中图分类号： 单位代码：10231
学号：42007273
硕士学位论文
达斡尔族舞蹈的
流变与传承
硕士研究生 ：朱艳雁 导师 郁正民 学科专业 ：艺术教育学 答辩日期 ：2010 年 5 月 授予学位单位 ：哈尔滨师范大学
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目 录
摘要???????????????????????????????1 英文摘要?????????????????????????????2 第一章 绪论???????????????????????????4 第二章 达斡尔族舞蹈的流变与传承?????????????????8
一、达斡尔族的民族起源????????????????????9 二、达斡尔族舞蹈起源?????????????????????11 （一）、“罕肯拜”舞??????????????????????16 （二）、毕力杜尔????????????????????????18 （三）、萨满舞?????????????????????????19 （四）、阿罕白?????????????????????????20 (五)、在新疆地区达斡尔族的其他舞蹈??????????????20 三、达斡尔族舞蹈的艺术特点?????????????????? 20 四、达斡尔族舞蹈的现状及新发展?????????????????23 结论???????????????????????????????26 一、达斡尔族舞蹈有广泛的群众基础????????????????26 二、对“鲁日格勒”舞的保护???????????????????27 三、传承意义和现状???????????????????????28 参考文献?????????????????????????????29 攻读硕士学位期间所发表的学术论文????????????????? 原创性声明、使用授权书?????????????????????? 致谢???????????????????????????????
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摘 要
由于当今中国社会正积极吸取西方的先进技术和经验，来大力发展我国科学和经济，使得我国的科学技术得到了突飞猛进的发展，市场经济得到了空前的繁荣，这些是值得国人骄傲的。但是就在我们积极学习西方先进技术与经验的同时，我们却忽视了自己本民族文化的发展，这使得我们的民族民间文化正在遭遇前所未有的冲击。西方的文化正在一步步的蚕食我们民族的根基。其中就包括居住在内蒙古自治区莫力达瓦旗、鄂温克自治旗，还有新疆维吾尔自治区境内、黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市梅里斯区的等地的少数民族——达斡尔族民族文化。这支仅存10万人口，只有语言没有文字的少数民族文化正濒临着失传的危机。因为这些传统的民间文化只能靠言传身教的方式来延续，而这些艺术家的年龄正在老化，后继人才及其缺乏。这给在黑龙江土生土长而且从事舞蹈专业的我以极大的触动。而且在党的十七大报告中胡锦涛总书记明确指出，要“加强对各民族文化的挖掘和保护，重视文物和非物质文化遗产保护”。这也给我们从事艺术行业者提出了艰巨的任务。从达斡尔族的民族民间舞蹈角度而言，在国外尚无学者研究，国内的研究也是寥寥无几，更别说从整个民族的形成和发展、社会的变迁和舞蹈本身的方面来认识达斡尔族舞蹈了。本文就通过对达斡尔族历史的发展、社会的影响和舞蹈自身的变化来进行阐述。
在历史上黑龙江流域就是一个多民族交汇的地方，再加上浓郁的本民族文化，因此形成了比较复杂的民族文化资源，这吸引了众多学术专家和学者们的关注和研究。由于当今西方一些发达国家在科学技术和经济方面都还处于领先地位，于是就有一些国人自觉或不自觉的用西方文化来衡量中国传统民族民间文化，这就将中国灿烂而丰富的民族民间文化推向了一个很悬空的地位。这种悬空的地位就使得年轻一辈的国人，根本不清楚本国有哪些传统民族民间文化，更不要说去传承它了。黑龙江流域的达斡尔族的舞蹈就属于中国传统民族民间文化的一支，对达斡尔族舞蹈文化进行整理，了解原来民族舞蹈的风貌和后来在政治、经济等条件下对民族文化的影响，深入的发掘本民族的文化资源，是我们当前非常重要和艰巨的任务，不仅可以填补达斡尔族传统民族民间舞蹈文化研究领域的不足，而且又能为我国少数民族文化发展的进程作储备。我校当前正筹备完成少数民族的非物质文化遗产保护国家课题，我的研究方向是艺术学，所以我就以达斡尔族形成的历史为依据，从社会、经济、环境和宗教等不同方面来阐述，看在不同的历史背景下，达斡尔族舞蹈有哪些变化，又是如何发展的。黑龙江流域跨界民族的研究是国内研究人员关注的焦点，从历史的角度来讲述一个民族舞蹈的演变，要求掌握大量的民族历史资料，舞蹈资料以及民俗学、民族学、心理学、美学、社会学、人类学等相关学科的理论知识和方法。我将其作为目标，是一种尝试和挑战，也是要让自己努力学习、广涉书林，得到着实的研究和锻炼的机会。
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关键词 非物质文化遗产；达斡尔；舞蹈
English AbstractAs
the current Chinese society is actively absorb advanced technology and experience the West, that would greatly Development of Science and Hu economy, making China's science and technology was rapidly developing, market economy has had unprecedented prosperity, they are worthy of people proud. But the West is in our advanced technology and active learning experiences, we have neglected the development of their national culture, which enables our folk culture is facing an unprecedented impact. Western culture is a step by step erode the foundation of our nation. Including the living in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Morin Dawa Banner, Ewenki Autonomous Banner, as well as the territory of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Heilongjiang Province, Qiqihar Meris ethnic minority areas and other places - Daur culture. Zhezhi remaining 100 000 people, only the minority language is not writing a lost culture is on the verge of crisis. Because they rely on traditional folk culture, words and deeds of the way to a continuation of the age of these artists are aging, and lack of follow-up personnel. This is a native of Heilongjiang, and in dance professional I am extremely touched. And in the report of the Seventeenth Party Congress General Secretary Hu Jintao clearly noted that \the excavation and protection of the national culture, attention to the protection of cultural relics and intangible cultural heritage.%us in the arts industry are made difficult task. From the Daur ethnic folk dance point of view, there is no academic study abroad, are also very few domestic research, let alone the entire nation from the formation and development, social change and to understand aspects of dance itself, and dance Daur . This article on the historical development Daur, social impact and dance to explain the change itself. In the history of Heilongjiang River is a place where multi-ethnic convergence, combined with strong national culture, thus creating a more complex cultural resources, which attracted a large number of academic experts and scholars of attention and study. As of today some Western developed countries in science and technology and economic aspects still leading, so there are a number of people consciously or unconsciously, the judge China by Western culture Chuantongminzu folk culture, which Jiang China's splendid culture and rich in folk pushing a vacant position. This vacant position will enable the younger generation of people simply
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do not know what the state of traditional folk culture, not to say that transmits it. Heilongjiang River Daur dance was part of Chinese traditional folk culture, one on the dance culture Daur order to understand the style of the original folk dance and later in the political, economic and other conditions, the impact on the national culture, in-depth excavation The nation's cultural resources, is very important to our current and arduous task, not only to fill the traditional folk dance Daur deficiencies in the areas of Cultural Studies, and the development of minority culture in China but also for the reserve process. Our school is currently in preparation for the completion of the intangible cultural heritage of ethnic minorities to protect national issues, my research is Art, so I for Daur formed the basis of history, from the social, economic, environmental and religion to explain different aspects of to see the different historical background, which changes Daur dance, but also how to develop. Cross-national study of Heilongjiang River is the focus of attention of researchers, from a historical point of view about the evolution of a folk dance, Master the large number of national historical data, data and dances, folklore, ethnology, psychology, aesthetics, social science, anthropology and related disciplines of theoretical knowledge and methods. I will be as objective, is a challenge to try and also make their own efforts to learn, Lin was connected to the book, are really the research and training opportunities.
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