（十三） 长句翻译（英汉）
一．分句法
按照汉语多用短句的习惯, 把长句的从句或短语化成句子, 分开来叙述,为了使语意连贯, 有时需要适当增加词语。
例1. The number of the young people in the United States who can't read is incredible about one in four.
例2：The European Central Bank is being criticized for its puzzling policymaking and its inability to reduce wild wings in the financial markets.
二．顺序法。
当英语长句的内容的叙述层次与汉语基本一致时, 可以按照英语原文的顺序翻译成汉语。
例1. People were afraid to leave their houses, for although the police had been ordered to stand by in case of emergency, they were just as confused and helpless as anybody else.
三．逆序法。
即从原文的后半部或尾部译起。有些英语长句的叙述层次与汉语逻辑相反，可采用逆译法。 例1.It was our view that the US could be effective in both the tasks assigned by the President，i.e. of ending hostile-ties，and making a contribution to a permanent peace in the Middle East—if we conducted ourselves so
that we could remain in permanent contact with all of these elements in the area．
四．综合法。
事实上,在翻译一个英语长句时, 并不只是单纯地使用一种翻译方法, 而是要求我们把各种方法综合使用
例1：The United States has long been known as a “melting pot”,because many of its people are descended from settlers who came from all over the world to make their homes in the new land, which was sparsely populated by native Indian tribes.
例2：Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry, which seeks to study humans, and their endeavors in the same reasoned, orderly, systematic, and dispassionate manner that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena
五．小试身手
1.Its beginning obscured by unemployment caused by the world economic slowdown（1）, the new technological unemployment（2）may emerge as the great socio-economic challenge of the end of the 20th century（3）.
2.One of the most heartwarming aspects of people who are born with a facial disfigurement, whether minor or major, is the number of them who do not allow it to upset their lives, even reaching out to help others with the same problem.
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4.It would take me an entire book to list all of the people I have known in my life who spent the majority of their lives as single people, but who were the undisputed focus of a large group of friends-- usually serving as problem-solvers, and widely respected and loved.
5.But this is equally true of cultural traits, (which indicate clearly a person?s value system) when crucial decisions need to be made before there is any time to think about alternatives, for example, diving into a flooding stream to rescue a drowning child.
（十四） 长句翻译（汉英）
一．合句法（分清逻辑关系，突出句子重心） 1).西部地域辽阔（1），交通不发达（2），首先要进行基层设施建设（3）。
2).我们采取更加有力的措施（1），以更为积极的姿态扩大对外开放（2），力争对外贸易和吸收外资有新的增长（3）。
3).一些观察家说，在不到一个月时间，有这么多新型汽车推向市场，超过以往5年的总和，创下我国汽车工业的历史记录。
4).硅谷高科技产业有四分之一由华人工程师经营管理，他们将会成为美国贸易向全球推广的生力军。 二．分句法（主题变化断句）
1).西部大开发既要有紧迫感，又必须统筹规划，突出重点，分步实施，防止一哄而上。
2).东部地区要继续发挥优势，不断提高经济素质和竞争力，有条件的地方要率先实现现代化。
1).我们必须抓住新的机遇，迎接新的挑战，采取更有力的措施，以更为积极的姿态扩大对外开发，力争对外贸易和吸引外资有新的增长。
2).东方明珠电视塔位于黄浦江畔、浦东陆家嘴尖上，塔高468米，三面环水，与外滩的万国建筑群隔江相望，是亚洲第一，世界第三的高塔。
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1).西部大开发战略思想现在已经有了实施的机遇，因为中国的经济发展已经到了这样一个阶段：沿海地区经济的发展已经趋于饱和，要寻找新的市场，而西部地区的开放，现在也迫在眉睫。
2).中国是一个地域辽阔，有着数千年悠久历史的多民族国家（1），有着秀丽的自然风光、众多的名胜古迹何丰富多彩的灿烂文化（2），旅游资源十分丰富（3）。
三．小试身手
1.随着中国人民生活水平的提高，我国到国外旅行的人数也逐年增多，为国际旅游业的发展增添了新的活力。
2.改革开放以来，中国经济以年均近10％的速度持续增长，各项事业蓬勃发展，人民生活水平显著提高，为旅游业的兴旺奠定了坚实的基础。
3.上海大剧院位于市中心人民广场，占地面积约为2.1公顷，建筑风格独特，造型优美。
5.承各方的大力支持(1)，华东出口商品交易会一届比一届办得圆满(2)，深受中外客商的注目(3)，现已成为洽谈出口和市场信息交流的重要窗口。(4)
6.各国应加强经济技术的交流与合作，逐步改变不公正不合理的国际经济秩序，使经济全球化达到共赢和共存的目的。
（十五） 补充练习（汉英）
▲进入耶鲁大学的校园，看到莘莘学子青春洋溢的脸庞，呼吸着书香浓郁的空气，我不由回想起40年前我在北京清华大学时的美好时光，老师们对我的教诲，同学们给我的启发，我至今仍受用不尽。
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耶鲁大学以悠久的发展历史、独特的办学风格、卓著的学术成就闻名于世。如果时光能够倒流几十年，我真希望成为你们中的一员。耶鲁大学校训强调追求光明和真理，这符合人类进步的法则，也符合每个有志青年的心愿。
▲据消息灵通人士透露，今年春节前，家乐福才与新大新发生“第一次亲密接触”，其中广州市政府无疑起了“红娘”的作用。短短几个月时间，双方“情投意合”。外界关心的是：家乐福到底看中新大新什么地方？
对此，新大新总经理何先生没有作出正面的回应，只是笼统地陈述在广州的百货业中新大新有自己独特的一面。据何先生透露，这次新大新出资持有新组建的公司35%的股份，家乐福占65%:“这是按照国家有关部门政策，即中方持股不得少于35%的规定厘定的”。
▲2010年翩然而至，全球24个时区的万千钟声，此起彼伏，宣告在这人类新千年中，一个10年代的终结，又是另一个10年代的开始。在开局的10年中，中国经济在前9年连续9年保持着9%以上的增长。最后一年，虽受国际金融风暴影响，但依然能保持8%的高增长。
