方在现场管理过程中出现的实际变更情况。 4.4.6 Receiving, Inspection and Storage 接收，检查和存储
For Quality Assurance Category I item, receiving, storage and handling at the construction site shall be in accordance with ASME NQA-1.
对于质量保证I类物项，施工现场材料的接收、存储和加工应根据ASME NQA-1。
Quality Assurance Category II/III items may be stored for several months outdoors. The storage area shall be well drained and reasonably removed from the actual construction area and traffic so that damage from construction equipment is minimized. All items shall be stored on cribbing or equivalent to avoid trapping water and to allow air circulation. Bolts, nuts, and washers, shall be packaged to exclude moisture, and may be stored on cribbing in a protected shelter in accordance with Section 2.2 of RCSC Specification for Structural Joints. Items shall be handled in a manner which is consistent with safe and sound material handling practices.
质量保证II/III类物项可以在户外存储几个月。存储区域应有良好的排水系统并且适当地从实际施工区和交通区移除使施工设备的损坏最小。所有的物项应该存储在木垛上或类似的物体上以防积水，保持空气流通。根据RCSC规范2.2节对结构缝的规定, 螺栓、螺杆及垫圈应该包裹以防潮，并应放在防护棚内栅栏上。物项的处理方式应与安全材料处理方式一致。
All materials designated for the care, custody and control of the Erector shall be received, unloaded and hauled from the point of unloading to the site of the structure or designated storage areas, in a manner that will prevent distortion, or damage.
所有指定由安装者照看、保管和控制的材料应在卸载点接收、卸载并搬运到结构现场或者指定存储区，应防止其变形或者损坏。
The Erector is responsible to provide protection of materials and accessories from weather, dirt, dust, corrosive substances, and physical damage in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations. 安装方应根据生产商的建议，保护材料和附件以免受到水、泥土、灰尘、腐蚀性物质的伤害和物理损坏。
The Erector shall comply with any special storage requirements, if required, that was forwarded to the jobsite with each shipment to which they are applicable.
如有要求, 安装方应按照所有特殊存储要求，每一批运到现场的都应满足要求。
Unless otherwise required by the Purchaser, all materials shall be inspected by the Erector immediately after receipt to ensure that the materials are not damaged, to verify that all items on the
shipping list have been supplied, and to assure that all documentation has been received. No materials shall be unloaded unless authorized by the Erector. Rejected materials shall be removed as instructed by the Purchaser. If materials are rejected after being unloaded at the site, they shall be placed in an isolated area and posted ―rejected‖, or tagged so that rejected materials can be identified easily prior to repair or removal from the site. The Erector shall submit material receiving reports to the Purchaser.
除非采购方另有要求, 安装方在接收材料之后应立即检查，确保材料没有损坏, 验证所有出货清单上的物项都提供了，并确保所有的文件已接收。没有安装方的授权，任何材料不得卸载。不合格材料应据采购方的要求移除。如果材料在现场卸载后被拒收, 材料应堆放在隔离区域并张贴不合格拒收标志, 或者贴上标签，使不合格材料在修理或者从现场移除前能被识别。安装方应当递交材料接收报告给买方。
The jobsite storage area shall be segregated or a system of tagging materials shall be implemented to prevent inadvertent use of materials not inspected or accepted. If any damage is discovered, or any parts, components, or documentation are missing or otherwise defective, the occurrence shall be immediately reported to the Purchaser in writing.
对现场的存储区进行隔离，或者采用材料标记系统，防止误用未检查或未验收的材料。如果发现任何损坏,任何零件或文件缺失、有缺陷, 应马上用书面形式报告给采购方。
Where it becomes apparent that significant delays may occur between receipt of shipment and time of erection, the unloaded material shall be stored and hauled to a temporary storage area designated by the Purchaser. The stored materials shall subsequently be reloaded and hauled to the point of installation.
如果运输接收的时间与安装时间有明显的延迟,未装卸的材料应存储搬运至由采购方指定的临时存储区。存储的材料应随后再搬运至安装地点。
The storage area shall be subdivided as desired; however, different materials shall be separated so that damage is prevented and additional handling minimized.
存储区应按需求进行分区，然而，不同的材料应分区储存以防损坏并将额外搬运降低到最小. Painted members shall not be laid directly on the ground or floor but shall be placed on skids or trestles and shall be handled so as to avoid injury to the paint. Painted members shall be handled using nylon chokers or padded slings. Bundled lifts are typically unacceptable.
涂层元件不应该直接放在地板上而应置于垫木或支架上，并使用尼龙宽带或者填补吊索搬运以防刮伤油漆。禁止成捆吊装。 4.4.7 Pre- Erection Activities 预安装处理
The erection of steel structures basically consists of fixing the steel base plates to the concrete foundations (pile cap, grade beam, spread footing), followed by installing columns, beams, bracings, steel deck, steel roof, stairs, and miscellaneous steel structures, e.g. post and railings, grating. It can be seen that the as built location and elevation of the base plates, and thus of the building frame columns control the geometry and fitting of the frame members. Some of the pre-erection responsibilities of the Erector are listed, but not limited to, below:
钢结构的安装主要包括：钢底板固定在混凝土基地上(桩帽、地基梁、扩展底座)，接下来安装栏杆、梁、角撑、钢甲板、钢盖、楼梯及零星钢结构，例如，柱子和扶手，栅栏。可见竣工底板位置和标高，因此厂房框架柱控制框架元件的几何结构和配置。安装方的一些预安装责任包含但不限于以下：
a. Independently verify the survey bench marks for location (coordinates) and elevation (with respect to the same project datum).
