= lgK2
fGm(2)37
= 36.50, 故 K2= 3.2 10
2.303 RT
1
(3) rGm(3) = 2 fGm(NH3, g) = 32.90 kJ·mol
= 5.76, 故 K3= 5.8 10 lgK3
5
由以上计算看出:选择合成氨固氮反应最好。
8.解: rGm = fGm(CO2, g) fGm(CO, g) fGm(NO, g)
= 343.94 kJ·mol < 0,所以该反应从理论上讲是可行的。
1
9.解: rHm(298.15 K) = fHm(NO, g) = 90.25 kJ·mol
1
rSm(298.15 K) = 12.39 J·mol ·K
1
1
rGm(1573.15K)≈ rHm(298.15 K) 1573.15 rSm(298.15 K)
= 70759 J ·mol
1
lgK (1573.15 K) = 2.349, K (1573.15 K) = 4.48 10
3
10. 解: H2(g) + I2(g) 2HI(g)
平衡分压/kPa 2905.74 χ 2905.74 χ 2χ
(2x)2
= 55.3 2
(2905.74 x)
χ= 2290.12
p (HI) = 2χkPa = 4580.24 kPa
= 3.15 mol RT
55
11.解:p (CO) = 1.01 10 Pa, p (H2O) = 2.02 10 Pa
55
p (CO2) = 1.01 10 Pa, p (H2) = 0.34 10 Pa
CO(g) + H2O(g) CO2(g) + H2(g)
5
起始分压/10 Pa 1.01 2.02 1.01 0.34 J = 0.168, Kp= 1>0.168 = J,故反应正向进行。 12.解:(1) NH4HS(s) NH3(g) + H2S(g)
平衡分压/kPa x x
K =p (NH3) / p p (H2S) / p = 0.070 则 x= 0.26 100 kPa = 26 kPa 平衡时该气体混合物的总压为52 kPa
(2)T不变,K 不变。
NH4HS(s) NH3(g) + H2S(g)
平衡分压/kPa 25
n =
pV
y y
K =(25.3 y) / p y / p = 0.070
y= 17 kPa
13.解:(1) PCl5(g) PCl3(g) + Cl2(g)