乙二醇装置操作手册
执 笔：徐可敏 审 核：陈忠华
张国甫环氧乙烷/
环氧乙烷/乙二醇装置操作手册
目 录
概 述 ·························································································································· 1 61 单元 ························································································································ 1 62 单元 ······················································································································ 33 B：操作 ······················································································································· 37 63 单元 ······················································································································ 43 64 单元 ······················································································································ 51 65 单元 ······················································································································ 77 66 单元 ······················································································································ 81 67 单元 ······················································································································ 87 68 单元 ····················································································································· 100 69 单元 ····················································································································· 114 70 单元 ····················································································································· 129 74 单元 ····················································································································· 133 81 单元 ····················································································································· 140 82 单元 ····················································································································· 146 83 单元 ····················································································································· 150 检查纪录 ····················································································································· 155 操作指南 ····················································································································· 157 催化剂装填 ·················································································································· 175 维 护 ························································································································ 181
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概述
概 述
陶氏化学公司为镇海炼化公司EO/EG装置提供的工艺设计包将推动实施装置的详细设计，保证装置达到高物料效率、有吸引力的能效、较高的产品质量、极低的污水排放。在催化剂的整个生命周期过程中，装置反应器可生产506.3 kTA环氧乙烷并全部消耗用于生产乙二醇。装置的纯环氧乙烷生产能力可达到100 kTA。装置操作安全、可靠。
本操作手册包括有关开车、正常操作、停车和紧急工况等的说明和程序，镇海炼化可据此编写环氧乙烷/乙二醇装置详细的操作程序。装置根据工艺操作的逻辑区分划分成不同的部分。本手册对每一部分都提供了有关工艺、设备和仪表的说明以及各部分的特定安全注意事项和操作程序。本手册还包括一些针对整个装置的程序和信息。
装置一般安全注意事项
乙二醇装置在一定的温度和压力极限范围内处理高温、反应、易燃或有毒化学物质方面与其他化学加工装置非常相似。编写和执行安全规定及程序可保证人身和设备安全。这种程序一般包括但不限于火灾和蒸汽预防、人身保护性设备规范、设备维护程序。
除化工厂内已有的安全注意事项，乙二醇工艺还有一些特殊的注意事项，包括防止反应系统形成易燃氧气/燃料混合物、乙烯/氧气混合物自燃、浓环氧乙烷分解以及乙二醇蒸馏塔内乙二醇/碱混合物分解。这些安全注意事项在操作手册相关区域的操作部分进行了详细讨论。
本工艺设计包中规定的很多设计特性都是为了减少其中危害发生的可能性。防止这些危害发生最有效的方法是知识渊博、训练有素的操作和技术人员。应当培训员工使他们了解可能导致这种危害情况发生的各种条件、懂得对这种条件应当采取的纠正措施。作为补充保护手段，紧急停车系统(ESS)的配备是为了在人工动作未纠正潜在的不安全条件时，自动将各个系统切换到一种安全状态。各种具体的ESS系统在本手册的相应章节进行了详细说明。对本装置技术和操作人员任何严格的要求都不为过。
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