3. 明暗交界处、围岩变化段及变形缝位置应至少布设两个断面；地应力较
大、断层破碎带、膨胀土、湿陷性黄土等不良和复杂地质区段适当加密布设。There shall be at least two sections at the boundary of open cut section and mining section, surrounding rock changing sections and locations of expansion joints; at unfavorable and complicated areas like sections with large ground stress, broken faultage, expansion soil or collapsible loess, the installation density shall be strengthened properly.
4. 隧道洞口至分界里程范围内应至少布设一个观测断面。At least one
observation section shall be available within the scope from tunnel portals to boundary chainage.
5. 隧道工程完成后，每个观测断面在相应于两侧边墙处设一对沉降观测点。
After completion of tunnel work, a couple of settlement observation points shall be available at both side walls for every observation section. 6. 沉降变形观测点设计图和埋设要求，设计单位结合具体设计方案并参照
《无碴轨道铺设条件评估技术指南》，在实施性沉降观测方案中明确。The design institute shall clarify the design drawings and embedding requirements for settlement and deformation observation in implemented settlement observation scheme combining detailed design scheme referring to Technical Manual Slab Track Installation Condition Assessment.
（四）观测精度observation accuracy
沉降水准的测量精度为±1mm，读数取位至0.1mm。The survey accuracy of the settlement water level is ±1 mm; the reading accuracy is 0.1 mm.
（五）沉降观测频度frequency of settlement observation
1. 沉降观测的开始时间是在仰拱施工结束后立即进行，至隧道沉降稳定，
进行定期观测并详细记录观测资料、绘制沉降时程曲线。Settlement observation shall be performed immediately after completion of invert until tunnel settlement becomes stable. Periodical observation shall be performed; detailed observation data shall be recorded; and time-settlement curve shall be drawn.
2. 变形观测一般不少于3个月。当观测数据不足或工后沉降评估不能满足
设计要求时，应适当延长观测期。沉降观测时间分为三个阶段：The period
日期：2007-01-09 Date:2007-01-09
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Page 31 of 85 for deformation observation shall be at least 3 months generally. When the observed data is not sufficient to assess the settlement or the after work settlement can not satisfy the design requirements, the observation period shall be extended properly. Settlement observation period are divided into 3 phases:
(1) 第一阶段是仰拱施工结束到沉降稳定。The 1st phase is from completion of
invert to settlement becoming stable.
(2) 第二阶段为无碴轨道铺设期间。The 2nd phase is during slab tack
installation.
(3) 第三阶段为无碴轨道铺设后3个月。The 3rd phase is the three months after
slab track installation.
3. 每阶段的沉降观测在开始时可一般每周观测一次，以后可根据两次观测
的沉降量调整沉降观测的频度，但两次的观测沉降量不宜大于1mm。具体见表3：During settlement observation of every phase, observation shall be carried out once a week at beginning generally, after that, the observation frequency can be adjusted according to two times’ observed settlement, but the differential settlement of these two times shall not larger than 1mm. Details can seen in table 3:
表3 隧道基础沉降观测频次
Table 3 Tunnel Foundation Settlement Observation Frequency
观测阶段 observation phase 仰拱施工完成至无碴轨道铺设前 from invert completion to the time before slab track installation 无碴轨道铺设期间观测频次observation frequency 观测期限 observation time limit 观测周期observation period 1次/周 once a week 备 注remark 3个月 3 months during slab tack installation 无碴轨道铺设完成后全 程 whole process 1次/天 once a day 1次/周 once a week 审核 proofread
3个月 3 翻译： Translated by:
0～1个月 0~1 month Page 32 of 85 日期：2007-01-09 Date:2007-01-09
芦丽萍，王瑾，朱荣，巩亚强 Sophy, Vivian, Michelle, Simon
after slab track installation months 1～3个月 1~3 months 1次/2周 once 2 weeks （六）评估方法及判定标准assessment method and judgment standard
1、观测资料整理observed data cleaning
（1） 采用统一的《郑西客运专线路基沉降观测记录表》（见附表）做好观测
数据的记录与整理。The uniform Zheng-Xi PDL subgrade settlement observation recording table (see the attached table) shall be used to record and clean the observed data.
（2） 根据观测资料，及时绘制每个观测标志点的荷载——时间——沉降曲
线；The load-time-settlement curve for every observation symbol point shall be drawn in time according to observed data.
2、评估前应收集下列资料：The following data shall be collected before assessment:
（1） 隧道基础沉降观测资料。Tunnel settlement observation data.
