Mother seemed to know that. 母亲好像知道那件事。
Bill doesn’t seem to a understand. 比尔似乎不太理解。= Bill seems not to understand.(这更正式) Ⅱ. 常用搭配:
It seems (that)好像、看来、似乎,如:
It seems to me that her accident is all your fault! 在我看来她出事都是你的错。 But it seemed that it wasn’t the only letter. 但是好像这不是唯一的一封信。 seem as if / though. ―看起来像‖如:
It seems as though Ken will win the rice.看来赛跑Ken好像要赢。 It seems (as if ) it is going to rain. 天好像要下雨了。
Ⅲ. look ―看来、似乎‖着重于由视觉得出的印象,seem 则暗示有一定根据,这种判断往往接近事实。在搭配上两者都可接:形容词、名词(前常有形容词修饰)、动词不定式to be、过去分词 和 介词短语。如: He looks / seems a nice man.他看上去是个好人。
You look / seem tired. Let’s have a rest. 看来你累了,我们休息一会儿。 The boy looked / seemed to be very ill. 那男孩看上去病得很重。 Ⅳ, 但在下面情况下,只能用seem, 不能用look: 后面接动词不定式:to do 时。如: The captain seemed to know all his soldiers. 2. 用于It seems that …结构时。如:
① It seemed that he had missed the train.看来他没搭上火车。 3. 用于There seemed to (不定式) 结构时:如:
There seemed to be hundreds of people on the playground. 运动场上好像有几百人。 §260 lose/ miss
Ⅰ. lose ―丢失、失去‖语气较强,一般指失去后不易找回;而 miss 指人们觉察到东西已经―丢失‖,含有可能找回的意思。miss 还有―想念‖之意。而lose 则没有。如:
My grandfather lost a leg in in the war. 我爷爷在战争中失去了一条腿。 We shall all miss you when you go away. 你不在时,我们都会想念你的。 Ⅱ. 作定语和表语用时,lose 用过去分词 lost, 而mess用现在分词missing.如: Who has found my lost pen?谁找到了我丢失的钢笔? Missing book is found now. 丢失的书现在已经找到了。 §261 meet / meet with
Ⅰ. meet ―遇见、遇到;接(人)‖;―集会‖;―满足(要求等)‖。
I know his name, but I’ve never met him. 我知道他的名字,但从未见过他。
The staff members will meet tomorrow to discuss the problem. 员工们明天开会将讨论这一问题。 I will meet my wife at the airport. 我将去机场接我的妻子 This will meet your needs. 这将满足你的要求。
Ⅱ. meet with. ―遇到;碰到‖强调偶然性;还常表示―遭遇;经历;遭到‖此时不能只用meet. 如: I met with a childhood friend on the bus. 我在汽车上遇到一个儿时的朋友。
They met with an accident on their way back. 他们在回去的路上遇到车祸。
I met with some difficulties when I tried to enter the country. 我在入境时遇到一些困难。
§262 many/ much/ a lot of/ lots of/ a good or great many/ many a / a number of/ a great or large number of/ a great deal of/ plenty of/ the number of Ⅰ. many ―许多、大量‖修饰可数名词复数。如: Many students think so. 很多学生都这样想。 Ⅱ. much 指量而言,与不可数名词连用。如: He mever eats much breakfast.他早餐从来吃得不多。
Ⅲ. the number of ―……的总数‖number 指―数目、人数‖是句中真正的主语。故动词须用单三式。如: ①The number of the students in our class is sixty-five. 其它的见下表:
词汇 后面可跟的词 作主语时 谓语动词的形式 many 复数可数名词 复数 much 不可数名词 单三式
复数可数名词与不可数名词(一般用于肯定句中;否定句和疑问句多用many, much) 复数或 单三式
amany 复数可数名词 复数 many a 单数可数名词 单三式 复数可数名词 复数 a great deal of 复数可数名词 与不可数名词 复数或 单三式
plenty of 复数可数名词或不可数名词(一般用于肯定句中;否定句或疑问句多用enough, many much) 复数或 单三式
§263 may be/ maybe
