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UNIT 3
重点单词和短语
deteriorate debate (on/upon) request ensure oppose(be
opposed to) burden sensitive privilege appoint bias accessible
recruit
be affected with carry out in addition to in this case open up care for take into account have …at heart be sensitive to opt out of for short amount to
on (the) average compete with blame sb. for sth. by nature when it comes to
be related to be worth doing
重点、难点句子详解
1. It is very easy in society now for the elderly, the disabled and the dependent to feel that they are burdens.
例：It is important ___ there in time.
A. for you to get B. to you to get C. your getting D. of you getting (A)
2. And it may be worth remembering that …
解析：be worth意思是值得，后面接名词、代词以及主动形式的动名词。 3. Many people, though, are totally against the practice of euthanasia.
解析：Though是一个起连结性作用的副词，意思相当于however, but.
4. “Well, it’s not as if I’m planning to murder a crowd of people with a machine gun.” 解析：As if 引出的从句，谓语动词根据实际情况选择用虚拟语气形式还是一般陈述语气。
例：It seems as if it were spring now. 使用虚拟语气
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UNIT 4
重点单词和短语
domestic exploit campaign execute convict incidence deserve
despite deport minimum maintenance guilt immigrant weed deny degrade inhumane civil liberty disaffection argument circus
bring over watch over in unison call up pay back up to a great deal of
be supposed to convict … of feel like protect …from risk doing sth.
deal with according to be deserving of threaten to do sth. agree to do sth.
distinguish from react to clean up 重点、难点句子详解
1. And they can have their passports removed, making leaving or “escaping” virtually impossible.
解析：making…是分词短语，表示结果，impossible做宾补。removed是过去分词作宾补，表示有完成和被动的含义。
2. It is, they say, the right to change employers which distinguishes employment from slavery.
解析：they say是插入语，本句是一个强调句式，which可以改成that,句子会更正式。
3. Six out of every ten prisoners in chains are black, which is why the chain gangs call up images of slavery in centuries gone by.
解析：数字+out of every+数字，意思是每…个中就有…个；which引导非限定性的定语从句修饰前面整个句子;gone by是分词短语修饰centuries表示已经完成。 4. What they will do is make prisoners more angry, more hostile…
解析：what引导的主语从句中带有实义动词do,表语不定式可以带to,也可以省略to.
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UNIT 5
重点单词和短语
folk transformation distinct sentiment originate spontaneous synthesis
readily amplifier electronics studio penetrating thereby participate
multimedia live inspire invariably improvise constructive creative
preliminary painstaking conception temper mold diversified conventional harmony evident
take over take on take up take over take place build out of in existence
in a sense at a stretch serve as in advance for the sake of be born
in fashion begin with it goes without saying that 重点、难点句子详解
1. What happened, as well as it can be put into words, was this. 解析：第一个as 是副词，第二个as 是连词，well是副词修饰put,注意区别as well as;
例: Those stories, as well as this boring one, have been told almost hundreds of times. 2. Electronics did, in fact, make possible sounds that no instrument up to that time could produce.
解析：make是谓语动词，sounds that no instrument up to that time could produce是宾语，possible是宾补前置了，英语中有时为了句子结构的平衡，可对句子结构进行调整。
3. It is difficult to summarize the composing methods of so diversified a group.
解析：so/too+形容词+a/an +名词以及such+a/an+形容词+名词是固定搭配，例如：He was not so big a fool as he looked.
4. The creative act with Palestrina is not thematic conception so much as the personal treatment of well-established pattern.
解析：not …so much as …意思是与其说…不如说…，不像…那么…
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UNIT 6
重点单词和短语
efficiency appliance specific shade prevalent increasingly switch
defective spray personnel completion assemble cast reduction critical
intensify warning precede speculate partial reliability forecast decay
subside analyze shift
expose sth./sb. to to a degree convert …to/into prevent…from in between
be responsible for in question differ from work on in that plenty of
be capable of too …to be on the alert set up associate with be involved in
重点、难点句子详解
1. Thus, people who need to exert much energy in their work will find relaxation most desirable in leisure.
解析：exert oneself to do sth.意思是努力做某事；find+宾语+补语（adj, -ing, -ed, 不定式，介词短语）。
2. Hence, it can be argued that the people with whom we come into contact in these various contexts are…
解析：It can be argued that…是以it作形式主语的被动语态结构，类似的还有：It is said that, It is believed that, It is reported that, It is thought that; with whom …是介词+关系代词的限定性定语从句，修饰people. Come into contact with与…接触
3.It is not how much time you allocate for study that counts but how much you learn when you do study.
解析：这是一个强调句式，被强调的部分可以是主语、宾语、状语以及从句，可用that,which,who 引导。
4.This will not only keep the study habit alive but also keep you up to date on your class assignments and projects.
解析：keep +宾语+adj.意思是使…保持某种状态；up to date意思是最新的，切合目前情况的。
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UNIT 8
重点单词和短语
internal external overcome destination reset neutral feasible proceeding
alarm promote interact fade duration moderate distraction exceptional
remedy productivity appreciate mislead typical
effect on blame sth. on sb.= blame sb. for sth. as fresh as paint now that leave alone out of step in time a short cut come across due to attend to
fall apart be true of lack of at hand at once play a role in be faced with account for to date= so far = up to now 重点、难点句子详解
1. Confused? So was John Foster Dulles, the American Secretary of State.
解析：confused是are you confused?的省略句；当以So开头表示与前边情况类似的句子时，要用倒装语序。例如：My brother can speak French, so can my sister. 2. It is not feasible to wait four days until the body is used to the new time zone. 解析：it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式结构，until 与not 连用，翻译为直到…才，例如：Don’t open the door until the train stops.
3. There is evidence , of course, that motivation plays an important role in overcoming the effects of distractors and that there are considerable differences in … 解析：两个that引导的同位语从句，说明evidence;