2n?3 (2)原式=limarctann?? 解(1)原式=limn??n??21515?1?2nn3?(3)
n2??n?n?1?n22?22n?nn2?n????n2?2n22?n?2???n?n2?n2?n?2n2?n22?1??n2?2n22?22?2???n?n2?n22?n2?2?n?n?1?2 22n?1n2?n?1??n2?2n2?1?2???n?n?n?1?2?n?1?2???n?2n2??n2?1?2??n?n?1?n?n?1?n222而lim?1,lim?1 2222n??n??n?nn?1n2????所以,由夹逼定理得,原极限=1
?1?1????2?(4)原式 =limn??11?2(5)原式=limn?1?2
?x?1??3 (x?2)x?2x?22(6)原式=
3(7)原式=limeex2?xx?12x?11x???=limex???x?x?x?122?limex???x?x?x?122?e
1223(8)原式=4
3?ax2?ax2?x2?x?bx?b(a?1)x2?(1?b)x?b?(9)lim??x?b?lim?lim?0 ?x??x???x?1x??x?1x?1??所以a?1,b??1
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x11(10)原式?xlim???x2?1?x?xlim????1?12 x2?1(11)原式?1xlimx???x2?1?x?xlim?????1?1?12
x2?1(12)原式?lim2x???x?1?x?1?0
(13)令t?41?x,则x?0?t?1。
x1?t4?1?t??1?t??1?t2lim?x?01?41?x?limt?11?t?limt?11?t?4 (14)原式?lim2(1?x)x?1?x?2?(x?1)??23
(15) 原式?lim?x?3??x?1?x?9(x?3)?x?3??23 (16) 原式?limx?1?2x?1x2?1?lim11x?1x?1?2 4(1)2
(2)0(有界量乘以无穷小量)
(3)原式=limsin11x??xx?1
(4)原式=limtanxx?0x?limsinxx?0x?1?1?0 sinx(1?1)(5)原式=limcosxsinx1?cosx1x?0x3?limx?0x?x2?cosx?1?12?1?12(6)原式=23
1(7)原式=limlnlimln(1?2x)lim?2xsinx?1?2x?0xx?0e?ex?0sinx?ex??e?2
(8)原式=lim1?x?1sinxxx?limx?0x=12?1?3?02 (9)原式=lim2x?3x2x?0x?2 51
(10)原式=lim?cosx?x?01cosx?1=
lim?1?cosx?1?x?02ln(1?x)x?0xlim1cosx?1=
e
(11)原式=limex?02ln?[1?ln(1?x)]?x?e?e2
1x?x?1????1????9lim?1???(12)原式=lim9(???1)?x????x??????3????3?2x1xx???9,此题也可用夹逼准则做。 ??1?12?12?x?(1?cosx)122(13)原式=lim222?lim?4??
x?0x?08x?xxe???,lime?0,左右极限不等。 5.(1)极限不存在。因为lim??x?0x?01x1x(2)极限存在。因为limx?0x1?e1xx?=lim?x?011?e1x?0?0?0,lim?x?0x1?e1x?0?0 1?0所以原式=0
ex?11?e?xex?10?1?lim?1,limx???1。 (3)极限不存在。因为limxx???e?1x???1?e?xx???e?10?1(4)极限存在,且原式=limx?2sinx?0(无穷小量乘以有界量)
x??3x2?x?11(5) 极限存在,且原式=0。因为limsin?0,cosx有界(无穷小量乘以有界量)。
x??xx?0(6)limxsin??2x??2x?x?0故由无穷小量乘以有界量可=0(因为?1sin??2?1?有界,lim2x?0?x??x?得结论)
(7)极限不存在。这是因为
11112,1?x2?lim?1?1lim1?x?lim??1??1,左右极限存22x???xx???x???x???xxxlim在但不相等。
arctan(8)极限不存在。因为lim?x?11?1??,limarctan??,左右极限存在但?x?1x?12x?12不等。
(9)极限不存在。因为存在两个数列xn?1,yn?n?1n???,使得
2???f(xn)?n?sinn??0?0, f(yn)?(n??)sin(n??)?n?????
