涵洞主体施工完成 After main structure of culvert finishing 全 程 Whole period 1次/周 1 time/week 荷载变化前后各一次或1次/周 涵洞顶填土施工 Soil cover on top of culvert 全程 Whole period One for each before and after load case changing or 1 time/week 运梁前和运梁后各 架桥机（运梁车）通过期间Launching equipment 1次 全程 Whole period One for each before girder transporting and after transporting 对岩石地基的涵洞， passing (carrier) 涵洞完工至无碴轨道铺设前 After culvert construction and before slab track laying ≥6个月months 1次/周 1 time/week 一般不宜少于2个月 For culverts in area with rock geological condition, time shall be longer than 2 month 无碴轨道铺设期间During slab track laying 全 程Whole period 0～3个月 0～3 months 1次/天 1 time/day 1次/月 1 time/month 1次/3月 1 time/3 months 1次/6个月 1 time/6 months 工后沉降长期观测Long-term monitoring after construction 无碴轨道铺设完成后After 24个月slab track laying months 4～12个月 4～12 months 13～24个月 13～24 months 注：测试涵洞沉降时，应同时记录结构荷载状态、环境温度及天气日照情况。 Note: when carry out settlement monitoring for piers and abutment, the load condition,
environment temperature and weather sunlight must be registered.
日期：2007-01-09 Date:2007-01-09
翻译： Translated by: 芦丽萍，王瑾，朱荣，巩亚强 Sophy, Vivian, Michelle, Simon 审核 proofread
Page 26 of 85 （六）评估方法和判定标准
Evaluation method and determinant standard
1、观测资料整理表
Table for monitoring information collection
（1） 采用统一的《郑西客运专线路基沉降观测记录表》（见附表）做好观测
数据的记录与整理。
（2） It shall be used the uniform Zheng-Xi PDL subgrade settlement
observation recording table to record and coordinate the observation data.
（3） 根据观测资料，及时绘制每个观测标志点的荷载——时间——沉降曲
线；
According to the observation data, it shall be finished the diagram in time, mainly contained:
2、评估前应收集下列资料：
Before evaluating, the following documents shall be collected: （1） 桥涵沉降及变形观测资料。
Monitoring documents on settlement and deformation of structures. （2） 桥涵地段线路纵断面图、工程地质纵横断面图、桥涵设计图纸和说明
书、沉降计算报告、预应力混凝土梁徐变变形计算报告等相关设计资料。
Vertical sections of alignment in area with bridges and culverts, geological condition sections, designed drawings and brief documents of bridges and
日期：2007-01-09 Date:2007-01-09
翻译： Translated by:
芦丽萍，王瑾，朱荣，巩亚强 Sophy, Vivian, Michelle, Simon
审核 proofread
Page 27 of 85 culverts, settlement calculation documents, creep deformation calculation report of pre-stressed concrete girder etc. related documents. （3） 施工过程、施工核查、施工记录和原材料检验情况等施工资料。 Construction documents of construction progress, checking, register record and original material testing results etc.
