an?1an?2an?2bn?1??q,∴ an?2?anq2(n?N*). 解法1:(I)证:由?q,有bnanan?1an(II)证:?an?qn?2q2, ?a2n?1?a2n?3q2???a1q2n?2,a2n?a2n?2q2???a2qn?2, ?cn?a2n?1?2a2n?a1q2n?2?2a2q2n?2?(a1?2a22)q2n??5q2n?2.
??cn?是首项为5,以q2为公比的等比数列. (III)由(II)得112?2na?aq,1?1?2n2n2q2,于是 2n?11aa111?a??????1a?1???1?????1?1???1?? 1a2a2n?1a3a2n?1??a2a4a2n? ?1?111?1?a?1?q2?q4???q2n?2???a?1?12?14???1?2n?2?1?2?qqq?
?3?111?2??1?q2?q1???q2n?2??. 当q?1时,1a?1???1?3??1?111?2?4???2n?2?? 1a2a2n2?qqq
?32n. 当q?1时,11a????1?3??1?11qq???1?2?4q2n?2?? 1a2a2n2?
3?1?q?2n??2??1?q?2??
?3?2?q2n?1??q2n?2(q2?1)??. ??3故12n,a?1???1?? q?1,???2n 1a2a2n???q?1?q2n?2(q2?1)?,q?1.????解法2:(I)同解法1(I). (II)证:
大毛毛虫★倾情搜集★精品资料 cn?1?a2n?1?2a2n?2?q2a2n?1?2q2a2n?q2(n?N*c),又c1?a1?2a2?5, na2n?1?2a2na2n?1?2a2n??cn?是首项为5,以q2为公比的等比数列. (III)由(II)的类似方法得a2n?22n?1?a?22n?(a1?a2)q2n?3q,
1?1a???1?a1?a2?a3?a4???a2n?1?a2na, 12a2na1a2a3a4a2n?1a2n?a2k?1?a2k3q2k?23?2ka??22q4k?4?2q,k?1,2,?,n. 2k?1a2k?1a?1???1?3(1?q?2???q?2n?2). 1a2a2k2下同解法1.
广东理21 已知函数f(x)?x2?x?1,?,?是方程f(x)=0的两个根(???),f'(x)是f(x)的导数;设a1?1,af(an)n?1?an?f'(a)(n=1,2,??) n (1)求?,?的值; (2)证明:对任意的正整数n,都有an>a; (3)记b??n?lnana项和Sn。 n?a(n=1,2,??),求数列{bn}的前n解析:(1)∵f(x)?x2?x?1,?,?是方程f(x)=0的两个根(???), ∴???1?52,???1?52; 21 (2)a15f'(x)?2x?1,an?1?aan?an?1n(2an?1)?n?4(2an?1)?42a?1?an?2
n2an?15=1(2a14n?1)?42a?,∵a1?1,∴有基本不等式可知a5?15?2?n?122?0(当且仅当a11?2时取等号),∴a5?15?12?2?0同,样a3?2,??,a5?1n?2??(n=1,2,??), (3)a(an??)(an??)n?1???an???2a1?an??2a1(an?1??),而?????1,即??1???, n?n?大毛毛虫★倾情搜集★精品资料 (an??)2an?1???2an?1(an??)2,同理an?1???2an?1,bn?1?2bn,又b1?ln1??3?53?5?ln?2ln1??23?5 Sn?2(2n?1)ln3?5 2
广东文20 已知函数f(x)?x2?x?1,?、?是方程f(x)?0的两个根(???),f?(x)是的导数 设af(an)1?1,an?1?an?f?(a,(n?1,2,?). n)(1)求?、?的值; (2)已知对任意的正整数n有aan??n??,记bn?lna?,(n?1,2,?).求数列{bn}的 n?前n项和Sn. (1) 由 x2?x?1?0 得x??1?52 ????1?52 ???1?52 (2) f??x??2x?1 aa2?1a2n?ann?1n?1?an?2a?2a n?1n?1a2n?11?a?5a2??3?5n?1??2an?12n?1?5an?a?1?22n?1??an? 2a?1?5a25?a3?5n?1?n?n?12?2?2 ??a1?5??n???an???22???a1?5?????n?2??an???? ? b又 ba??3?5n?1?2bn 1?ln1a?ln?4l1?n5 1??3?52?数列?b5n?是一个首项为 4ln1?2,公比为2的等比数列; 4ln1?5? Sn?2?1?2n?1?2?4?2n?1?ln1?52 大毛毛虫★倾情搜集★精品资料 福建理21
等差数列{an}的前n项和为Sn,a1?1?2,S3?9?32. (Ⅰ)求数列{an}的通项an与前n项和Sn; (Ⅱ)设bSnn?n(n?N?),求证:数列{bn}中任意不同的三项都不可能成为等比数列. 本小题考查数列的基本知识,考查等差数列的概念、通项公式与前n项和公式,考查等比数列的概念与性质,考查化归的数学思想方法以及推理和运算能力.满分12分 解:(Ⅰ)由已知得???a1?2?1,a,?d?2, ??31?3d?9?32 故an?2n?1?2,Sn?n(n?2). (Ⅱ)由(Ⅰ)得bSnn?n?n?2. 假设数列{b中存在三项bq,r互不相等)成等比数列,则b2n}p,bq,br(p,q?bpbr. 即(q?2)2?(p?2)(r?2).
?(q2?pr)?(2q?p?r)2?0 ?p,q,r?N?, 2 ???q2?pr?0, ??p?r?2q?p?r?0,???2???pr,(p?r)2?0,?p?r. 与p?r矛盾.
所以数列{bn}中任意不同的三项都不可能成等比数列. 福建文21
数列?an?的前n项和为Sn,a1?1,a*n?1?2Sn(n?N). (Ⅰ)求数列?an?的通项an; (Ⅱ)求数列?nan?的前n项和Tn.
本小题考查数列的基本知识,考查等比数列的概念、通项公式及数列的求和,考查分类讨论及化归的数学思想方法,以及推理和运算能力.满分12分. 解:(Ⅰ)?an?1?2Sn,
?Sn?1?Sn?2Sn,
大毛毛虫★倾情搜集★精品资料 ?Sn?1S?3. n又?S1?a1?1,
?数列?Sn?是首项为1,公比为3的等比数列,Sn?1n?3(n?N*). 当n≥2时,an?2Sn?1?2?3n?2(n≥2), ?a???1, n?1,n???3n?2,n≥2. (Ⅱ)Tn?a1?2a2?3a3???nan, 当n?1时,T1?1;
当n≥2时,Tn?1?4?30?6?31???2n?3n?2,????①
3T1n?3?4?3?6?32???2n?3n?1,?????????② ①?②得:?2Tn??2?4?2(31?32???3n?2)?2n?3n?1
3(1?3n?2?2?2?)?2n?3n?11?3 ??1?(1?2n)?3n?1.
?Tn?12????n?1?2??3n?1(n≥2). 又?T1?a1?1也满足上式, ?Tn?12????n?1?2??3n?1(n?N*). 北京理15,文科16 数列?an?中,a1?2,an?1?an?cn(c是常数,n?1,2,3,?),且a1,a2,a3成公比不为1的等比数列. (I)求c的值;
(II)求?an?的通项公式.
解:(I)a1?2,a2?2?c,a3?2?3c, 因为a1,a2,a3成等比数列, 所以(2?c)2?2(2?3c), 解得c?0或c?2. 大毛毛虫★倾情搜集★精品资料