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UNIT 9
重点单词和短语
dependency upwards liability revision lengthen alter proportion appreciation acknowledge neglect esteem handle appropriate withdraw
worthless
approximate to be classified as rather than in one’s thirties in terms of take advantage of cope with no other …than look down on view as exchange …for
例：It would be better to make a decision now, ___ leave it until next week. (06-4) A. other than B. rather than C. less than D. more than B 重点、难点句子详解
1. …because lots of dependent babies are more of a liability than numbers of the inactive aged.
解析：be+of+名词,表示具有与该名词同源的形容词的性质。例: The girl is of beauty.= The girl is beautiful. A number of = numbers of表示一些、若干，谓语动词用复数the number of表示…的数目，谓语动词用单数。
2. There is often resistance to the idea that it is because the birthrate fell earlier in Western and Northwestern Europe than elsewhere, rather than because of any change in the death rate, that we have grown so old.
解析：the idea后的that 引导同位语从句，同位语从句部分是一个it is …that …结构的强调句型，强调部分是原因状语从句；rather than意思是“而不是”。
3. Children need help understanding that their self-esteem and the self-esteem of those they interact with have a direct effect on each other.
解析：that引导的宾语从句，包含一个省略that的定语从句，they interact with修饰those; have an effect on/upon …对…有影响。
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UNIT10
重点单词和短语
strategy representative democratic nominee certainty decline congress
loyalty provision election stir pursue dominate competitor opposition
nominate collectively automatically contest assault
stand no chance of identify…as impact on either…or … draw away from focus on lose sth. to sb. in number break up in the running in /out of power
in favor of come into power carry on a number of as a consequence of as a result of break down 重点、难点句子详解
1. Although presidential elections occur every 4 years.
解析：occur意思是发生，occur to 被想起，例如：An idea has occurred to me. 2. In deciding whether to pursue a course of action, they try to estimate its likely impact on the voters.
解析：course of action 意思是行动方案；
3. The advantage of the second party over the third is so great that it is the only party that is likely to be able to overturn the party in power.
解析：have an advantage over … 优于；so …that 如此…以至于引导结果状语从句，that 引导的状语从句中，包含一个that引导的定语从句。
4. Usually the small parties collectively poll less than 5 per cent of the vote cast in national election.
解析：cast是过去分词。
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UNIT 11
重点单词和短语
disorder irrelevant misleading simulate replace undergo negative remark
relief deprive prevail delightful literal nevertheless touching contented
imperative devotion refine
do research into aim for take…for granted feel bitter at sacrifice to be central to
do experiment on be irrelevant to bring out goings and comings at ease plea for
not(never) for a moment catch/seize hold of 例：你所说的与我们正在讨论的毫不相干。（06-4） 重点、难点句子详解
1. The famous example of thalidomide is a case for more animal testing, not less. 解析：for意思是in favor of; support; case 案例、病例、实例 例：Doctors believe that bad nerves are the cause of sleeplessness in ninety-nine ___ out of a hundred.
A. examples B. events C. instances D. cases (D)
2. When it comes to research into heart disease and its effects on the body, or disease of the brain for example, we do not have adequate substitutes for the use of animals. 解析：when it comes to是一个固定句型，意思是当谈到…的时候；substitute for意思是代替、替换，for 后面是被替换的对象；例如：Honey can substitute for sugar. 3. Many other new techniques are now available that enable more research to be done in the test tube… 解析：that 引导的是定语从句，修饰techniques; available 意思是可以应用、使用。
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UNIT 12
重点单词和短语
symptom intellectual detail enhance initial confront sensitivity surrounding character modest miserable administration respectively volunteer identity primarily psychology undertake gamble
be contrary to put off be confronted with draw on dream of at sea impress on
in reality let go of gaze on be aware of in one’s mind’s eye go over free from
put aside=set aside be beneficial to add up to at one’s best influence on in turn
in general make a difference
例：1. With all this done, I have been freed (free) from all troubles and responsibilities. (05-4)
2. Although she is very busy, Mum ___ some time every day to read to us. A. sets off B. sets for C. sets aside D. sets up C 重点、难点句子详解
1. Not only are they less able to deal with the pressure of day-to-day existence, but also… 解析：not only放在句首，后面的谓语动词采取倒装形式。
2. In another experiment at Yale University, Dr. Jerome found that daydreaming resulted in improved self-control and enhanced creative thinking ability.
解析：improved, enhanced都是过去分词做定语，修饰后面的名词词组；result in 意思是导致、结果是。
3. “you can relate this to wakening psychology, where being alone leads to more unhappiness.”
解析：where翻译成在刚睡醒的状态下，引导定语从句修饰wakening psychology.
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UNIT 13
重点单词和短语
compel voluntary coincide with eliminate subtle outrage tighten excessive competition encounter series assembly disapproval response at a guess go in for expect to do so far as sb. knows attitude towards take it easy
on and off put an end to expect sth. of sb. in return have an edge on/over so long as apply oneself to at present on occasion sit down on in vain with a view to
重点、难点句子详解
1. because they can put their aggression into their work, be it physical like the work of a smith, or mental like the work of a scientist or an artist. 解析：be it…or…意思就是whether it is …or …,就是一个让步状语从句，省略引导词, be提前；参见教材166页，注释3。
2. Since the bosses cannot do without profit, workers have an edge. 解析：do without没有也行；have an edge有优势。
3. Most people not directly engaged in daily work express disapproval when they hear of people working on and off.
解析：engaged in是过去分词短语，修饰people.
更多资料参考
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