9. have the flu 患感冒, have a cold 感冒 ,have a cough 咳嗽, have a fever 发烧 have a sore throat 喉咙痛, have a headache 头痛 ,have a toothache 牙痛 10. hang out 常去某处，泡在某处, hang on 紧紧抓住, hang about 闲荡,
hang up 挂电话，悬挂，挂起
11. catch you =see you = bye bye ,catch a cold感冒 , catch sb’s eye引起某人注意,
catch the train 赶上火车，catch up with =keep up with 赶上，跟上 ,
12.accept 接受 , 反义词为： refuse。 accept指主观上愿意接受，receive 收到，指客观上收到或拿到，但主观上不一定会接受。 I received his gift yesterday, but I wouldn’t like to accept
it.
13.turn down = refuse 拒绝 turn up 放大调高 turn over 翻身take turns 依次，轮流 14.help sb.(to) do sth 帮助某人做某事 help sb. with sth 在某方面帮助人 help oneself to sth 随便吃
15.at the end of 在…末尾，在…尽头， by the end of 到…末为止 in the end of 终于 16.surprised 形容词，感到意外的，主语是人be surprised to do sth 对做某事感到意外 surprising 形容词，令人惊讶的，主语是物 The news was surpring.
surprise 名词，惊奇、惊讶 to one’s surprise使某人吃惊，动词，使惊奇，使感到意外 It surprise sb to do sth.
17.look forward to 期待，盼望，to 是介词，后跟名词，代词或动名词作宾语。
18.hear from sb. 收到某人的来信 = receive a letter from sb. hear of = hear about 听说 19.reply 回答，指用口头或书面形式回答，不及物动词 reply to sb/sth. 对…..作出回答。 作及物动词，意为回答，回答说。作名词，意为：答道，回信，答复，后跟介词 to . 20.answer 是最普通的用语，包括口头，书面或行动的回答，可作及物和不及物动词。
Unit 10 If you go to the party,you will have a great time 1.ask sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事 2.tell sb. to do sth.告诉某人做某事 3.too…to do sth.太……而不能做某事 4.be afraid to do sth.害怕做某事 5.advise sb. to do sth.劝告某人做某事6.need to do sth.需要做某事 7.It’s best (not) to do sth.最好（不）做某事 8.由 if 引导的条件状语从句 (主将从现)
if 用做连词时，可以表示―如果；假如‖，用来引导一个条件状语从句。如： I will go if he asks me.
If you eat bad food, you may be ill.
注意：在主句和条件状语从句中的动词都表示将来的动作时，主句中常用一般将来时，含有情态动词 的句子或祈使句，也可以是谓语含有want, hope, wish等动词的句子，但从句中常用一般现在时代 替将来时。如：
We will come to see you if we have time.
You won’t be able to pass the exam if you don’t work hard. I hope to visit her if I am free.
1、I think I am going to the party with Karen and Ann. 分析：be going to do sth. 将要、打算做某事。如： I am going to do some shopping with my mother. 辨析：be going to and will.
be going to and will 两者都可以表示将来，其区别如下：
be going to 常用于事先经过的打算、计划或意图，也可用于根据某种迹象将要发生的动作。如： Why are you taking down all the pictures? I am going to repaint the wall.
Look at the dark clouds in the sky. It’s going to rain.
will 常用于不受人的主观意愿影响的单纯将来，也可用于条件状语从句中，还可以表趋向或习惯的 动作。如：
Tomorrow will be Teacher’s Day.
If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go to the zoo. W e will die without air or water. 2、Half of class won’t come. 分析：
①half, adj and n. 一半（的）。 h alf 常用于名词或修饰名词的冠词前面，即half a/an/the/one ’ s +n. 还可以用于a half +n. 这中结构。如： Please cut the cake into halves.
The little boy drank half a bottle of water.== the little boy drank a half bottle of water. Half of the children are from Chinese .
注意：half 短语作主语时，谓语动词与half后的名词保持一致
2017初中英语语法汇总
八年级下册
Unti1 what’s the matter?
1.need to do sth .需要去做某事 2.see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事 3.ask sb sth 询问某人某事 4.expect sb to do sth 期望某人做某事 5.agree to do sth 同意做某事 6.help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事 7.want to do sth 想要做某事8.tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做某事
9.have problems(in) doing sth 做某事有困难 10.use sth to do sth用某物去做某事 11.be/get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事 12.seem to do sth 好像做某事 13.keep on doing sth 继续做某事14.mind doing sth 介意做某事 15.What’s the matter (with you)? 怎么了？出什么事了？ What’s the trouble/ the problem / wrong with sb./ sth.? 16. I had a cold.我感冒了。
have a cold=catch a cold=have the flu感冒 have a fever发烧have a cough咳嗽 have a stomachache胃疼，肚子疼 have a toothache牙疼have a headache头疼 17.身体部位+ache（疼痛）构成新的复合词
stomach+ache=stomachache head+ache=headache tooth+ache=toothache back+ache=backache后背痛 18. much too+形容词或副词，意为太。。。，too much+不可数名词，意为太多。。。。 19. enough【形容、副词】足够的/地，enough放在名词后，形副后。 good enough足够好，enough money足够的钱
20. lie down躺下， lie 躺，躺着，过去式lay；lie说谎，过去式lied
21. maybe ―或许‖，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子。Maybe you are right.