中国犹如中流砥柱，力挽狂澜，使全球目光，再次聚焦于东方。一年多的实践，终使曙光再现。全人类定能以集体的智慧，攻坚克难，度过难关，必将是柳暗花明又一村的新局面。
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（十六） 补充练习（英汉）
▲It is, I think, the most barbarous of all customs in the world, and destroys that which is perhaps the chief beauty of woman, the grace and poetry of her motion. (P333→P215) （从句）
▲In summer you are sweated down to almost nothing, and in winter what is left of you is dried up with cold which freezes the marrow of your bones; and if your food fails, or your digestive organs become seriously wrong, it is rare that a recovery is made. (P324→P209)
▲On the left another flight of marble steps brings you to the entrance of that vast dome-shaped building; the tiles of the roof of yellow porcelain, and the eaves painted in most brilliant colors, give it a gorgeous appearance, but the woodwork is decaying, and grass grows on the steps and terrace, and it has altogether a dilapidated and neglected air. (P307→P198)
▲As I rode along through scenes which it was worth while coming all the way from home to see; I could not help giving to them all the admiration of my heart which their beauty demanded. A tribute so due that you must perforce pay it. (P284→P183)
▲ Looking up from the entrance of the park, the groups of buildings which were scattered through the thickly wooded hollow in the hill-side extended for about a mile and a half up the hill, and reached about half-a-mile right and left of the entrance; soon after the order was given, you saw a wreath of smoke curling up through the trees that shaded a vast temple of great antiquity, which was near the centre of the park, and roofed with yellow tiles that glistened in the sun, molded as they were in every grotesque form that only a Chinese imagination could conceive.(P287→P185)
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▲In a slowing U.S economy, job opportunities are shaped by uncertainty. As president of a small college, I am keenly aware of the job market that awaits this year's graduates. The recent news that Bear Steams was nullifying a few hundred job offers to business school students fits a pattern of corporate downsizing that isn't lost on college campuses across the USA. But even with the darkening economic clouds, rays of good news await this year's graduates. Sure, companies are laying off workers, but many are also looking for new talent, especially at the entry level.
As more than a million entrants flood the job market, students should know that in a global marketplace, language skills will go a long way. So will flexibility. If a grad is ready to accept an entry-level job, give a little on job requirements and move if the company asks, chances are he'll land a job. So despite the rising job losses, a new graduate should embrace the market as the first challenge of a long career.
▲In a normal recession, the to-do list is clear. Copies of Keynes are dusted off, the Fed lowers interest rates, the president and Congress cut taxes and hike spending. In time, purchasing, production and loans perk up, and Keynes is placed back on the shelf. No larger alterations to the economy are made, because our economy, but for the occasional bump in the road, is fundamentally sound.
This has been the drill in every recession since World War II.
Republicans and Democrats argue over whose taxes should be cut the most and which projects should be funded, but, under public pressure to do something, they usually find some mutually acceptable midpoint and enact a stimulus package. Even in today's hyperpartisan Washington, the odds still favor such a deal.
This time, though, don't expect that to be the end of the story -- because the coming recession will not be normal, and our economy is not fundamentally sound. This time around, the nation will have to craft new versions of some of the reforms that Franklin Roosevelt created to steer the nation out of the Great Depression。
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