农村小学教师心理契约现状及其对工作满意度的影响 2 宿迁市农村小学教师心理契约对工作满意度有较大影响，其中，教师责任对工作满意度有负向影响，即教师对学校责任履行越高，工作满意度越低。学校责任对工作满意度有正向影响，即学校对教师责任履行越高，工作满意度越高。
关键词：农村小学教师 心理契约 工作满意度
农村小学教师心理契约现状及其对工作满意度的影响 3 Abstract
The author carries out questionnaire survey on teachers in the elementary schools in Su Qian countryside. To explore the features of the psychological contract and the job satisfaction of teachers in rural primary schools and study its influence to job satisfaction, the author compares Su Qian rural elementary school teachers among Su Qian city primary school teachers and rural primary school teachers in Jiang Su province.
In this research, teachers' psychological contract questionnaire, teachers' job satisfaction questionnaires were used as measuring tools. Descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, correlation analysis and structural equation model statistical methods were used in the analysis of the valid data. As follows are the research results: The fulfillment degree of teachers' psychological contract in Su Qian rural elementary schools is above the national average level. And the fulfillment degree of the teachers' duty is higher than the school s '. The author ranges the most satisfying factor to the least in this order-- colleague, teaching, leadership, promotion and income.
The fulfillment degree of teachers' psychological contract in Su Qian rural elementary schools varies in gender, age, education, lesson hour. And whether he/she is the charge teacher can make some differences.
The development of both teachers and schools, the relationship responsibility of teachers in Su Qian rural elementary schools are higher than that of teachers in Su Qian city elementary schools, but the teachers' trade responsibility. The fulfillment degree of psychological contract of teachers in Su Qian rural elementary schools is higher than that of teachers in Jiang Su province countryside elementary schools. The levels of the promotion and teaching factors of teachers in Su Qian rural
农村小学教师心理契约现状及其对工作满意度的影响 4 primary schools are higher than those of teachers in Su Qian city primary schools, but the level of principal factors. The levels of the whole job satisfaction, the principal factors and colleague factors, promotion and teaching factors of teachers in Su Qian rural primary schools are higher than those of teachers in Jiang Su province countryside elementary school, but the level of income factors.
In the various factors of psychological contract and job satisfaction, the relevance among income factors, teacher development responsibility, trade responsibility and relationship responsibility is not significant, others are significant.
Teachers with the psychological contract of the Double High Model (both the teachers and the schools devote a lot) can gain the highest job satisfaction, while the proportion of which is small.
Teachers' psychological contract affects job satisfaction in Su Qian rural elementary schools. The influence of the school teachers responsibility on job satisfaction is negative, while school responsibility has the positive effect.
Keywords: rural elementary school psychological contract job satisfaction
农村小学教师心理契约现状及其对工作满意度的影响 5 1 问题提出
心理契约是员工与管理者之间期望的总合，心理契约的实现程度决定员工在工作中的努力程度和积极性，进而影响员工的工作满意度。它所标示的组织中复杂微妙的人际关系对组织的效率与效益，尤其是长远目标的达成有着重要的意义。正因为如此，自20世纪80年代中期以来，心理契约逐渐成为管理心理学的热点问题。
心理契约是一种普遍存在的社会现象，存在于各种形态的社会组织之中，学校也不例外。它影响着学校的办学水平与教育质量，也影响着教师的成长与发展。究其原因，是由于学校管理者与教师之间那种虽然是非正式的、不具书面形式也没有法律约束力的心理契约直接影响到教师的工作满意度，而教师对工作的满意程度会影响员工的工作积极性，影响工作效率和工作质量。
心理契约没有固定的模式和标准化的内容，一切取决于当时当地的具体情况；组织与员工之间的心理契约也不是固定的，僵化的，会随着时间与形势的变化而改变。有鉴于此，关于心理契约及其对工作满意度影响的研究需要面与点的结合，即既需要一般性的理论研究，也需要针对某时、某地、某个特定人群的研究。后者可能更具实际价值，同时也能丰富整个理论体系的内涵。
江苏要成为教育强省，农村是重要内涵，而苏北农村教育强大才标志着江苏的教育强省的实现，农村教育的发展要靠教师，宿迁具有代表性，宿迁教师值得研究。而小学教育是最基础的教育，因此本研究选取宿迁市农村小学教师作为研究对象，在研究他们的心理契约及其对工作满意度的影响时，还将考虑到他们现时所面临着多方面的现实问题。这些问题主要是：随着城市化进程的加快，农村留守儿童逐渐增多，而宿迁作为苏北相对不富裕的城市，这种情况更加严重，这在无形中增加了教师教学和管理的难度。宿迁农村小学简陋的办学条件使得教师无法实现多媒体教学，教学的物质条件困扰着教师的教学进程，也影响他们个人的成长与发展。集中教学是近年来农村小学教育的趋势，宿迁市农村小学教育也一改之前的分散教学，但随之而带来的教师和学校之间的关系开始发生变化，有
农村小学教师心理契约现状及其对工作满意度的影响 6 诸多不适应之处。青年教师从单纯地要求工资待遇的提高到个人发展空间的扩大、经济地位的提高、参与性地管理等多方面的改变；学校则要求教师更加遵从学校的管理，为学校的发展献计献策等等。我们认为，现时段对宿迁市农村小学教师心理契约对工作满意度有着很重要的意义，它可以让我们清晰地认识到目前他们的心理契约及工作满意度状况，发现影响宿迁市农村小学教师工作满意度的因素有哪些？怎样提高工作满意度？从而有助于促进宿迁市农村小学教育质量的提高。
本研究通过问卷调查法对宿迁市农村小学教师与宿迁市城市小学和江苏省农村小学教师的比较得出宿迁市农村小学教师的特点，进一步采用结构方程模型探索宿迁市农村小学教师心理契约对工作满意度的影响，发现宿迁市农村小学教师的特点以及提出相应的改善措施。