(1) 由连续型随机变量的性质,可知,F(x)是连续的函数,考察F(x)在x?0,x?1两
点的连续性,有:
x?0xlimF(x)?limAe?A??x?0x?0?limF(x)?limB?B?x?0可知,A?BlimF(x)?limB?B??x?1x?1x?1limF(x)?lim?1?Ae?(x?1)??1?A??x?1可知B?1?A则得,
A?B?12,于是,得
(2)X的概率密度为
?1x?2e,x?0??1F(x)??,0?x?12??1?(x?1),x?1?1?2e?
?1x?2e,x?0?f(x)??0,0?x?1?1?e?(x?1),x?1?2
1?1?111??P?X???1?P?X???1?F()?1??3?3?322????1??11?1?或P?X????1f(x)dx??10dx??e?(x?1)dx?13?322 ?3(3)
7、(1)C?12
?3x?4y???1?e??1?e?,x?0,y?0F(X,Y)??0,其它,??(2)
(3)
解:(1)由概率密度性质得
?1?e?3x,x?0FX(x)???0,x?0 ?1?e?4y,y?0FY(y)???0,y?0 ?1?e?3??1?e?8?1????0?????????f?x,y?dxdy?????0Ce?(3x?4y)dxdy??0?C?e?3xdx?e?4ydy0??于是得
?1????1?4y????C??e?3x???e?00?3??4?11?C??34C?12故C=12
?X,Y?的概率密度为
(2)
?12e?(3x?4y),x?0,y?0f?x,y???0,其它,?
?X,Y?的分布函数为
x????F(x,y)=P(X?x,Y?y)=?当x>0且y>0,
?yf?x,y?dudv。
当x?0或y?0时,F(x,y)=0;
xyF(X,Y)?P(X?x,Y?y)=???1?e?3x??1?e?4y?0?012e?(3x?4y)dudv
?3x?4y???1?e??1?e?,x?0,y?0F(X,Y)??0,其它,??即
X的边缘概率密度为
fX(x)??????其分布函数为
x?(3x?4y)?dy?3e?3x,x?0??012ef?x,y?dy???0,x?0?
类似可得Y的边缘概率密度为
?1?e?3x,x?0FX(x)???0,x?0 ?4e?4y,y?0fY(y)???0,y?0
分布函数为
(3)
?1?e?4y,y?0FY(y)???0,y?0
F(X,Y)?P(0 ??1?e?3??1?e?8?y?1?2?e,0?x?1,y?0f(x,y)??2?0,其它?8、(1) (2)0.1445 解:(1)X服从U(0,1),故其概率密度为 由于X和Y相互独立,所以它们的联合概率密度等于它们的边缘概率密度之积,即 y?1?2?e,0?x?1,y?0f(x,y)??2?0,其它? 2(2)若a?2Xa?Y?0有实根,则判别式 ?1,0?x?1fX(x)???0,其它 (2X)2?4Y?0,即X2?Y 相应概率为 P(X2?Y)???f?x,y?dxdyD其中,故 2D?{?X,Y?|X?Y,0?x?1,y?0}21x2y1?2edy2 P(X?Y)??dx?0y??2?x2????e?dx0??01x?????1?e20??120?dx????1??e01?x22dx1?1?2??01?x2edx2?2?1?2????1????0???1?2??0.8413?0.5??0.14459、-0.2、2.8、13.4 解:(1) E(X)??xkpk?(?2)?0.4?0?0.3?2?0.3??0.2k?123 (2)求有两种方法。一种方法是先求Y?X的分布律,然后利用Y的分布律求Y的数学期望。Y的分布律为 0 4 X2E?X2?P0.3 0.7 2E(Y)?E(X)?0?0.3?4?0.7?2.8 则 另一种方法是直接利用X的分布律求Y的数学期望。 (3)与(2)类似。一种方法是先求Z?3X?5的分布律,然后求数学期望。Z的分布律为 5 Zk?122E(X)??xkpk?(?2)2?0.4?0?0.3?22?0.3?2.823P0.3 0.7 则 另一种方法是直接利用X的分布律求Z的数学期望。 E?Z??E(3X2?5)?5?0.3?17?0.7?13.4E?Z??E(3X2?5)?[3?(?2)2?5]?0.4?(3?0?5)?0.3?(3?22?5)?0.3?13.4E(Y1)?n?D(Y1)??n?1?2?n?2?n?1, n?210、 E(Y2)?解: ?n?1,D(Y2)?n?2Xi(i?1,2,,n)的概率密度为 ?n?1??n?2? 2分布函数为 ?1,0?x??f(x)???0,其它 ?0,x?0??xF(x)??,0?x??????1,x?? Y1的分布函数为 FY1(y)?P{Y1?y}?P?X1?y,X2?y,?P{X1?y}P{X2?y}?0,y?0?n?yn?F(y)??n,0?y??????1,y??Y从而1的概率密度为 P{Xn?y},Xn?y? ??y?n?11?n??,0?y??fY1(y)????????0,其它?? 故 E(Y1)???n0?n21?yndy?n?n?1 2D(Y1)?E?Y???EY???1?0n?2?n??ydy?????2n??n?1??n?1??n?2?nn2 Y2的分布函数为 FY2?y??P?Y2?y??1?P?Y2?y??1?P{X1?y,,Xn?y}P{Xn?y}?1?P{X1?y}P{X2?y}?1?[1?F?y?]n0,y?0??ny?????1??1??,0?y???????1,y???从而 ?1?[1?P{X1?y}][1?P{Xn?y}] Y2概率密度为 故 E(Y2)???0??y?n?11?n1???,0?y?1fY2(y)????????0,其它? ?y?ny?1?????22n?1??y??dy???1??dy?0?n?1???1??0nD(Y2)?E?Y???EY???22?y?ny?1?????2n?12?2n?2???????dy????????2?n?1n?1n?2n?1?????????n?1??n?2?122 11、证明: E?X?C??E?X2?2CX?C2?2?EX2??EX???EX??2CEX?C2?DX??EX?C?2222因?EX?C??0,故E?X?C??DX 2 第二章 矩阵代数 第一部分 学习目的和要求