解:因为
1?1?x?x2?x3???xn???,x???1,1?, 1?xf?x??a0?a1x?a2x2?a3x3???anxn???,x?(?1,1).
所以 当x???1,1?时,有
(a0?a1x?a2x2?a3x3???anxn???) F?x??(1?x?x2?x3???xn???)
?a0?(a0?a1)x?(a0?a1?a2)x2?(a0?a1?a2?a3)x3?? ?(a0?a1?a2???an)xn???
?n?????ak?xn. n?0?k?0?
?第8章(之8) 第43次作业
教学内容:§8.4.3函数展开为幂级数举例 间接展开法 §8.4.4函数幂级数展开式的应用 ***1. 若 f?x????cn?0n?nxn,试证:f?x?为偶函数时必有c2k?1?0?k?0,1,2,??.
f??x???cn??x?,
nn?0?解:f?x???cnx,
n?0
∴0?f?x??f??x???2ck?0?2k?1x2k?1,
∴c2k?1?0(函数0的任意阶导数都为零).
2.展开下列函数f(x)在指定基点x0处的幂级数:
x**(1) y?1?e,x0?0;
??3tn解:因为 y?e?3e?3e?1, 而 e??,t?(??,??).
n?0n!3x2xxt?138
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3nxn?3?2nxn?3xn所以 y???????1
n!n!n!n?0n?0n?0?3?3?2n?3nn ?8??x,x????,???.
n!n?1?**(2)f?x??ln1?x?x2?x3,??x0?0;
解:f?x??ln1?x?x2?x3?ln1?x2?1?x? ?ln1?x2?ln?1?x?
??????????n?1???1?n?1x2n???1??n?n?1xn (?1?x2?1 且 ?1??x?1) n ??x??1???1?213?11?415?11?6?x?x????x?x????x 2?35?24??36? ?
17?11?8x????x?? , 7?48?2??1?x?1?.
**(3)f?x??e4x?x解:f?x??e1??x?2?2?3,x0?2。
t?tn, 由于 e??,t????,???
n?0n!
∴e??x?2?2??n?0???1?n?x?2?2n,
n!2
∴f?x??e1??x?2??e?n?0???1?n?x?2?2nn!x????,???.
**(4)f?x??lnx,a?e;
??x?e? ?e?解:f?x??ln?e??x?e???1?ln?1??1?
?n?1???1?n?1?x?e?nnen?0?x?2e?.
**(5)f?x??sin(x??4),x0??4;
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?????????(?1)n????解:f?x??sin???x????cos?x?????x??,(???x???).
4??4?n?0(2n)!?4???2?
**(6)f?x??解:f?x??2n1,a??4;
x2?3x?211111111???????? 2x?4x?432x?3x?2?x?1??x?2?x?1x?21?1?32 ?
?1??1n???x?4n?1n?1??23??n?0???6?x??2?.
**(7)f?x??lnx?1?x2,x0?0. 解:[ln(x?1?x2)]????11?x2?(1?x2)?12
131(?)(?)?(??n?1)?22(x2)n ?1??2n!n?1 ?1??n?1?(?1)n(2n?1)!!2nx (?1?x?1),
(2n)!!(?1)n(2n?1)!!2nx]dx
(2n)!!ln(x?1?x)?2?x0[1???n?1???1?n?2n?1?!!2n?1x ?x?? (?1?x?1),
??2n!!(2n?1)n?1`n??1??2n?1?!!当x??1时, 级数成为 ?1??(?1)2n?1是莱布尼兹型收敛级数,
n?1`?2n?!!(2n?1)?
∴lnx?1?x?2???1?n?2n?1?!!2n?1?x??x
??2n!!(2n?1)n?1`???1?x?1?.
**(8)f(x)?arctanx
?0xdx,x0?0 .
x140
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arctaxn??x?0,
解:因为 f??x???x?x?0?12n?1?1nx而 arctanx??, x?[?1,1] . dx????1?01?x22n?1n?0x2narctaxn?nx所以当x?0时, ????1?,x?[?1,0)?(0,1].
x2n?1n?0x2n而 ???1??1?f?(0).
2n?1x?0n?0?nx2n故 f??x?????1?,x???1,1?,
2n?1n?0?nf?x??f(0)??f?(x)dx????1?0n?0x?nx2n?1?2n?1?2,x???1,1?.
2***3。试将f(x)?x2ex展开成麦克劳林级数,并计算f?n??0?的值?n?1,2,3,??.
tn解:由于 e??, t????,???. 所以
n?0n!t?f(x)?xe2x2x2n?x2n?2?x???,x????,???.
n!n?0n!n?02?(2n?1)从而:f(0)?0,f(2n?2)(0)?(2n?2)!. n!
4.求下列幂级数的收敛域及和函数: **(1)
?n?0?n?1nx; n!解:limn?2n?1?0,n??(n?1)!n!r??? , 收敛域(??,??),
?n?0?n?1nx?n!?n?1?1xn?(n?1)!x?n?0?1n1nx?xx?n!n!n?0???n?0?1nx?(x?1)ex n! 和函数s(x)?(x?1)e,(???x???).
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***(2)
?n?n?2?xn?1?1n;
解:lim1n??(n?1)(n?2)1?1, 收敛半径为 r?1;
n(n?1)当x??1时,幂级数收敛, 所以收敛域为[?1,1]. 当x?0或x?1时,有
?n?1?11xn?n?n?2?2?1?n1??xn?xn??1? ?????x?????n?2?2?n?1nn?1n?2?n?1?nxn?2 ?n?2n?1??11???ln?1?x???222x11 ??ln(1?x)?22x21当 x?0,s?0??0;x?1,s?1??2?x2????ln?1?x??x?2??. ???1?3?1????, nn?2?4n?1?????0,??3∴s?x???,?4?x2ln?1?x??x??12,??ln?1?x??22x?2
5.求下列数项级数的和: **(1)
x?0x?1
?1?x?0,0?x?12n?1; ?n!n?1?????1111解:原式=2????2??(??1)?2e?(e?1)?3e?1.
n?1(n?1)!n?1n!n?0n!n?0n!
k?1??1??2k?2k***(2)??.
??2k?1!k?1?142
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?????1?k?1?2k?2k?1?????1?k?12k???x???x?x x???????k?1?2k?1?!??k?1?2k?1?!??k?1????1?x2k?1?? ?x?x??k?1?2k?1?!???k?1??1??2k?2kx解:??2k?1?!k?1??x(xsinx)??xsinx?x2cosx,
∴ 原式=xsinx?xcosx
2x?????2.
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