Ⅰ. may be ―也许是‖―可能是‖may 是情态动词,与be一起作谓语。而maybe是副词,意为―也许‖―可能‖用作状语。如:
Maybe you put it there.也许你把它放在那里了。
But I’m afraid I may be a little late. 但我担心我可能晚了一点。 Maybe he’s wrong. = He may be wrong. 或许他错了。
Maybe the twin brothers are boating now. = The twin brothers may be boating now.现在那对双胞胎兄弟可能在划船。
Maybe /perhaps they’ll go on a picnic next week. = They may go on a picnic next week. 他们下周可能要去野餐。
§264 mend/ repair
Ⅰ. mend ―修理、修补‖。普通用语。指对由于穿戴或使用等原因而破烂或破损的东西加以修补或修理。如: There’s a hole in your shirt. Better mend it right away. 你的衬衫上有一个洞,最好马上补一补。 The broken window requires to be mended. 这扇破窗户需要修理。
Ⅱ. repair ―修理、修补‖。常与mend换用。但当需要修理之物,由于使用或年代等原因已经损坏,修起来比较复杂时,多用repair. 如:
They have repaired the car. 他们已把汽车修好了。
It will take all the summer to repair the house. 需要整个夏天才能把房子修好。 §265 message/ news
Ⅰ.这两个词都有―消息‖之意,但词义范围有所不同。Message含义较广,可指书面、口头、无线电等多种渠道传来的信息,因而有―消息、口信、电报‖等意思,为可数名词;news含义较窄,主要是通过报纸、电台、电视等新闻媒介向公众报道的最新消息,也可指原来未曾听到过而现在听到的消息,为不可数名词。如: I’ll leave a message for her. 我将为她留个口信。
I haven’t had a message from him for a month. 我一个月没有得到他的音讯了。 [联想]:和 news搭配的词组:
latest news 最新消息。 stale news 过时新闻 current news 时事 highlighted news 重要新闻 inside news 内幕消息 grapevine news 小道消息 invested news 不实消息 distorted news 歪曲的新闻 §266 middle / center
Ⅰ.middle指―中间‖,表示时间和空间的―中间‖,是相对而言的,也可指笼统的―中部‖,如: We have lunch in the middle of the day.
另外middle还可表程度的―中等‖如:the middle school
Ⅱ. centre ―中心‖,通常用于空间方面,强调指正中心。它还可以用于借喻,表某一事物的中心。如: Dray a circle round a given centre. 就指定的中心画一圆圈。 We live in the centre of London. 我们住在伦敦中心。
Beijing is the political, economic and cultural centre of China. 北京是中国的政治、经济和文化中心。 §267 mist/ fog
Ⅰ. mist ―雾‖指比fog 薄的―薄雾‖,形容词为:misty. 它还可指:―(眼睛)朦胧‖等。如: The mountain top was covered with mist. 山顶笼罩着雾气。
She tried to see him through the mist of tears. 她试着透过朦胧的泪眼看他。 Ⅱ. fog 指较浓的―浓雾‖,其形容词为:foggy.如:
The fog was so thick that he had to drive very slowly. 雾太浓了, 他必须慢慢地开车。 §268 most /a most / the most
Ⅰ. most adv. 前无冠词,一般表―很、十分‖如: Most likely it will rain. 很可能要下雨了。
The author is most serious in writing the essay. 作者写这篇文章的态度是很严肃的。 Ⅱ. a most 后接形容词,修饰单数可数名词,意思是―很,十分‖如:
That was a most enjoyable party. 那是一次非常快乐的晚会。
These children lead a most happy life. 这些孩子过着非常幸福的生活。 Ⅲ. the most 是much or many 的最高级。意为―最‖如:
That’s the most beautiful place I’ve ever been. 那是我到过的最美丽的地方。 §269 mouse / rat
Ⅰ. mouse ―老鼠、耗子‖,比rat 小。如:
I have set a trap for mouse. 我装置了一个捕鼠器捕鼠。 When the cat’s away, the mice will play. [谚]:猫儿一跑耗子闹。 Ⅱ. rat ―老鼠、耗子‖,比mouse 大。如:
A rat has fallen into the trap. 一只老鼠落到了捕鼠器里。 A rat crossing the street is chased by all. 老鼠过街,人人喊打。 §270 much too/ too much