单独检验位置（坐标）测量水准点和标高（参照相同的项目资料）。
b. Verify the locations and elevations of the center of each steel columns and base plates on the as built concrete foundations.
检验在已建混凝土基础上的每一钢柱和底板的中心位置和标高。
c. Verify the locations and elevations of all embedded anchor bolts and embedded miscellaneous steels.
校正所有预埋锚固螺栓和预埋零星钢的位置和标高。
d. Compute the corresponding spans based on information from items a, b and c above. Compare the results with the approved shop and erection drawings, and the fabricated dimensions as applicable. Report any discrepancies to the Purchaser. Coordinate and agree on the corrective methods. 根据a、b、c项信息计算相应的跨度，把计算结果和施工和安装图纸和适用的施工尺寸对比。把所有差异报告给采购方。协调并商定校正方法。
e. Mobilization of machines, equipment, tools, and personnel. Qualification of personnel; i.e. welders, NDE, QA/QC, bolt crews, etc. Preparation for receiving and storing of materials, and shop fabricated steel structures and accessories.
机器、设备、工具和人员就位。合格人员：也就是焊工、NDE、QA/QC、螺栓安装方等等。准备材料接收和存储，及钢结构和附件的车间制作。
f. Testing and calibrating machines and equipment. Set up tower cranes, as required. 测试和校准机械和设备。按需求安装塔吊。
g. The Erector’s representative shall be at the fabrication shop to check and verify the acceptability of the parts and assemblies to be delivered to the project site. The purpose is to screen out defective parts or unacceptable pieces from leaving the shop. The screening does not relieve the Fabricator from the responsibilities under the Contract.
安装方代表应在加工车间检查和校正运到现场的零件和附件是否合格。其目的是从车间筛选出有缺陷的零件或不合格的部件。筛选不会减轻制作方的合同责任。 4.5 ERECTION 安装 4.5.1 General 概要
The erection of steel structures can commence when the foundations have been installed and approved, and shop fabricated members and components have been delivered, inspected and accepted. Also, the pre-erection activities and management shall have been performed and completed by the Erector to ensure quality workmanship.
当基础安装完成并审查合格，车间制作元件和构件已运输到场、检查并验收合格后，可以开始钢结构的安装。同样，安装方应执行并完成预安装作业和管理，以确保质量。
The erection shall follow the details in the approved shop and erection drawings, safety plan, assembly lift plan, all contract documents, and the specification given herein.
安装应遵循经核准的车间和安装图纸中的详图、安全计划、吊装方案、所有合同文件和在此给出的技术规范。
All work covered by this specification shall conform to the AISC 303 Code of Standard Practice for Steel Buildings and Bridges (except as amended by this specification), the AISC 360 Specification for Structural Steel Buildings, and AISC N690 Specification for the Design, Fabrication and Erection of Steel Safety-Related Structures for Nuclear Facilities.
此技术规格书涵盖的所有工作应遵循AISC 303钢结构建筑和桥梁规范（除了本规范所修正的部分）、构建筑规范AISC 306和AISC N690设计规范、核岛设备钢安全相关结构制造和安装技术规范。
4.5.2 Structural Stability during Erection 安装过程中的结构稳定
The Erector is responsible for the stability of the structures at all stages of construction. 安装方负责整个安装过程中的结构稳定。
The erected steel shall be adequately braced to resist dead, erection, construction, and wind loads until it is permanently connected and is self-supporting.
安装完成的钢应充分支撑来抵抗静荷载、安装荷载、施工荷载和风载荷，直到其被永久连接，并能够自己支撑。
Temporary support of structural steel frames shall be in accordance with the requirements of Section 7.10 of the AISC 303 Code of Standard Practice for Steel Buildings and Bridges.
钢结构框架临时支撑应符合AISC 303-05钢结构建筑和桥梁标准准则7.10小节的要求。 The bracing shown on the drawings has been designed to provide a stable structure upon the completion of erection. As each level is erected, the permanent bracing shown on the Engineers' drawings in conjunction with the framing at that level shall be installed to improve the stability of the partially erected structure.
图纸上的支撑设计成能在完成安装后提供稳定的结构。在每个水平面安装后，在此平面上安装 设计图纸上所示的与框架连接的永久性支撑，用以提高部分已安装结构的稳定性。
The Erector shall design and install all additional temporary bracing or guying required for the loading(s) imposed during erection, consistent with the erection sequence used, or required at the end of any work period to ensure safe and stable conditions. Additional temporary bracing of this nature provided by the Erector shall be made available for the Engineers’ review. However, the Engineers' review shall not relieve the Erector from full responsibility for the stability of the structure during erection.
安装方应设计和安装所有的附加的临时角撑或拉索，用来满足在安装过程中所需的负荷或协调任何工期结尾时所使用的或所需的安装顺序，以保证安全和情况稳定。这种由安装者提供的附加临时支撑应由工程师检查其适用性。然而，工程师的检查不应减轻安装者在安装过程中对结构稳定性所负的全部责任。
Temporary steel bracing and alignment cables installed prior to permanent bracing may be removed after main members and bracing have been permanently bolted.
临时钢角撑和联合电缆应在永久角撑之前安装，它们可以在主体元件和角撑固定后移除。 Care should be taken in welding columns to base plates to prevent distortion of the plates. The