the debt.
Information about the registration 船舶抵押权的登记状况，允许公众查of mortgage of ships shall be accessible 询。 to the public for enquiry.
Article 14 Mortgage may be established 第十四条 建造中的船舶可以设定船舶抵押on a ship under construction. 权。 In registering the mortgage of a 建造中的船舶办理抵押权登记，还应当ship under construction, the building 向船舶登记机关提交船舶建造合同。 contract of the ship shall as well be submitted to the ship registration authorities.
Article 15 The mortgaged ship shall be 第十五条 除合同另有约定外，抵押人应当insured by the mortgagor unless the 对被抵押船舶进行保险；未保险的，抵押权contract provides otherwise. In case the 人有权对该船舶进行保险，保险费由抵押人ship is not insured, the mortgagee has 负担。 the right to place the ship under insurance coverage and the mortgagor shall pay for the premium thereof.
Article 16 The establishment of mortgage 第十六条 船舶共有人就共有船舶设定抵押by the joint owners of a ship shall, 权，应当取得持有三分之二以上份额的共有unless otherwise agreed upon among the 人的同意，共有人之间另有约定的除外。 joint owners, be subject to the agreement of those joint owners who have more than two-thirds of the shares thereof.
The mortgage established by the 船舶共有人设定的抵押权，不因船舶的joint owners of a ship shall not be 共有权的分割而受影响。 affected by virtue of the division of ownership thereof.
Article 17 Once a mortgage is 第十七条 船舶抵押权设定后，未经抵押权established on a ship, the ownership of 人同意，抵押人不得将被抵押船舶转让给他the mortgaged ship shall not be 人。 transferred without the consent of the mortgagee.
Article 18 In case the mortgagee has 第十八条 抵押权人将被抵押舶舶所担保的transferred all or part of his right to 债权全部或者部分转让他人的，抵押权随之debt secured by the mortgaged ship to 转移。 another person, the mortgage shall be transferred accordingly.
Article 19 Two or more mortgages may be 第十九条 同一船舶可以设定两个以上抵押
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established on the same ship. The 权，其顺序以登记的先后为准。 ranking of the mortgages shall be determined according to the dates of their respective registrations.
In case two or more mortgages are 同一船舶设定两个以上抵押权的，抵押established, the mortgagees shall be 权人按照抵押权登记的先后顺序，从船舶拍paid out of the proceeds of the auction 卖所得价款中依次受偿。同日登记的抵押sale of the ship in the order of 权，按照同一顺序受偿。 registration of their respective mortgages. The mortgages registered on the same date shall rank equally for payment.
Article 20 The mortgages shall be 第二十条 被低押船舶灭失，抵押权随之消extinguished when the mortgaged ship is 灭。由于船舶灭失得到的保险赔偿，抵押权lost. With respect to the compensation 人有权优先于其他债权人受偿。 paid from the insurance coverage on account of the loss of the ship, the mortgagee shall be entitled to enjoy priority in compensation over other creditors.
Section 3 Maritime Liens
第三节 船舶优先权
Article 21 A maritime lien is the right 第二十一条 船舶优先权，是指海事请求人of the claimant, subject to the 依照本法第二十二条的规定，向船舶所有provisions of Article 22 of this Code, 人、光船承租人、船舶经营人提出海事请求，to take priority in compensation against 对产生该海事请求的船舶具有优先受偿的shipowners, bareboat charterers or ship 权利。 operators with respect to the ship which gave rise to the said claim.
Article 22 The following maritime claims 第二十二条 下列各项海事情求具有船舶优shall be entitled to maritime liens: 先权：
(1) Payment claims for wages, other （一）船长、船员和在船上工作的其他remuneration, crew repatriation and 在编人员根据劳动法律、行政法规或者劳动social insurance costs made by the 合同所产生的工资、其他劳动报酬、船员遣Master, crew members and other members 返费用和社会保险费用的给付请求； of the complement in accordance with the relevant labour laws, administrative rules and regulations or labour contracts;
(2) Claims in respect of loss of life or （二）在船舶营运中发生的人身伤亡的personal injury occurred in the 赔偿请求； operation of the ship;
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(3) Payment claims for ship''s tonnage （三）船舶吨税、引航费、港务费和其dues, pilotage dues, harbour dues and 他港口规费的缴付请求； other port charges;
(4) Payment claims for salvage payment; （四）海难救助的救助款项的给付请求； (5) Compensation claims for loss of or （五）船舶在营运中因侵权行为产生的damage to property resulting from 财产赔偿请求。 tortious act in the course of the operation of the ship.
Compensation claims for oil 载运2000吨以上的散装货油的船舶，pollution damage caused by a ship 持有有效的证书，证明已经进行油污损害民carrying more than 2,000 tons of oil in 事责任保险或者具有相应的财务保证的，对bulk as cargo that has a valid 其造成的油污损害的赔偿请求，不属于前款certificate attesting that the ship has 第（五）项规定的范围。 oil pollution liability insurance coverage or other appropriate financial security are not within the scope of sub-paragraph (5) of the preceding paragraph.
