C、动词的过去式和过去分词
（一）不规则变化（见课本不规则变化表P255） （二）规则变化
1) ―辅+y‖结尾，变y为i加ed 2)双写加ed 3)直接加ed
写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词
1.drop ______ _______2.stop ______ ______ 3.prefer ________ _________
4.study ______ ______5.try ______ ____ 6.fix _____ ______ 7.relax ______ ______
附Ⅱ——情态动词（can/ could; may/ might; must; should）+动原 1.must(必须)——needn‘t(不必)
may(可以)——mustn‘t(不许；不准；不可以) 2.注意几个题：
1)—May I go with you? —No, you _________.
2)—Must I turn off the light now?
—Yes, you ______/ No, you _________ 附Ⅲ——动词不定式与动名词 A、动词不定式作宾补
1)tell / ask / want sb to do ______________ 否定式：tell/ask/want sb not to do __________ ____________________ 2)省to不定式作宾补
即：(l, m, n, 3h, 2看, 1f) sb do
l—let; m—make; n—notice; 3h—hear, have, help; 2看—see, watch; 1f—feel 但注意：1)help sb (to) do (to可省、可不省) 2)在改作被动语态时省去的to应还原 eg. Someone heard him sing in the room. He was heard to sing in the room. B、动词不定式与动名词的区别
1.(hope; learn; want=would like; decide) to do 2.(enjoy; finish; keep; mind; practise) doing
?bebusy(in)??spend...(in)????feellike???stop/keep/prevent...from????makeacontributionto?doing ??preferdoingto????havefun??havesomeproblems??????beworth?
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?todo:停下来去做（另一件事）stop?doing:停止做（正在做的事）??todo:忘记做??（未做）?3.?forget
doing:忘记已做了??（已做）??todo:记住做??（未做）?remember?doing:记住已做了??（已做）?4.(see,watch,hear)sbdo(动作结束）doing(动作在进行）
5.goontodo:接着做??（另一件事）doing:继续做??（原来的事）todo6（.begin,start,like)(常可替换）
doing?Whynot??hadbetter???7.???动原 ?Will/would/Couldyouplease????prefertodoratherthan?8.介词+doing
eg. 1)What/ How about doing 2)be good at doing
附Ⅳ——宾语从句与状语从句中的时态 1.状语从句中的时态： 主句 1）一般将来时 2）祈使句 3）情态动词原形 时间、条件句 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般过去时 eg.1)I‘ll call you as soon as he ______ (come) back.
2)He won‘t go to bed until he _________ (finish) his homework.
3)I‘ll help you if I _____ (be) free tomorrow 2.宾语从句中的时态： 主句 一般现在时 宾语从句 一切时态 过去范畴的某一时态（一般一般过去时 过去时；过去进行时；过去完成时；过去将来时） 但当宾语从句是指客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象时，则只能用一般现在时。 eg.1)He said his father _________(come) back in two days. 2)The teacher said light ________(travel) faster than sound. 附Ⅴ——主谓一致
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1.表“时间、距离、金钱、长度”的名词短语做主语时应看作一个整体，视为三单 eg. Two months is quite a long time.
2.people; police形单实为复，作主为复
eg. The police are looking for the missing boy. 3.maths, news, physics形复实为单，作主为单
4.family; class看作整体时作主语为单数；看作整体中的各成员时则为复数。 eg. 1)My family is a big one.
2)My family are watching TV.
5.由with, except, as well as连接的两名词作主语，谓语由前者决定 eg. The teacher with his students is going to Beijing tomorrow.
6.由neither…nor; either…or; not only…bout also连接的两名词作主语，谓语由后者决定 eg. Neither he nor I am a teacher.
7.不定代词（something; anything; nothing; someone; anyone; everyone…）作主语为三单 Nobody knows it except me.
8.One of + 复名… 作主语为单数
eg. One of my friends is a computer engineer. 9.―the +姓的复数‖作主语为复数 eg. The Lius are watching TV now. 10.sheep; deer; fish单复同形，注意区别作主语是单还是复 eg. 1)There are many sheep on the hill. 2)Milk ____ white, and sheep ______ white, too. (be填空)
11.there be结构中，如果有两个以上的名词作主语，则be应与最接近的那个名词一致。（即：靠近原则）eg.
1)There ____a box and some pens on the desk. 2)There ____some pens and a box on the desk. 12. either, neither, each作主语为三单
eg. Neither of the twins ______(like) drawing.
13.由两部分构成的事物名词（trousers, glasses, chopsticks）作主语为复数，但当前面有pair短语修饰时，则谓语由pair的单复数来决定谓语。 eg.1)Where ____(be) my glasses?
