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这是个初学英语的人易犯的错误。
general 侧重―普遍‖，表示在大多数人或事物中流行并受到关注，不含有―地位低下‖之意，其反义词为specific。e. g. general readers 一般读者a general idea 一个普通的观点
ordinary与common基本同义，侧重―外表平凡的，普通的‖，表示―随时可以碰到，不值得惊奇‖，其反义词为superior。
e. g. an ordinary event一件极平常的事an ordinary person一个普通的人 My teacher is an ordinary-looking man.我的老师是个相貌平常的人。
usual用来指事物，强调习惯性，一贯如此，意为―通常的，惯常的‖, 含有―随集体风俗或个人习惯而常常发生‖之意，其反义词为unusual。
e. g. as usual和往常一样 It’s a usual thing with him. 这对他来说是平常事。 9. believe与believe in
believe相信 = think …true, 后接表示人或事物的名词或代词，也可接what/ that从句 e. g. I believe you. = I believe what you said. 我相信你说的话。
I could hardly believe my ears/eyes.我简直不敢相信我所听到的/看到的。 比较：believe sb. 相信某人所说的话
believe in sb. 信任某人，指人的品格、作风、为人等方面的情况。 e. g. We usually believe in him, but this doesn’t mean we always believe him. 我们通常是信任他的，但这并不意味着我们总是相信他的话。 10. gather与collect区别
gather作―收集‖―聚集‖讲时用法广泛，可指把人集中起来，也可指把分散的东西或抽象的东西(如信息、力量)聚集起来。
collect作―收集‖―采集‖讲时，着重于计划性和选择性的含义。
e. g. Up to now, he has collected 500 foreign stamps.至今为止，他已收集了五百张外国邮票。 Gather round, and I’ll tell you a story. 大家围过来，我给你们讲个故事。 When the accident happened, a lot of people quickly gathered round. 事故发生后，很快周围聚集了很多人。
How long did it take you to collect these ancient coins? 你用了多长时间才收集到这些古代硬币？
注意：gather一般不与together连用，因其自身就是bring together / come together之意。
· 重点词组解析 · 1. give短语总结 (1)give away
①分发，送给人e. g. He gave away all his pictures. 他把所有的画都送人了。
②泄漏(机密)，暴露(自己的情况) Please don’t give my secret away. 请不要泄漏我的秘密。 (2)give back
①还给e. g. I must call at the library to give back this book. 我必须去图书馆还书。
②恢复(健康等)e. g. Living here has given me back my health. 住在这里我的健康恢复了。 (3)give in
①交上来e. g. Give in your exercise books. 请交上练习本。 ② give in (to sb. )让步，妥协，投降，认输，向……让步
e. g. The enemy is surrounded and must soon give in. 敌人被包围了必须马上投降。
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He is always giving in to other people. 他总是向别人让步。
(4) give off 散发出e. g. The flowers give off a sweet fragrance. 花散发出甜美的香气。 (5)give out
①散发，颁发e. g. The teacher gave out the examination papers. 老师分发试卷。 ②宣布e. g. He gave out that he was going to England. 他宣布他将去英国。 ③被用完，耗尽，没有了
e. g. You can’t have a hot bath—the water will give out.你不能洗热水澡，水快没了。
④(机器等)失灵，(人)体力不支. The chair gave out under the fat man. 人太胖了，椅子垮了。 ⑤发出e. g. The radio is giving out a strange signal. 无线电发出奇怪的信号。 (6)give up放弃，不再做(某事)He has given up playing football. 他不再踢球了。 2 as well as
(1)意为―除……外‖―同‖―和‖―并‖―也‖，后接动词时用动名词。
e. g. He gave me money as well as advice. 他不但给我建议还给我钱。
Alice has an English-Chinese dictionary as well as a Chinese-English dictionary. 爱丽丝不但有一本汉英词典还有一本英汉词典。
The little girl is clever as well as beautiful. 这个女孩不但漂亮，而且聪明。 (2) A as well as B部分作主语时，谓语动词的单复数与A一致
e. g. The teacher as well as his students was praised.不仅学生而且老师也受到了表扬。 比较：
1)与as well as 用法相同的还有 (along/ together) with, including, but/except/ besides, in addition to, rather than, like/ such as …
e. g. It is you rather than I who are to speak at the meeting.是你而不是我将在会上讲话。 Besides him, three more men have been invited.除了他，还有三个人被邀请了。
2)有一些短语作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由与它靠近的词来决定，这些短语有：or, either…or…, neither…nor…, not only…but also…, not…but…, There be…
e. g. He or I am to go to the meeting. 他或者我去开会。 Either you or she is wrong. 不是你就是她错了。
(3) as well as 相当于 not only… but also…, 但表示―不但……而且‖时，A as well as B侧重A, 而not only A but also B侧重B
