模块化造船 模块化设计 成品油轮 货油专用系统
I
Abstract
Refined oil tanker means a vessel which refer to both refined oil、animal/ vegetable oils, and the chemical which belongs to IMO III type.
Although the international shipping market is recession in recent years, but there are still some opportunities in refine oil ship market to be sure. In 2014 1st half year, bulk cargo ship, oil tanker and container ship combine total shipping volume reached 57.59 million ton. Currently in the ship market the majority product still are MR tankers, LR2 tankers, 180,000 ton bulk cargo ship and large container ship, those typical ship types leading the market. Because of the world refining center shifting from US east coast, Mexico gulf, Europe and Japan to the East Asia regions. The growth prospects of the global refined oil Maritime trade are better than the crude oil. Although since the 2012 Ship owners ordered lots number of MR and LR2 Tankers, Extended the market needs for next 2-3 years. But after US successful Exploitation the shale gas, the Prospect of the global petro trading will be getting better. The investments to the chemical/refined tank or cargo ship are ready to start wriggling. This kind medium sized oil tanker both can carry refined oil or chemical product. IT can meet the various needs of the flexible transition. So in China, some engineering design company are starting researching and developing this Multitasking MR tanker (chemical and refined oil), in order to quickly occupy future market. This kind of ship have high engineering technical level, difficult to design, complex equipment support, and need to meet international ship classification needs, so the ship owner often requires the good quality of the international shipbuilding. Under those requirement makes medium/small shipyards encountered many difficulties in the construction and delivering the ship.
In this document, the design of the company refined
II
54500DWT oil tanker as the research subject. The research on the typical oil system and its module are selected. Design various systems of the tanker, searching for the best solution.
Key word: refined oil tanker cargo oil system
III