2)That pair of trousers ____(be) Mr. Green‘s
附Ⅵ——“短命”动词与“长命”动词之间的转化
buy—have ; borrow—keep ; die—be dead ; leave—be away (from); come back—be back; fall asleep—be asleep ; open—be open ;
catch a cold—have a cold; go /get out—be out;
arrive (reach / get to / come to) +地点—be in +地点；join—be in +集体（或be + 成员）； turn on—be on; turn off—be off ; get a letter from—have a letter from. end /finish—be over ; get up—be up ;
1) He has (A) bought (B) the fridge (C) for (D) two years. _________ 2)How long (A) may (B) I borrow (C) the (D) book? _________ 3)The film (A) has begun (B) for five minutes(C). _________
4)Tom has got (A) the letter (B) from (C) Jim for two days (D). __________ 5)I have (A) caught (B) a cold since two years ago (C). ____________ 6)He has (A) come to (B) Beijing for ten years(C) ___________
7)My brother (A) has joined (B) the army (C) for (D) five years. ___________
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练 习
一、写出下列各时态的构成，然后找出各时态所对应的时间状语，只写代号 1、一般现在时：__________ _________ 时间状语 _______________________ 2、一般过去时 _________________ 时间状语_______________________ 3、一般将来时:___________ __________
__________
时间状语_____________________ 4、现在进行时_____________________ 时间状语_______________________ 5、 现在完成时____________________ 时间状语_______________________ 6、过去进行时_____________________ 时间状语_______________________ 提供的时间状语如下：
A. since she came in B. in two days C. when she came in D. next week E. often F. five days ago G. sometimes H. last year I. look之后的句子 J. just K. at 4:30 yesterday L. so far
M. for ten years N. since two years ago 二、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1.Mother ________ (watch) TV every evening. 2.We________(talk) when the teacher came in. 3.He ________(go) to Beijing two days ago. 4.He ________(leave) Chengdu in two days.
5.Look! The boy________(play) football on the playground. 6.My uncle ______(live) here for ten years.
7.He often helps the old woman _______ (carry) water.
8.Would you like to make a contribution to ________ (improve) our living conditions? 9.Don‘t forget ________(turn) off the lights before you go out. 10.Please let the girls _____(go) first.
11.They had great fun ________(play) football this afternoon. 12.Do you enjoy ________(watch) TV?
13.Would you like ______(have) a cup of tea? 14.You can ______(go) there tomorrow.
15.Would you mind my _____(open) the door? 16.Please ask him _______(speak) more loudly 17.I‘ll go fishing if it ____(be) fine tomorrow.
18.He said his grandpa ________(be) dead for ten years. 19.Tell the children __________(not play) in the street.
20.Mr Zhu spent much time _________(help) me with my English. 21.I‘ll tell you as soon as he ____ (come) back. 22.Each of us _____(want) to go to college.
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23.Thank you for ______(help) me.
24.The teacher told us the earth ____(go) round the sun. 25.My father is good at _____(fish). 26.You‘d better______(not talk) in class.
27.The teacher stopped_______(talk) to us when we went into the office. 28.I saw her _______(cook) when I got home.
29.Look! A woman with two children _____ (be) coming towards us. 30.His family ___ not big, but the family ____ (be) interested in music. 31.Two months _____(be) quite a long time. 32.He asked if Tom ______(come) in two days 33.One of our teachers _____(be) a foreigner.
34.The Greens ______(have) been to the Great Wall twice. 35.He is practicing _______(speak) English with Mr. Green.
36.This pair of glasses ___ mine. The glasses on the table ____ his (be). 37.There ____ an apple, a pear and some bananas on the table. (be) 38.______(read) in bed ___(be)bad your eyes.
39.Hello, Jim! I ________ (not know) you we in Chengdu. I ______ (tell) you were still in London. 40.It _______(say) that another bridge_______ (build) over the river next year. 41. He left the room without _______ (say) goodbye.
42. Many trees ________ (plant) in our school yard these years. 43. The police _____ (be) trying to catch the thief.
44. The family _____(be) spending the weekend together. 三、选择填空
( )1.—Must I turn off the light now?
---No, you _______
A. needn‘t B. mustn‘t C. can‘t
( )2.Our teacher told us the sun ____ in the east. A. rose B. rises C. is rising ( )3.He ___ back in a month.
A. will come B. come C. came ( )4.I ___ him before.
A. met B. had met C. have met
( )5.The teacher ____ to Japan this year. She‘s now telling her pupils about it. A. went B. has been C. has gone
( )6.It ____ hard when I got home yesterday. A. rained B. is raining C. was raining ( )7.Why not ____ again?
A. to try B. try C. trying ( )8.He has finished ____ the letter. A. writing B. to write C. wrote ( )9.It _____ every night.
A. happens B. is happened C. happened
( )10.The policeman told the children ____ in the street. A. not play B. not to play C. don‘t play ( )11.The box is too heavy for me ____. A. to carry it B. to carry C. carrying it ( )12.Stop ____and listen to the teacher.
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