解:(Ⅰ)设等比数列?an?的公比为q(q?R),
由a7?a1q6?1,得a1?q?6,从而a4?a1q3?q?3,a5?a1q4?q?2,a6?a1q5?q?1. 因为a4,a5?1,a6成等差数列,所以a4?a6?2(a5?1), 即q?3?q?1?2(q?2?1),q?1(q?2?1)?2(q?2?1).
n?1所以q?12.故a?1qn?1?64??1?n?a1qn?q?6??2??.
64??1??1?n?(Ⅱ)Sa?qn)???1(1?2???????1?n?n?1?q??128?1?1?1????2????128. 2?? 山东理17 设数列?ann?满足a1?3a2?32a3?…?3n?1an?3,a?N*. (Ⅰ)求数列?an?的通项; (Ⅱ)设bn?na,求数列?bn?的前n项和Sn. n(I)a?1an1?3a2?32a3?...3nn?3,
a2n?11?3a2?3a3?...3n?2an?1?3(n?2), 3n?1ann?3?n?13?13(n?2). a1n?3n(n?2). 验证n?1时也满足上式,a1n?3n(n?N*). (II) bn?n?3n,
Sn?1?3?2?32?3?33?...n?3n
3Sn??1?32?2?33?3?34?...n?3n?1
?2S2n?3?3?33?n3?n?n?3 1大毛毛虫★倾情搜集★精品资料 3?3n?1?n?3n?1, ?2Sn?1?3 Sn?
nn?11n?13?3??3?? 244山东文18
设{an}是公比大于1的等比数列,Sn为数列{an}的前n项和.已知S3?7,且a1?3,3a2,a3?4构成等差数列. (1)求数列{an}的等差数列.
(2)令bn?lna3n?1,n?1,2,?,求数列{bn}的前n项和T. ?a1?a2?a解:(1)由已知得:?3?7,??(a1?3)?(a3?4)?2?3a
2. 解得a2?2.
设数列{aq,由a2n}的公比为2?2,可得a1?q,a3?2q. 又S23?7,可知q?2?2q?7, 即2q2?5q?2?0, 解得q1?2,q2?12. 由题意得q?1,?q?2. ?a1?1.
故数列{a1n}的通项为an?2n?. (2)由于bn?lna3n?1,n?1,2,?, 由(1)得an3n?1?23
?bn?ln23n?3nln2 又bn?1?bn?3ln2n ?{bn}是等差数列.
?Tn?b1?b2???bn
大毛毛虫★倾情搜集★精品资料 ?n(b1?bn)2
?n(3ln2?3ln2)2 ?3n(n?1)2ln2. 故T3n(n?1)n?2ln2.
全国2理21 设数列{aan?1n}的首项a1?(0,,1)a3?n?2,n?2,3,4,…. (1)求{an}的通项公式; (2)设bn?an3?2an,证明bn?bn?1,其中n为正整数. 21.解:(1)由a3?an?1n?2,n?2,3,4,…, 整理得 1?a1n??2(1?an?1). 又1?a1?0,所以{1?an}是首项为1?a11,公比为?2的等比数列,得 n?1
a?(1?a??1?n?11)??2??
(2)方法一: 由(1)可知0?a3n?2,故bn?0.
那么,b22n?1?bn ?a2)?a2n?1(3?2an?1n(3?2an)2 ???3?an?3?a?2?????3?2?n?2???a2n(3?2an) ?9an4(an?1)2. 又由(1)知a?0且a2?b2nn?1,故bn?1n?0,
因此 bn?bn?1,n为正整数.
方法二: 大毛毛虫★倾情搜集★精品资料 由(1)可知0?a3n?2,an?1, 因为a3?ann?1?2, 所以
bn?1?an?13?2a?(3?an)ann?12. 由a?1可得a?3?a3n?nn(3?2an)???2??,
2即 a2?3?an?n(3?2an)???2???an
两边开平方得 a3?ann3?2an?2?an. 即 bn?bn?1,n为正整数. 全国2文17 设等比数列{an}的公比q?1,前n项和为Sn.已知a3?2,S4?5S2,求{an}的通项公式. 解:由题设知aa1(1?qn)1?0,Sn?1?q, ?则?a21q?2,?a(1?q2)?a?q4)?5?11(1.?1?q1?q ② 由②得1?q4?5(1?q2),(q2?4)(q2?1)?0,(q?2)(q?2)(q?1)(q?1)?0, 因为q?1,解得q??1或q??2.
当q??1时,代入①得a1?2,通项公式an?2?(?1)n?1; 当q??2时,代入①得a1?12,通项公式a1n?2?(?2)n?1. 全国1理22 已知数列?an?中a1?2,an?1?(2?1)(an?2),n?1,2,3,…. (Ⅰ)求?an?的通项公式; (Ⅱ)若数列?b?4n?中b1?2,bn?1?3bn2b,n?1,2,3,…, n?3大毛毛虫★倾情搜集★精品资料 证明:2?bn≤a4n?3,n?1,2,3,…. 解:(Ⅰ)由题设:
an?1?(2?1)(an?2) ?(2?1)(an?2)?(2?1)(2?2) ?(2?1)(an?2)?2, an?1?2?(2?1)(an?2).
所以,数列?an?2?是首项为2?2,公比为2?1的等比数列,an?2?2(2?1)n,
即an的通项公式为an?2??(2?1)n?1??,n?1,2,3,…. (Ⅱ)用数学归纳法证明. (ⅰ)当n?1时,因2?2,b1?a1?2,所以
2?b1≤a1,结论成立. (ⅱ)假设当n?k时,结论成立,即2?bk≤a4k?3, 也即0?bk?2≤a4k?3?3. 当n?k?1时, bk?1?2?3bk?42b?2 k?3?(3?22)bk?(4?32)2b
k?3?(3?22)(bk?2)2b?0, k?3又12b3?122?3?3?22, k?所以 b(3?2b2k?)()k?1?2?2bk?3 2?(3?22)2(bk?2) ≤(2?1)4(a4k?3?2) ?a4k?1?2. 大毛毛虫★倾情搜集★精品资料