e. g. You as well as I are wrong. = Not only I but also you are wrong. (4) as well as后接从句，是副词的同级比较。
e. g. She sings as well as she plays. 她弹得好，唱得也好。 He shoots as well as he rides. 他马骑得好，枪打得也好。
(5) as well用在句末时，与also/too相近，as well与too常用于句末。
e. g. She is not only good at maths, she is good as English as well.她不但数学好，英语也好。 Mary’s sister teaches English, too. 玛丽的姐姐也教英语。 too除了放在句末外，也可接在主语之后，这时比较正式。
e. g. I, too, know how to work out the maths problem.我也知道怎样解这道数学题。 also不如too/ as well用得多，不用于句末，通常与动词连用。
e. g. I’ve also read some of Shakespeare’s plays.我也读过一些莎士比亚的剧本。 also, as well, too一般不用于否定句，否定句中可用not…either, neither…nor…
I like the novel as well. 我也喜欢这部小说I don’t like the novel either.我也不喜欢这部小说。
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She is here, too. 她也在这里。 She isn’t here, either. 她也不在这里。 3. care about (1) 关心
e. g. He used to care only about his own family, but has greatly changed now. 他曾经只关心他自己家，但是现在变了很多。
(2)喜欢，对……有兴趣e. g. He cares about music. 他对音乐感兴趣。 比较：care for
(1) 照顾，照料The mother cared for the sick child night and day. 妈妈日日夜夜照料生病的孩子。
(2)喜欢，对……有兴趣e. g. They do not care very greatly for art. 他们对艺术不是很感兴趣。 care v. 在乎，在意(多用于否定结构)
(1) +从句e. g. I’ll go. I don’t care what happens. 我要走，我不在乎发生什么了。
(2)后不接内容I don’t care, so long as she let me be with her.我不在乎，只要她让我和她在一起。 (1)注意，当心(不可数)
take care＋从句e. g. Take care (that) you don’t break it. 小心别打碎它。 take care of sth. e. g. Take care of what you are doing. 注意你在干什么。
with care 作状语，仔细地，认真地，当心 e. g. Cross the road with care. 过马路时要当心。 (2)照顾，照管(不可数)
under (one’s/ the) care e. g. I must leave him under your care. 我必须让你来照顾他。 in one’s care e. g. Mary was left in her sister’s care. 玛丽被留下来由姐姐照顾。 to one’s care e. g. I’ll leave this to your care. 我将把这个留给你来照顾。 take care of e. g. It was I who was taking care of him. 是我在照顾他。
(3)忧烦，烦恼(不可数) e. g. Care had made him look ten years older. 烦恼使他看起来老十岁。
(4)烦人的事(可数) e. g. He seemed to be a little man without a care.他似乎是一个没有烦事的小人物。
· 重点句型解析 ·
1. The Spring Festival, …and festivals help us understand who we are, remember where we come from, and share our hopes for a happy future.
春节，……和节日帮助我们了解我们是谁，记住我们从哪里来，并共同分享对美好未来的期望。 share v.
(1)共同具有，合用e. g. Three doctors share the office. 三个医生共用这个办公室。 (2)分享，分担e. g. They would share the joys and sorrows. 他们将同甘苦，共患难。 (3)share in分享，分担，共同努力
e. g. We all shared in his happiness when he won the scholarship. 当她获得奖学金时，我们都替他高兴。 (4) share with与……合用
e. g. Would you mind sharing a bedroom with another guest? 你介意和另一位客人共用一个房间吗？ 比较： spare
(1)留出(时间作某事)，挤出(时间)
e. g. Can you spare the time to help me? 你能挤出时间帮助我吗？
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(2)不用，匀出(给别人用)
e. g. Father couldn’t spare the car, so John had to walk.爸爸要用车，因此约翰只得步行。 (3)放过，饶(命)，不杀
e. g. The king spared the lives of the women and children.国王放过了妇女和儿童。 save v.
(1)挽救，拯救e. g. They fought bravely and saved the country. 他们勇敢战斗拯救祖国。 (2)节省，省去，省着用，保护
e. g. If we buy plenty of food now, it will save shopping again this week. 如果我们现在买了足够的食物，这周就省了再上街购物了。
Save your eyes by reading in good light.在光线足的地方读书可保护你的眼睛。 (3)节约，存钱，省钱，储蓄
e. g. He’s saving to buy a bicycle. 他省钱来买自行车。 (4)留下，保留，保住，留作他用
Save your strength for the hardwork, you’ll have to do later. 留着点儿劲，你一会儿还得干活儿呢。 (5)save …for…留供……用
e. g. He is saving himself / his strength for the heavy work.他节省力量来干重活。 2. There seems to be no other choice. 似乎别无选择。 seem v.