（2） 隧道地段的线路设计纵断面图、工程地质纵横断面图、地质勘查报告、
设计图纸和说明书、沉降计算报告等相关设计资料。Relevant design data such as the longitudinal alignment drawings at tunnel sections, geological longitudinal and cross section drawings, geological investigation report, design drawings and design descriptions, settlement calculation report, etc.
日期：2007-01-09 Date:2007-01-09
翻译： Translated by: 芦丽萍，王瑾，朱荣，巩亚强 Sophy, Vivian, Michelle, Simon 审核 proofread
Page 33 of 85 （3） 隧道开挖地质描述及开挖围岩分级记录、Ⅳ～Ⅵ级围岩地段基底承载
力检测情况、施工监控量测资料、仰拱施工分项工程验收记录等施工资料。 Construction data such as tunnel excavation geology description and excavation surrounding rock records, inspection status of bearing capacity of surrounding rock pattern Ⅳ～Ⅵ, construction monitoring and survey data, and partition work acceptance records of invert construction, etc.
（4） 施工质量控制过程和抽检情况等监理资料。Supervision data like
construction quality control process and status of sample inspection, etc. 3、评估分析方法与评估标准 assessment and analysis methods and assessment standards
（1） 隧道内无碴轨道铺设条件的评估应根据有关设计、施工和监理的资料
及交接检验和复检的结果进行综合分析。The assessment of slab track installation condition in tunnel shall be analyzed comprehensively according to relevant design, construction and supervision data, handover inspection and recheck results.
（2） 隧道基础的沉降预测评估方法参照路基执行。Tunnel foundation
settlement assessment method shall refer to that of subgrade.
（3） 地质条件较好、沉降趋于稳定且设计及实测沉降总量差不大于5mm
时，可判定沉降满足无碴轨道铺设条件。When the geological conditions are good, and settlement tends to be stable and difference between designed and measured total settlement is not larger than 5mm, it can be judged that the settlement satisfy slab track installation conditions. （4） 预测的隧道基础工后沉降值不应大于15mm。The predicated tunnel
foundation after work settlement shall not exceed 15mm.
七、 过渡段 Transition Section
（一） 般 规 定general regulation
1. 桥涵两端的过渡段、路隧过渡段及堑堤过渡段均需进行沉降观测。
Settlement observation shall be carried out for transition section at both ends
日期：2007-01-09 Date:2007-01-09
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Page 34 of 85 of bridge and culvert, transition section of subgrade and tunnel and transition section of cut and embankment.
2. 过渡段工后沉降的分析评估应沿线路方向考虑各观测断面和各种结构物
之间的关系综合进行。The after work settlement of transition sections shall be analyzed and assessed comprehensively considering different observation sections and the relations of different structures along alignment direction. 3. 对线路不同下部基础结构物之间以及不同地基条件或不同地基处理方法
之间形成的各种过渡段，应重点分析评估其差异沉降。For every transition section of different substructures, different foundation conditions or different foundation treatments under alignment, the differential settlement shall be analyzed and assessed as the key point.
（二）观测点布置与观测频次Layout of Settlement Observation Points and Observation Frequency
1. 过渡段应考虑线路纵向平顺性和不同结构差异沉降的观测和评估，不同结
构物起点处、距起点5～10m、20～30m、50m处分别设置观测断面。At transition section, the longitudinal smoothness of alignment and the observation and assessment of differential settlement of different structures shall be taken into consideration. Observation sections shall be set up respectively at starting points of different structures, 5~10m, 20~30m and 50m to starting points.
2. 过渡段观测点设置参照路堤。采用后钻孔的方式设置沉降板（或采用剖面
沉降管）。剖面沉降管在桩顶垫层施工完毕后，填土至0.6m高度碾压密实后切槽埋设，开槽宽度20-30cm，开槽深度至垫层顶面，回填中粗砂至0.2m高度时敷设沉降管（沉降管及管接头内穿入用于拉动测头的铟钢丝绳），其上夯填中粗砂至碾压面。沉降管敷设完成后，在两头设置0.5m×0.5m×0.95m素混凝土保护墩，并于管口处设置观测桩。观测桩建议采用C15素混凝土灌注，断面采用0.5m×0.5m×1.0m，并于桩顶预埋半圆形不锈钢耐磨测头。The installation of observation points at transition sections shall refer to that of embankment. Post-drilling method shall be adopted to install settlement plates (or profile settlement pipes). for profile settlement pipes, after the pile head slab is constructed, the soil shall be filled
日期：2007-01-09 Date:2007-01-09
翻译： Translated by:
芦丽萍，王瑾，朱荣，巩亚强 Sophy, Vivian, Michelle, Simon
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Page 35 of 85