may be，是情态动词+be的结构，意为―可能，也许‖，后加名词、代词或形容词。He may be angry. 22. sound like+名词代词和从句：It sounds like you don’t know the truth. It sounds like a good idea. sound+形容词，―听起来，好像‖，The music sounds nice. 23. need 需要，实义动词need+名词，需要某物；
need to do sth.需要做某事，主语通常是人，表示人主动的动作： You need to listen carefully during class.
need doing sth.主语通常是物，表示被动的动作：Your dirty clothes need washing. 24. get off (the bus) 下（公交车） get on 上车
25. agree 同意，赞同；同意做某事agree to do ，同意某人的看法、观点agree with sb。 26. trouble问题，麻烦；be in trouble陷入困境，make trouble 制造麻烦， have trouble (in) doing sth. =have difficulties (in) doing sth做某事有困难。 27. right away=right now=at once，意为立刻，马上。 28. run out用完，用尽
物sth. run out. 某物用尽了。人sb. run out of sth..人用尽了某物。He run out of all his money last night. 29. risk (sb.) to do sth. 冒险去做某事 take a risk=take risks 冒险 30. the importance of (doing) sth.（做）某事的重要性
We students should know the importance of (learning) English. importance n. 重要（性）， important adj.重要的，unimportant adj.不重要的 31. decision 【名词】决定；抉择； make a decision做决定
32. be in the control of …掌管，管理 The headmaster is in the control of this new school. be out of control无法控制，无法管理
33.【反身代词】英语中共有八个反身代词，在使用时应注意和它所指的相应的对象在人称、性别、数上保持一致。 数人称 单数 复数 第一人称 myself ourselves 第二人称 yourself yourselves 第三人称 himself herself itself themselves 用在某些固定短语当中。
如： look after oneself / take care of oneself 照顾自己 teach oneself sth./ learn sth. by oneself自学
enjoy oneself 玩得高兴，过得愉快help oneself to sth 请自用……（随便吃/喝些……）. hurt oneself摔伤自己 say to oneself自言自语introduce oneself 介绍……自己 leave sb. by oneself把某人单独留下buy oneself sth.给自己买……东西
【提醒】
1. 反身代词不能单独做主语，但可以做主语的同位语，起强调作用。如：我自己能完成作业。 （误）Myself can finish my homework.
(正) I myself can finish my homework. / I can finish my homework myself. 2. 反身代词表示―某人自己‖不能表示―某人的东西‖，因为它没有所有格的形式。表达―某人自己的（东西）‖时，须要用one’s own. 如：我用我自己的蜡笔画画。（误）I’m drawing with myself crayons.
(正) I’m drawing with my own crayons.
Unit 2 I’ll help to clean the city parks
1.need to do sth 需要做某事2.make plan to do sth 制定计划做某事 3.ask sb (not ) to do sth 要求某人（不要）做某事
4.used to do sth 过去常常做某事 5.decide to do sth 决定做某事
6.help sb (to)do sth 帮助某人做某事7.make a difference to 对......产生影响 8.make it possible for sb to do sth 使得做某事对某人来说是可能的 9.动词+副词短语
cheer up 使高兴起来 clean up 打扫干净 put up 张贴 mix up 修理 give away 赠送 give out 分发 give up 放弃use up用光get up 起床
hand in 上交put off 推迟pick up 捡起 think over 仔细思考 turn down 关小音量 set up 建立set off 出发 look out 小心 10.动词+介词短语
look after 照顾 belong to 属于 take after 与....相像hear from 收到.....来信
hear of 听说 pay for 支付wait for 等待 11.动词+副词+介词短语
get out of 避免 come up with 想出catch up with 追上赶上 look forward to 期待盼望go on with 继续 12.动词+名词短语
have a rest 休息一下 take a walk 散步 make mistakes 犯错 have a try 试一下 take place 发生 tell a lie 撒谎 make a decision 做决定 13.动词+名词+介词短语
have a look at 看一看make a friend with 与.....交朋友pay attention to 注意 make fun of 取笑 14.Be+形容词+介词短语
be late for 迟到 be angry with 生气 be fond of 喜欢be good at 擅长 be good for 对...有好处be short of 缺乏be similiar to 与......相似 be strict with 对......严格要求 be pound of 骄傲自豪 15.语法点
动词不定式归纳
只跟动词不定式做宾语的动词
决心学会有希望（ decide to,learn to,wish to,hope to ） 同意计划莫假装（agree to,plan to,pretend to ） 忘记拒绝会失望（forget to,refuse to,fail to ）
准备设法来帮忙（prepare to,try to,manage to,help to） 提供请求负担起（offer to,beg to,afford to ）
记得阻止理应当（rememberto, stop to,be supposed to ）
Unit3 Could you please clean your room?