Ⅰ. much too 太、非常, 用作副词词组,修饰形容词或其它副词。如: It’s much too cold today. 今天天气太冷。
The old man walked much too slowly. 这位老人走得太慢了。 Ⅱ. too much ―太多‖有三种用法: 用作名词词组。如:
You gave me too much. 你给我的太多了。 用作形容词词组。修饰不可数名词。如:
I don’t like winter because there’s too much snow and ice.我不喜欢冬天,因为雪和冰太多了。 用作副词词组,修饰动词,如: Don’t speak too much. 别讲得太多。
[注]:much too 与too much都可用作副词词组,但too much 不可以修饰形容词,much too 不可以修饰动词。 §271 must/ have to
Ⅰ. must ―必须‖,往往着重于主观上认为有义务,有必要。 We must work hard. 我们必须努力工作。 Imust go. 我必须走。
Ⅱ. have to ―必须‖往往着重于客观的需要,含有―不得不‖的意味。如: Do you have to see a doctor today? 你今天要去看医生吗
It was late and we have to stay at home. 时间已晚,我们只得呆在家里。 §272 neither/ either
Ⅰ. neither ―(两者)都不‖,pron 如:
Neither of the books is mine. 这两本书都不是我的。
[注]作连词用时,neither 与nor连用,表示―既不……也不‖如:
The ground must be just right ——neither too wet nor too dry.地面务必适合——既不太湿,也不太干。 Ⅱ. either ―(两者中的)任何一个‖pron. 如:
There are two bikes in the room. You can ride eitheri of the two. 房里有两部自行车,你可以任骑一部。 [注]作连词用时,与or连用,表示―或者……或者……‖、―不是……就是……‖。如:
They were either too big or too small. 它们不是太大,就是太小。
作副词用时,二者都有―也不‖之意,但所使用的句型及在句中的位置不同。如: He doesn’t like swimming, I don’t like swimming, either. He doesn’t like swimming. Neither do I . (用于倒装结构中) §273 neither/ none
Ⅰ. neither ―两者都不‖与both相对,其后的谓语动词用单三式。如: Neither of my parents is at home. 我父母亲(任何一个)都不在家。 Ⅱ. none ―三者或三者以上都有不‖,与all相对。如:
None of the students are in the classroom. They have all gone to the playground. 所有的学生都不(一个也不)在教室里,他们都到操场上去了。 §274 next / the next Ⅰ. next 用于将来时态中
Ⅱ. the next 用于过去时态中。有时也可用于将来时。如:
I’ll finish school next June. The next month I’ll go on trip to my hometwon. 明年六月我要毕业了,第二个月(即七月)我就要回家乡。
She said in her letter that she would visit us the next week. 她在信中说她要在第二个星期拜访我们。 §275 no / not
Ⅰ. no ―不‖既可作形容词,又可作副词。作形容词时用来否定名词、代词或动名词。作副词时,主要用于否定回答。
The poor boy had no money for books. 那个穷孩子没钱买书。 No smoking. 禁止吸烟。 Isn’t he a teacher? No, he isn’t.
Ⅱ. not ―不‖只用作副词。用来否定动词、不定式、形容词或副词。通常放在―三类词‖(情态动词,助动词,系动词)之后,行为动词之前。否定不定式时,直接放在不定式的小品词to前。如: I have not been to Beijing. He doesn’t like reading.
no 和not 都可与形容词或副词的比较级连用,但句子的含义不同。如: I am no taller than he. 我不比他高。(两人都矮) I am not taller than he. 我不比他更高。(两人都高) no = not a 或not any 如:
She has no books = She doesn’t have a book. = She does not have any books. no 表示它所修饰的名词的相反的意思。而not只能表示一般的否定。如: He is no teacher. 他根本(绝)不是老师。(不善于教书) He is not a teacher. 他不是老师。(可能是其它职业) He is no fool = He is clever. 他不笨(他是聪明的) He is not a fool. 他不是个傻子。 §276 no longer/ not…any longer/ no more / not any more