That和what引导名词性从句时的区别
答题要点：请记住that引导名词性从句的时候，只是起到引导作用，不能在该名词性从句中充当任何成分。What则不然，它不但起引导作用，而且还要在该名词性从句中充当一定的成分（比如充当主语或宾语）。
__A__ he said has nothing to do with me. A. What B. That
_A_ he has passed the test really surprises us. A. That B. What
6.1.1主语从句
考试重点：主语从句常用的连词的用法；it is desirable that引导的主语从句的用法。
在句子中担当主语的是一个从句，这个从句就叫主语从句。主语从句可以由下列连词、连接代词和连接副词引导，且不能省略。 连词：that，whether
连接代词：what，whatever，who，whoever等。 连接副词：when，where，how，why
*由连词that，whether引导的主语从句。
连词that，whether在主语从句中的作用只是引导主语从句，它在从句中不担任成分，不能省略，且由它们引导的主语从句，多用it做形式主语。
（1）_____ was unimportant.
A. Whether he enjoyed our dinner or not B. No matter how he enjoyed our dinner C. If he enjoyed our dinner D. What he enjoyed our dinner （答案：A）（2000年40题）
（2）That the earth is round is true.（It is true that the earth is round.）
地球是圆的， 是个事实。
*由连接代词和连接副词引导的主语从句
它们分别在从句中担任主语、宾语和状语，不能省略。注意翻译时不能把它们译为疑问句。由它们引导的主语从句，也可以用形式主语it引导。
（1）Who let out the news remained unknown.（It remained unknown who let out the news.）
谁泄露了那个消息仍旧无人知道。
（2）When we?ll start is not clear.（It is not clear when we?ll
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start.）
我们何时出发还不清楚。 ??
*以关系代词what, whatever, whoever…引导的主语从句。
What有时可以用来表示the thing which这种意思，引导从句，表示一样东西或一件事情。Who，whom，which，what，可以和ever构成合成词，和what一样引导从句，ever起强调作用。此类句子不能用形式主语it引导，它们在句子中担任成份，不能省略，语序为陈述句的语序。
（1）_____ I saw was two men crossing the street. A. What B. Whom C. Who D. That
（答案：A）（2001年38题）
（2）_____ was not the way the event happened. A. Which the press reported B. That the press reported C. what did the press report D. What the press reported
（答案：D。主语从句，what在从句中做宾语。）（1998年24题）
*句型It is desirable （suggested, necessary, requested, ordered, proposed, urgent）+that+主语+should（可省略）+V（动词原形）。 （1）It?s urgent that a meeting _____ before the final decision is made.
A. will be arranged B. must be arranged C. be arranged
D. would be arranged
（答案：C）（2003年45题）
（2）It is highly desirable that a new president _____ for this university.
A. is appointed
B. will be appointed C. be appointed
D. has been appointed
（答案：C）（1997年52题） ??6.1.2表语从句
考试重点：表语从句的基本用法；含有suggestion，proposal等词的表语从句的用法。
*在从句中做表语的从句叫表语从句。它位于主句中的系动词
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之后，常用的关联词和主语从句相同。
（1）This is what he wants. 这就是他想要的东西。 （2）The question is whether we can finish our work by tomorrow morning.
问题是我们明天上午能否完成任务。
*用suggestion等词表示愿望、建议、命令等情绪时，用虚拟语气，从句中用should（可省略）+动词原形。
（1）The general?s command was that the soldiers _____ their fort and carry out more important tasks. A. would leave B. leave C. left
D. have left
（答案：B）（2002年48题） （2）His proposal is that they（should）challenge the other groups to a friendly competition.
他提议他们和别的组挑战进行一场友谊竞赛。 ?6.1.3、宾语从句
考试重点：宾语从句用陈述句的语序；介词后面的宾语从句；suggest，insist，order，demand等动词后接宾语从句时，用虚拟语气；if和whether的区别。
*宾语从句用陈述句的语序
（1）Can you tell me _____ about the city that makes people love it so much?