(1)似乎，好像 ① +不定式：
seem to do表示一般状况。
e. g. I don’t seem to lack anything. 我好像不缺什么。
seem to have done表示该动作是在谓语动词发生之前就已经完成。 I seem to have caught a cold. 我好像感冒了。
He seemed not to have grasped what she really meant.他好像没有把握她的意思。
seem to be doing表示在过去的某段时间里正在进行的动作，强调该动作在过去持续了一段时间。e. g. She seemed to be sleeping. 她好像在睡觉。
seem (to be)+表语(adj. 或n. 或prep. )
e. g. You seem to be in a great hurry. 你似乎很着急。
② It seems(ed) (that)从句可以和―主语+seems/seemed+动词不定式‖互相转换，意思不变。注意句型转换： e. g. It seemed that he had failed the exam.= He seemed to have failed in the exam. 他似乎没通过考试。
It seems that nobody knew what had happened. 看来没人知道发生了什么事。 It seems(ed) as if从句
e. g. It seems as if there will be an election soon. 好像很快就要选举了。 ③ There seems(ed) (to be)好像有，似乎有
e. g. There seems to be something/the matter with her. 她好像有什么事。 (2)看来，似乎是(什么样子) link v. (系动词)
① +形容词e. g. He seemed to me quite normal. 对于我来说，他很正常。 ② +分词e. g. She always seemed well pleased. 她好像总是很高兴。 ③ +名词e. g. It seems not a bad idea. 那个主意好像不错。
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④ +介词短语 e. g. You seem in high spirits. 你好像情绪很高涨。
3. …or, in other words, the first day of spring. 或者，换句话说，春天的第一天。 (1)in other words换句话说
e. g. In other words, we can complete the project on time only in this way. 换句话说，只有这样我们才能按时完成工程。
In other words, if you break the rule, you will be punished. 换言之，如果你违反了规则，你将受到惩罚。 (2)in a word 总之，简言之
e. g. In a word, I don’t trust him. 总之，我不信任他。 (3)in words 用言语
e. g. Though the boy is only two, he can express his meaning clearly in words. 尽管这男孩只有两岁，他能清楚地用语言来表达他的意思。
4. It is not a sad day, but rather a time to celebrate the cycle of life. 这不是悲伤的一天，而是庆祝生命轮回的时刻。
rather 副词
(1)―相当，颇，甚‖
e. g. We all were rather tired after our long walk. 走了那么远，我们都相当累了。 I rather expected that we would win. 我很希望我们能赢。 (2)比较 fairly, rather, quite, pretty ①表示程度
fairly与rather表示―相当地‖时，fairly含有积极肯定的意思，rather含有消极否定的意思。 e. g. The question is fairly difficult. 这个问题很难——但适当。
The question is rather difficult. 这个问题很难——有点过难，不适当。
fairly是程度最轻的，例如：某人的英语说得fairly well, 言外之意是他只能应付一些日常用语。说某本书fairly good，是说这本书还可以看一看，但没有赞扬之意。
e. g. He’s just written a new book. It’s fairly interesting, but certainly not his best. 他刚出了一本新书，这本书还算有意思，但肯定不是他的最佳作品。 He studies fairly hard. 他学习还算用功。
quite比fairly程度强一点，如果你认为某本书quite good, 就是在推荐给别人看，虽算不上最佳小说，但还是值得一看。
e. g. They study English quite hard. 他们学习英语还保留用功。
He was quite polite, but he wasn’t ready to help me.他相当有礼貌，但他并不愿意帮助我。
rather程度上比quite又强，相当于more than expected/more than you want。如说某人的外语rather well, 那此人肯定是个内行，就电影而言，rather good是说胜过多数影片。
e. g. She speaks English rather well. 她的英语讲得真不错。 pretty表示程度时，和rather差不多，多用于非正式文体。
e. g. Twenty-five is pretty old to take up ballet dancing.二十五岁才学芭蕾舞年龄太大了。 The situation seems pretty hopeless. 情形似乎没有太大希望了。 ②用法
rather和quite可置于不定冠词前或后
e. g. That is quite / rather a surprising result. 那是一个相当惊人的结果。= That is a rather / quite surprising result.
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