y?x2?2x?1的图象.
b4ac?b2,(参考:二次函数y?ax?bx?c(a?0)图象的顶点坐标是(?)) 2a4a2解:(1)x?2x?1?0 解得 x1?1?2, x2?1?2
∴图象与x轴的交点坐标为(1?2,0)和(1?2,0) ······································ 4分
2b?24ac?b2?4?1?(?2)2???1 ???2 (2)?2a2?14a4?1∴顶点坐标为(1,?2)
将二次函数y?x2图象向右平移1个单位,再向下平移2个单位,就可得到二次函数y?x2?2x?1的图象
(2008年江苏省无锡市,26T,9分)已知抛物线y?ax2?2x?c与它的对称轴相交于点A(1,?4),与y轴交于C,与x轴正半轴交于B. (1)求这条抛物线的函数关系式;
(2)设直线AC交x轴于D,P是线段AD上一动点(P点异于A,D),过P作PE∥x轴交直线AB于E,过E作EF?x轴于F,求当四边形
OPEF的面积等于
7时点P的坐标. 2,?4)是抛物线的顶点, 26.解:(1)由题意,知点A(1??2?1,?? ·········································································································· (2分) ??2a???4?a?2?c,?a?1,c??3,?抛物线的函数关系式为y?x2?2x?3. ································ (3分)
?3).设直线AC的函数关系式为y?kx?b, (2)由(1)知,点C的坐标是(0,?b??3,?b??3,k??1,?y??x?3. ·则?················································· (4分)
?4?k?b,?0). 由y?x?2x?3?0,得x1??1,x2?3,?点B的坐标是(3,设直线AB的函数关系式是y?mx?n,
2则??3m?n?0,解得m?2,n??6.
m?n??4.?···································································· (5分) ?直线AB的函数关系式是y?2x?6. ·设P点坐标为(xP,yP),则yP??xP?3.
?PE∥x轴,?E点的纵坐标也是?xP?3.
设E点坐标为(xE,yE),
?点E在直线AB上,??xP?3?2xE?6,?xE??3?xP??EF?x轴,?F点的坐标为?,0?,
2???PE?xE?xP?3?xP. ································· (6分) 23?3xP3?xP,OF?,EF??(?xP?3)?xP?3, 2211?3?3xP3?xP?7, ················· (7分) ?S四边形OPEF?(PE?OF)?EF????(x?3)??P22?22?22xP2?3xP?2?0,?xP??2,xP?而?3??2?1,?3?1,当y?0时,x??3, 21?1, 2(9分)
?17??P点坐标为?,?1). ??和(?2,?22?(2008年江苏省南通市,24T,8分)已知点A(-2,-c)向右平移8个单位得到点A′,A与A′两点均在抛物线y?ax?bx?c上,且这条抛物线与y轴的交点的纵坐标为-6,求这条抛物线的顶点坐标. 24.解:由抛物线y?ax?bx?c与y轴交点的纵坐标为-6,得c=-6. ∴A(-2,6),点A向右平移8个单位得到点A′(6,6) ∵A与A′两点均在抛物线上,
22?4a?2b?6?6?a?1∴?,解这个方程组,得?
36a?6b?6?6b??4??故抛物线的解析式是y?x?4x?6?(x?2)?10 ∴抛物线顶点坐标为(2,-10)
22,?4),与y轴交于C,与x轴(2008江苏省无锡) 已知抛物线y?ax?2x?c与它的对称轴相交于点A(1正半轴交于B.
(1)求这条抛物线的函数关系式;
2(2)设直线AC交x轴于D,P是线段AD上一动点(P点异于A,D),过P作PE∥x轴交直线AB于
E,过E作EF?x轴于F,求当四边形OPEF的面积等于
7时点P的坐标. 2,?4)是抛物线的顶点,解:(1)由题意,知点A(1
??2?1,?? ·········································································································· (2分) ??2a???4?a?2?c,?a?1,c??3,?抛物线的函数关系式为y?x2?2x?3. ································ (3分)
?3).设直线AC的函数关系式为y?kx?b, (2)由(1)知,点C的坐标是(0,?b??3,?b??3,k??1,?y??x?3. ·则?················································· (4分)
?4?k?b,?0). 由y?x?2x?3?0,得x1??1,x2?3,?点B的坐标是(3,设直线AB的函数关系式是y?mx?n,
2则??3m?n?0,解得m?2,n??6.