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?2x?1??3,lim?f(x)?lim??x?2??3,所以极限limf(x)=3 f(x)?lim(10)lim??x?1x?1x?1x?1x?126. 由题设可得limx?bx?c?0,所以1?b?c?0,所以c??(1?b),将
x?1??x2?bx?c?5, c??(1?b)代入limx?11?x?x?1??x?b?1???(2?b)?5 x2?bx?cx2?bx?1?b?lim?lim得limx?1x?1x?11?x1?x1?x所以b??7,代入c??(1?b)得c?6。 7
?x2x2?ax?ax2?b?bx1?a?x2??b?a?x?b?ax?b)?lim?lim?1 因lim(x??1?xx??x??1?x1?x所以??1?a?0,所以a?1,b?2
?b?a?12?12?11x1x8 因为limf(x)?lim??x?0x?0?1,limf(x)?lim??x?0x?02?12?11x1x??1,所以极限limf(x)x?0不存在,故此函数在x?0处不连续。 9 先求函数表达式。
1?x2n2n2n???2,limlim(1?x)?0,lim1?xx?x) ?0,当x?1时,f(x)?limx(因
n??n??n??n??1?x2n当x?1时,因limxn??2n?limxn????n21?x2n?x ?0,故f(x)?limxn??1?x2n11?x2n当x?1时,因lim2n?0,故f(x)?limxn??xn??1?x2n1?12n?limxx??x n??1?1x2n?x,x?1?所以f(x)??0,x?1
???x,x?1显然f(x)在区间???,?1?,?1,???,??1,1?内连续; 在x??1处,lim?f(x)?lim?x??1?f(?1)?0,
x??1x??1f(x)?lim?x??1?f(1)?0 在x?1处lim??x?1x?1 53
所以函数在x??1处及x?1处不连续。综上可得:
函数在x??1处不连续,连续区间为???,?1?,?1,???,??1,1?。 10 由题设知limf(x)?f(0)?a
x?0而limf(x)?lim??x?0x?0ln(1?2x)1?x?1?x?lim2x1?x?1?x?2
x?02x??x?0limf(x)?limx2?b?b ??x?0??所以a?b?2
11 (1)在x?0及x?1处,函数无定义,所以这两个点为函数的间断点。在除此两点外的区间上函数连续。
e3x?13x因lim?lim??3,所以x?0为可去间断点。 x?0x?x?1?x?0x?x?1?e3x?1因lim??,所以x?1为无穷间断点。 x?1x?x?1?(2)在x?0处函数无定义,且limf(x)?limxsinx?0x?01?0(无穷小量乘以有界量) x所以x?0为可去间断点。 (3)f(x)?lnxx?3x?22?lnx?x?1??x?2?,函数在点x?0,x?1,x?2处无定义,所以
点x?0,x?1,x?2为间断点。
limf(x)??,所以x?0为无穷间断点
x?0limf(x)?limx?2x?2lnx?x?1??x?2?lnx??,所以x?2为无穷间断点;
11lnx1x?1limf(x)?lim?lim???1?limlnx??limln?1?x?1?x?1??1lne??1x?1x?1?x?1??x?2?x?1x?1x?2x?1x?1所以x?1为可去间断点。
f(x)?limlnx???,所以点x?0为无穷间断点。 (4)lim??x?0x?012 设函数f(x)?x?sinx?2,则此函数在???,???上连续。f(0)??2,
f(3)?3?sin3?2?1?sin3?0,故由零值定理知,此函数在区间?0,3?内至少有一个零
点,所以方程x?sinx?2至少有一个不超过3的实根。
13 因limf(x)?A(常数),所以对于任意给定的正数?,存在X?0,当x?X时,
x???54
f(x)?A??,故当x??X,???时,有f(x)?f(x)?A?A?f(x)?A?A???A。
即函数f(x)在区间?X,???有界;而在区间[a,X]上,函数f(x)连续,所以在该区间上函数f(x)有界。所以函数在[a,X]??X,???有界,即在[a,??)有界。 14 由题设知:limln(1?f(x)x?0sin2x)?0,所以limf(x)x?0sin2x?0,
ln(1?f(x))所以limsin2xf(x)1f(xx?03x?1?limx?0sin2x?xln3?ln3lim)x?02x2?12ln3limf(x)x?0x2?5 所以limf(x)x?0x2?10ln3。
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