任务型教学法在大学英语听力教学中的应用(14)

2021-01-20 22:16

英语语言测试论文资料

such

as

structurallinguistics,cognitivelinguisticsandfunctionallinguistics

set

the

foundationforteachingapproaches.Thereweretwoleadingschoolsoflinguisticsinthe

twentieth

century:formalismandfunctionalism.Theformerputsemphasis

on

the

abstractstaticlanguageformandthelatterregardsthestudyofthelanguageusedindailylife

as

thetruetaskofstudy

andemphasizesthe

functionandmeaningoflanguage

ratherthanthelanguage

structures.

Attheearlystageinthe20t11fieldoflinguistics.

Swisslinguist

century,formalism

played

dominatedroleinthe

Ferdinand

deSaussure,fatherofmodemlinguisticsforhisoriginal

inGeneralLinguistics,holdsthatlinguists’task

andinsightful

discover

work--Course

istoactual

thelinguisticcompetenceof

or

speaker--langue,ratherthanthe

staticstudy

on

phenomena

dataof

linguistics--parole.Saussure’S

languageimpinged

thethenlinguisticsfordecades.

Based

on

Saussureanlinguistics,Structuralism

of

appearedinthel930s.Bloomfield,ainthethirties

representative

Americanstructurallinguistics

and

on

forties

ofthe

twentiethcentury,analyzesstructuresof

one

forms

oflanguage,whichstillfocuses

are

thegrammatical

language.Structuralists

influencedbythebehaviouristicviewthat

on

learns

language

bybuildinguphabits

thebasisofstimulus—responsechains.In

at

teachingmethodthisimpliespatterndrilltechniquewhichaims

Situational

thelearner’S

automatismsforlanguage

forms.Forinstance,the

on

Methodandthe

Audio—LingualApproacharebased

In1957,thefounderofChomsky

sees

Structuralism.

in

Transformational—generativegrammar(TG

short)Noam

languageassystemofinnaterules

and

discussesthefundamental

refers

to

to

distinctionbetweencompetence

andperformance.Linguisticcompetence

performance

refers

the

underlyingknowledgeaboutthesystemofrules.And

use

theactual

of

language

in

concrete

situations.Chomskythinksthatlinguistictheoryis

ideal

speaker listeneg

in

concemedprimarilywith

an

completelyhomogeneous

speech-community,whoknowsitslanguageperfectly(Chomsky,1965:3).Chomsky


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