1.finish doing sth 做完某事 2.want sb to do sth 想要某人做某事 3.try (not) to do sth 尽力（不）做某事 4.let sb do sth 让某人做某事
5.spend......(in) doing sth 花费......做某事 6.mind doing sth 介意做某事
7.learn to do sth 学习做某事 8.learn how to do sth 学习怎样做某事 9.The +比较级，the+比较级越......，就越..... Unit 4 why don’t you talk to your parents?
1.allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事 2.why don’t you do sth?为什么不做某事呢？ 3.why not do sth ?为什么不做某事呢？ 4.find sb doing sth 发现某人在做某事 5.tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做某事6.refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事
7.let sb do sth 让某人做某事 8.offer to do sth 主动提供做某事 9.not....until....直到....才... 10.it’s time to do sth 该做某事了 11.it +adj+to do sth 做某事是.....的 12.keep on doing sth 继续做某事 13.what do you think of...?你认为....怎么样？
Unit5 what were you doing when the rainstorm came?
1.be busy doing sth/be busy with sth 忙于（做）某事2.see sb /sth doing sth 看见某人或某物正在做某事 3.begin/start to do sth 开始做某事 4.try to do sth 努力去做某事 5.have trouble（in）doing sth做某事有困难 6.语法点 过去进行时
过去进行最好记，was/were+doing 特定时间有暗示，过去某刻某时段 肯定主语在句首，一般问句Be提前
否定句式更简单，Be后只把not添
Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains
1.try to do sth 设法做某事 2.finish doing sth 完成做某事 3.continue to do sth 继续做某事 4.make sb do sth 让某人做某事 5.keep doing sth 一直做某事6.instead of doing sth 代替做某事 7.be able to do能够做某事 8.It takes/took.....to do sth 花费...做某事
9.have no time to do sth 没有时间做某事 10.become interested in doing sth 对做某事感兴趣 11.can’t stop doing sth 禁不住做某事 12.hear sb doing sth 听到某人正在做某事
13.lead sb to somewhere 引导某人到某处 14.leave sth at/in somewhere 把某物遗忘在某地 15.show sb sth 向某人展示某物
Unit7 what’s the highest mountain in the world?
1.any other+名词单数其他任何一个...... 2.feel free to ask sb sth on ...... 就...随意问某人某事 3.one of the +形容词最高级+可数名词复数最....的....之一
4.what’s the+形容词最高级+名词 in the world?世界上最....的....是什么？
5.protect....from/against....保护....使不受；防御 6.succeed in doing sth 成功做成某事 7.teach sb about sth 教某人有关.....内容 8.send sb to do sth 派某人去做某事 9.There be sb/sth doing.....有某人/物正在做某事 Unit8 Have you read Treasure Island yet?
1.finish doing sth 完成做某事 2.arrive at/in sw 到达某地
3.learn to do sth 学习做某事 4.see sb doing sth 看到某人正在做某事
5.name sb sth 给某人取名为....... 6.teach sb sth 教某人某事
7.use sth to do 用某物做某事 8.love to do/doing sth 喜欢做某事 9.can’t wait to do sth 迫不及待做某事 10.be kind to sb 对某人友好
11.hope to do sth 希望做某事 12.have time to do sth 有时间做某事 13have nothing to do 没什么事情可做
Unit9 Have you ever been to a museum?
1.a great way to do sth 一个做某事的好方法2.watch sb to do sth 观看某人做了某事 3.It’s unbelievable that....很难相信...... 4.encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事 5. have problem (in）doing sth 做某事很费劲 6.as...as.. 和...一样
7.the best time to do sth 做某事的最佳时间 8.choose to do sth 选择做某事 9.tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做某事
Unit10 I’v had this bike for three years
1.It’s+adj（+for sb)+to do sth (对某人来说）做某事是...... 2.decide to do sth 决定做某事 3.have been in+地点在某处待了多久 4.hope to do sth 希望做某事 5.one of+the +形容词最高级+可数名词复数+V单数最....的...之一是....
6.used to do sth 过去常常做某事 7.need to do sth 需要做某事
2017初中英语语法汇总
九年级
Unit 1 How can we become good learners?
1. by doing sth 通过做某事 2.it +be+adj+to do sth 做某事是……的 3.finish doing sth 完成某事4.what about doing sth？做某事怎么样？
5.try to do sth 尽力做某事6.the +比较近，the+比较近越……，就越…… 7.find it+adj+to do sth 发现做某事 8.be afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事 9.help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事10.practice doing sth 练习做某事