Article 23 The maritime claims set out 第二十三条 本法第二十二条第一款所列各in paragraph 1 of Article 22 shall be 项海事请求，依照顺序受偿。但是，第（四）satisfied in the order listed. However, 项海事请求，后于第（一）项至第（三）项any of the maritime claims set out in 发生的，应当先于第（一）项至第（三）项sub-paragraph(4) arising later than 受偿。 those under sub-paragraph (1) through (3) shall have priority over those under sub-paragraph (1) through (3).
In case there are more than two 本法第二十二条第一款第（一）、（二）、maritime claims under sub-paragraphs （三）、（五）项中有两个以上海事请求的，(1),(2),(3) or (5) of paragraph 1 of 不分先后，同时受偿；不足受偿的，按照比Article 22, they shall be satisfied at 例受偿。第（四）项中有两个以上海事请求the same time regardless of their 的，后发生的先受偿。 respective occurrences; where they could not be paid in full, they shall be paid in proportion. Should there be more than two maritime claims under subparagraph (4), those arising later shall be satisfied first.
Article 24 The legal costs for enforcing 第二十四条 因行使船舶优先权产生的诉讼the maritime liens, the expenses for 费用，保存、拍卖船舶和分配船舶价款产生preserving and selling the ship, the 的费用，以及为海事请求人的共同利益而支expenses for distribution of the 付的其他费用，应当从船舶拍卖所得价款中
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proceeds of sale and other expenses 先行拨付。 incurred for the common interests of the claimants, shall be deducted and paid first from the proceeds of the auction sale of the ship.
Article 25 A maritime lien shall have 第二十五条 船舶优先权先于船舶留置权受priority over a possessory lien, and a 偿，船舶抵押权后于船舶留置权受偿。 possessory lien shall have priority over ship mortgage.
The possessory lien referred to in 前款所称船舶留置权，是指造船人、修the preceding paragraph means the right 船人在合同另一方未履行合同时，可以留置of the ship builder or repairer to secure 所占有的船舶，以保证造船费用或者修船费the building or repairing cost of the 用得以偿还的权利。船舶留置权在造船人、ship by means of detaining the ship in 修船人不再占有所造或者所修的船舶时消his possession when the other party to 灭。 the contract fails in the performance thereof. The possessory lien shall be extinguished when the ship builder or repairer no longer possesses the ship he has built or repaired.
Article 26 Maritime liens shall not be 第二十六条 船舶优先权不因船舶所有权的extinguished by virtue of the transfer 转让而消灭。但是，船舶转让时，船舶优先of the ownership of the ship, except 权自法院应受让人申请予以公告之日起满those that have not been enforced within 六十日不行使的除外。 60 days of a public notice on the transfer of the ownership of the ship made by a court at the request of the transferee when the transfer was effected.
Article 27 In case the maritime claims 第二十七条 本法第二十二条规定的海事请provided for in Article 22 of this Code 求权转移的，其船舶优先权随之转移。 are transferred, the maritime liens attached thereto shall be transferred accordingly.
Article 28 A maritime lien shall be 第二十八条 船舶优先权应当通过法院扣押enforced by the court by arresting the 产生优先权的船舶行使。 ship that gave rise to the said maritime lien.
Article 29 A maritime lien shall, except 第二十九条 船舶优先权，除本法第二十六as provided for in Article 26 of this 条规定的外，因下列原因之一而消灭： Code, be extinguished under one of the
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following circumstances:
(1) The maritime claim attached by a （一）具有船舶优先权的海事请求，自maritime lien has not been enforced 优先权产生之日起满一年不行使； within one year of the existence of such maritime lien;
(2) The ship in question has been the （二）船舶经法院强制出售； subject of a forced sale by the court; (3) The ship has been lost.
（三）船舶灭失。
The period of one year specified in 前款第（一）项的一年期限，不得中止sub-paragraph (1) of the preceding 或者中断。 paragraph shall not be suspended or interrupted.
Article 30 The provisions of this 第三十条 本节规定不影响本法第十一章关Section shall not affect the 于海事赔偿责任限制规定的实施。 implementation of the limitation of liability for maritime claims provided for in Chapter XI of this Code. Chapter III Crew
Section 1 Basic Principles
第三章 船 员 第一节 一般规定
Article 31 The term \means the 第三十一条 船员，是指包括船长在内的船entire complement of the ship, including 上一切任职人员。 the Master.
Article 32 The Master, deck officers, 第三十二条 船长、驾驶员、轮机长、轮机chief engineer, engineers, electrical 员、电机员、报务员，必须由持有相应适任engineer and radio operator must be 证书的人担任。 those in possession of appropriate certificates of competency.
Article 33 Chinese \engaged in 第三十三条 从事国际航行的船舶的中国籍international voyages must possess 船员，必须持有中华人民共和国港务监督机Seaman''s Book and other relevant 构颁发的海员证和有关证书。 certificates issued by the harbour superintendency authorities of the People''s Republic of China.
Article 34 In the absence of specific 第三十四条 船员的任用和劳动方面的权stipulations in this Code as regards the 利、义务，本法没有规定的，适用有关法律、employment of the crew as well as their 行政法规的规定。 labour-related rights and obligations, the provisions of the relevant laws and administrative rules and regulations
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