?m?n??4.···································································· (5分) ?直线AB的函数关系式是y?2x?6. ·设P点坐标为(xP,yP),则yP??xP?3.
?PE∥x轴,?E点的纵坐标也是?xP?3.
设E点坐标为(xE,yE),
?点E在直线AB上,??xP?3?2xE?6,?xE??3?xP??EF?x轴,?F点的坐标为?,0?,
?2?3?xP. ································· (6分) 2?PE?xE?xP?3?3xP3?xP,OF?,EF??(?xP?3)?xP?3, 2211?3?3xP3?xP?7, ················· (7分) ?S四边形OPEF?(PE?OF)?EF????(x?3)??P22?22?22xP2?3xP?2?0,?xP??2,xP?而?3??2?1,?3?1,当y?0时,x??3, 21?1, 2?17??P点坐标为?,?1). ··········································································· (9分) ??和(?2,?22?(2008江苏省宿迁)在平面直角坐标系中,函数y??x?1与y??yyy3(x?1)2的图象大致是 2yOxOxOOxxABCD
答案选D
(2008江苏省宿迁)某宾馆有客房90间,当每间客房的定价为每天140元时,客房会全部住满.当每间客房每天的定价每涨10元时,就会有5间客房空闲.如果旅客居住客房,宾馆需对每间客房每天支出60元的各种费用.
(1)请写出该宾馆每天的利润y(元)与每间客房涨价x(元)之间的函数关系式;
(2)设某天的利润为8000元,8000元的利润是否为该天的最大利润?如果是,请说明理由;如果不是,请求出最大利润,并指出此时客房定价应为多少元? (3)请回答客房定价在什么范围内宾馆就可获得利润? 解:(1)由题意得y?(140?60?x)(90?x1?5)即y??x2?50x?7200. 102(2) 8000元的利润不是为该天的最大利润. ∵y??121(x?100x?2500)?1250?7200??(x?50)2?8450 22∴当x?50即每间客房定价为190元时,宾馆当天的最大利润为8450元. (3)由?12x?50x?7200?0得x2?100x?14400?0,即(x?180)(x?80)?0 2解得?80?x?180,由题意可知当客房的定价为:大于60元而小于320元时,宾馆就可获得利润. (2008江苏省宿迁)如图,⊙O的半径为1,正方形ABCD顶点B坐标为(5,0),顶点D在⊙O上运动. (1)当点D运动到与点A、O在同一条直线上时,试证明直线CD与⊙O相切;
(2)当直线CD与⊙O相切时,求CD所在直线对应的函数关系式;
(3)设点D的横坐标为x,正方形ABCD的面积为S,求S与x之间的函数关系式,并求出S的最大值与
y最小值.
C
D
B
O5x1
A第27题
解:(1) ∵四边形ABCD为正方形 ∴AD?CD
∵A、O、D在同一条直线上 ∴?ODC?90? ∴直线CD与⊙O相切; (2)直线CD与⊙O相切分两种情况:
①如图1, 设D1点在第二象限时,过D1作
yCD1E1?x轴于点E1,设此时的正方形的边长为a,则
D1E1O1B5x(a?1)2?a2?52,解得a?4或a??3(舍去).
OE1D1E1OD1?? OABAOB由Rt?BOA∽Rt?D1OE1 得
Ay第27题图1 3434∴OE1?,D1E1? ∴D1(?,),故直线
55554OD的函数关系式为y??x;
3 ②如图2, 设D2点在第四象限时,过D2作
COD2E2?x轴于点E2,设此时的正方形的边长为b,
222则(b?1)?b?5,解得b?3或b??4(舍去).
E21D2AB5x由Rt?BOA∽Rt?D2OE2
得
第27题图2