A. it is what B. what it is C. what is it D. is it what
（答案：B。宾语从句用陈述句的语序。）（1999年47题） （2）No one doubts _____ it is true. A. whether B. if C. that d. what
（答案：C。I doubt whether/if…我怀疑。I don?t doubt that …我毫不怀疑。又如：I doubt whether he can speak English. 我怀疑他是否会说英语。） （1997年38题） *介词后面的宾语从句
（1）The people at the party were worried about Janet because no one was aware _____ she had gone. A. where that B. of where C. of the place
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D. the place
（答案: B。where 引导的从句做介词的宾语。）（1998年48题）
（2）He was a man of fine character in all points _____ he was rather timid. A. in that
B. except that C. for that D. except for
（答案：B）（1997年53题）
*suggest，insist，order，demand等动词后作宾语时，表示欲望、建议、命令等时，用虚拟语气。
①His mother insisted that he _____ the coat when going out. A. put on B. puts on C. to put
D. putting on
（答案：A）（1999年58题）
②The doctor advised that Mr. Malan _____ an operation right away so as to save his life. A. had
B. would have C. have
D. was going to have
（答案：C）（1998年28题）
*在下列情况下不能用if , 而用whether。
后跟不定式：He didn?t tell me whether to go or stay. 他没有告诉我是走还是留下。
前面有介词：He raised the question of whether we could find the necessary money.
他提出我们能否筹集到必要的资金这个问题。
引导主语从句：Whether they win or lose is all the same to me. 他们胜利也好，失败也好，对我来说都是一样的。
后面直接跟or not：I wonder whether I?ll catch the last bus or not.
我不知道我能否赶上末班车。 ?6.2定语从句
4. 定语从句 A college boy A big boy
形容词和名词可以作定语，放在名词前来修饰 请翻译：一个在2008年上大学的男孩 A ____ boy
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在英语中我们找不到任何一个词语能够表达如此复杂的意思，这时候我们可以用一个句子来表达这个意思，并且把句子放在名词后，这个句子就是一个定语从句.
He goes to college in 2008
A boy who goes to college in 2008
定语从句一般在其前要加一个引导词，考点主要就在于此 解题关键：
用什么引导词，关键要看前面的那个名词
1. 如果那个名词是人，则定语从句的引导词可以用that/who；如果该
名词在定语从句中充当的是宾语，则引导词可以用that/whom I like the boy _that/who___ goes to college in 2008. I like the boy _that/whom___ the man has beaten.
2. 如果那个名词是事物，则定语从句的引导词用that/which I like the book_which/that__ I bought yesterday.
*如果那个名词后面有个逗号，则请记住，引导词一定不要用that I like that book, _which___ I bought yesterday.
3. 如果那个名词表示地点，则后面的引导词要两种情况.
如果该名词在定语从句中充当地点状语，则引导词用where;如果该名词充当主语或宾语则引导词用which/that
I like the place___A__ we spent the holiday together. I like the place _B__ we visited yesterday. A. where B. which
4.如果那个名词表示时间，则后面的定语从句引导词有两种情况.如果该名词在定语从句中充当时间状语，则我们引导词用when;如果该名词充当主语或宾语则引导词用which/that
I will not forget the time__B__ we stayed together. I will not forget the time _A___ we spent in the village. A. which B. when
5. 如果那个名词是reason,则要看reason在定语从句中是否充当原因状语，如果是则引导词用why，如果充当主语或宾语则用which或that. 例：1.This is the reason why he does not love you. 2. this is the reason which I have told you.
6. 如果前后两个名词有“属于”的概念，引导词就用whose *I like the boy__whose__ nose is big. I like the coat__whose_ color is red.
I met my classmate _E__ was working in Beijing and ___father had died. A. who, who B. whose, who C. that, who D, who, that E. that, whose 定语从句答题要点
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