（4） 施工质量控制过程和抽检情况等监理资料。
Supervision documents on construction quality controlling and sampling inspection. 3、评估分析方法
Methods for evaluation and analysis
（1） 桥涵基础沉降分析评估应采用曲线回归法。对于预制梁桥，基础沉降
应按墩台混凝土施工后、架梁前及架梁后三阶段进行；对于原位施工的桥梁及涵洞，基础沉降应根据实际施工状态及荷载变化情况，划分多个阶段。
For analysis and evaluation of bridges and culverts foundation, curve regression analysis shall be adopted. For pre-cast bridges, the steps shall be divided as
（2） 根据桥涵实际荷载情况及观测数据，应作多个阶段的回归分析及预测，
综合确定沉降变形的趋势，曲线回归的相关系数应不低于0.92。首次回归分析时，观测期不应少于桥涵主体工程完工后3个月；对于岩石地基等良好地质的桥涵，不应少于1个月。
According to actual load case and monitoring data, regression analysis on
several stages and pre-estimate shall be done for comprehensive confirming the uptrend of settlement deformation. The related factor of curve regression analysis shall not be less than 0.92. For the first regression analysis, the period shall be more than 3 months after main structure of bridge finished; for bridges and culverts in area with good geological condition like rocks, the period shall be not less than 1 month. （3） 两次回归结果预测的最终沉降的差值不应大于8mm。两次预测的时间
间隔一般不少于3个月；对于岩石地基等良好地质的桥涵，不应少于1个月。
日期：2007-01-09 Date:2007-01-09
翻译： Translated by:
芦丽萍，王瑾，朱荣，巩亚强 Sophy, Vivian, Michelle, Simon
审核 proofread
Page 28 of 85 Difference of results of two times regression analysis on final settlements shall not exceed 8mm. Time interval between two times of pre-estimate shall not be less than 3 months; for bridges and culverts in area with good geological condition like rocks, the period shall be not less than 1 month. （4） 桥梁主体结构完工至无碴轨道铺设前，沉降预测的时间应满足以下条
件：
After finishing construction of bridges main structures and before slab track laying, period for settlement pre-estimate shall meet following requirements:
s(t)/s(t=∞)≥75%
式中： S(t)——预测时的的沉降观测值；
Where；S(t)——observation result of settlement of pre-estimate S(t=∞)——预测的最终沉降值。
S(t=∞)——final settlement result of pre-estimate
4、评估标准 Standard for evaluation
根据实测沉降观测资料推算的工后沉降应符合下列标准：
The after-work settlement amount according to the actual observation document shall meet the following standard: （1）桥台均匀沉降量≤20mm； The uniformity settlement ≤20mm （2）相临墩台沉降量之差≤5mm。
Settlement difference of adjacent piers ≤5mm. （3）涵洞基础工后沉降不应大于15mm。
Settlement of culverts after construction shall not be more than 15mm.
六、 隧道 tunnel
（一）一般规定general regulation
1. 隧道沉降观测的目的主要是利用观测资料的工后沉降分析结果，指导无碴
轨道的铺设时间。无碴轨道铺设前，应对隧道基础沉降作系统的评估，确认其工后沉降符合设计要求。The purpose of tunnel settlement is mainly to guide the time for slab track installation using after work settlement analysis
日期：2007-01-09 Date:2007-01-09
翻译： Translated by:
芦丽萍，王瑾，朱荣，巩亚强 Sophy, Vivian, Michelle, Simon
审核 proofread
Page 29 of 85 resulting from observation data. Before installing the slab track, systemic assessment shall be performed for tunnel deformation to confirm that the after work settlement can satisfy the designed requirement.
2. 隧道主体工程完工后，变形观测期一般不应少于3个月。观测数据不足或
工后沉降评估不能满足设计要求时，应适当延长观测期。After completion of tunnel main works, the period for deformation observation shall not be less than 3 months generally. When the observed data is not sufficient to assess the settlement or the after work settlement can not satisfy the design requirements, the observation period shall be extended properly.
3. 评估时发现异常现象或对原始记录资料存在疑问，应进行必要的检查。
During assessment, if there is abnormal phenomenon or doubts for the original recorder data, it shall be checked.
（二）沉降观测的内容observation content
隧道工程沉降观测是指隧道内线路基础的沉降观测，即隧道的仰拱部分。其它如洞顶地表沉降、拱顶下沉、断面收敛变形等不列入本沉降观测的内容。Tunnel work settlement observation refers to the settlement observation for tunnel alignment foundation, which means the invert of tunnel. Others such as tunnel top surface settlement, crown settlement, section convergence deformation are not included in this settlement observation.
（三）沉降观测点的布置Layout of Settlement Observation Points
1. 黄土隧道的进出口进行地基处理的地段，从洞口起每25m布设一个断面。 At loess tunnel portal sections where foundation treatment is performed, one section will be established every 25m from the portal.
2. 隧道内一般地段沉降观测断面的布设根据地质围岩级别确定，一般情况
下Ⅲ级围岩每400m、Ⅳ级围岩每300m、Ⅴ级围岩每200m布设一个观测断面；In tunnel, the installation of settlement observation section at general sections shall be decided according to surrounding rock pattern. Generally, one observation section shall be available every 400m for pattern Ⅲ, every 300m for pattern Ⅳ and every 200m for pattern V.
日期：2007-01-09 Date:2007-01-09
翻译： Translated by: 芦丽萍，王瑾，朱荣，巩亚强 Sophy, Vivian, Michelle, Simon 审核 proofread
Page 30 of 85