you should have done, better disappear. When you are invited to the party bring something with you -- beer is usually accepted with pleasure. If you invite a girl or a woman somewhere -- be prepared to pay for her everywhere. If you invited a man, he’ll pay for himself, unless you insist. I am deeply moved by Russian people’s respect and passion for their culture. I have many Russian friends who probably only earn 100 dollars each month, but they would save 20 dollars to watch an opera, enjoy ballet or symphony. In Russia, many people believe in life education. It’s common that one person has several diplomas. From here we see the great hopes of Russia.
Q: What do you think of the present Russian economy? Please
draw a general picture of today’s Russia for us. Thank you. A: Former Soviet Union splintered into 15 independent republics in
December 1991. Since then, Russia has struggled in its efforts to build a market economy. During the last 15 years, Russia has undergone an extraordinary transformation. Its army has withdrawn peacefully from Eastern Europe. One of the biggest challenges facing Russia is the conversion of its high-tech military industries to the production of civilian goods. The Defense Ministry has provided 10,000 tanks withdrawn from Europe for civilian use. With the gun turrets removed they are used in heavy-duty oil and gas prospecting, for drilling and towing. All other motorized military vehicles withdrawn from military forces go to the civilian economy. Its centrally planned economy has been reshaped into a capitalist order based on market and private property. Although Russia’s transition has been painful in many ways, the country has made remarkable economic and social progress since the end of 1991. It began the 1990s as a highly distorted and disintegrating centrally planned economy, with severe shortage of consumer goods and a massive military establishment. It ended the decade as normal, middle-income country. Russia’s economy in recent years has been buoyed by high oil prices. Its economy grew 6.9 percent in 2004, and the growth would remain strong in 2005. The Russian economy is finally moving into higher gear. President Vladimir Putin has set a goal of doubling the country’s economy by 2010. A coin always
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has two sides. Treads rarely move in a straight line, especially in Russia. There is no shortage of serious problems facing the Russian people and their leadership. Some economists warn that a drop in oil prices could severely pinch the economy. The country’s economy needs fundamental restructuring away from its independence on high oil prices. They repeatedly call for increased efforts to diversify Russia’s economy. The brain drain is also a problem. Several measures are being considered to stem the flow of computer engineering talent leaving country. Russian statistics show that 25 million Russians, accounting 17.5% of total population, currently live below the poverty line. Corruption and crime are around Russia. Russia’s social mechanism, the condition of its service industry, and the mentality of Russians lag behind us for about 15 years. Anyway, Russian reforms have moved forward, and it promises a huge potential and good prospect. The people of Russia suffered from incredible hardships, and yet the Russian spirit never died out. Russia is a great country. Russian people are a great people. Russia’s tomorrow will turn out fine.
Vocabulary
Siberia and Far East regions 西伯利亚与远东地区 Moscow / St. Petersburg 莫斯科 / 彼得堡 F. Dostoevsky 陀思妥耶夫斯基, 小说家,
代表作Idiot, The White Nights Crime and Punishment Pushikin 普希金, 诗人,
代表作 Eugene Onegin, The Captain’s daughter
Lermontov. 莱蒙托夫 诗人
Anton Chekhov 契柯夫, 小说家，剧作家 Belinsky 别林斯基 文学理论家 Ivan Krylov 柯雷洛夫 寓言家
Ostrovsky 奥斯托洛夫斯基, 剧作家, 代表作Thunderstorm Nekrasov 涅克拉索夫 诗人 Lev Tolstov 作家，代表作War and Peace, Anna Karenina, The Resurrection Nikolai Gogol 小说家, 代表作Dead Soul ballet or symphony 芭蕾舞与交响乐
The Evening of Moscow Suburb （歌曲）莫斯科郊外的晚上
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Consecutive interpretation: English to Chinese *
In this part you will hear a speech in English delivered by the head of the London School of Economics and Political Science in his welcome speech to the students from China who have just arrived in London. Please interpret this speech into Chinese.
Now Let’s begin.
(// 停顿符号)
(TONE ) // (TONE )
Ladies and Gentlemen:
I extend a cordial welcome to you to one of the world’s most famous schools of higher learning. This is the first time we welcome a group of students from the People’s Republic of China, and we are pleased to have the opportunity of receiving you and learning from you about your great country. (tone)//(tone)
You have chosen to study at the London School of Economics and Political Science, which is one of the colleges of London University. I think you have made the right choice because L.S.E. is a world-renowned college that has produced many outstanding personalities both in Britain and abroad. Whatever your course, I’m sure you’ll learn to make the most of student life in your college, in the school, in the University or in the capital as a whole. (tone)//(tone)
As a student in London you have all possible advantages in furthering not only your academic career but also your education in life. You will come to realize that your studies themselves are only part of the educational process, your personal relationships, social consciousness and political philosophy will all mature during your time at the University. (tone)//(tone) 38
We are organizing a Fresher’s Festival at the beginning of October which you are all invited to attend. Do come and enjoy yourselves -- at the gathering you will find that there are a lot of interesting activities going on at the school. There is even a Chinese Society by the way, and you will make some new friends there.
I do hope that you all settle in well in school and enjoy your life in London. Thank you. (tone)//(tone)
女士们，先生们：
欢迎来到我们这所世界上久负盛名的高等学校。这是我们第一次欢迎来自中国的学生。很高兴有机会在这里迎接大家并通过你们更多地了解你们伟大的国家。
伦敦大学经济政治科学学院是伦敦大学的一所分院，来这里学习，这是一个明智的选择。伦敦经济政治科学学院世界闻名，造就了许多杰出人才，遍布英国和世界各地。不论你们学什么，我相信，你们在学院、大学乃至整个伦敦的学习生活中都会取得最大收获。
在伦敦学习，你们拥有各种优势，不仅可以在学业上进一步深造，还将在生活中进一步学习。你们会发现，学业本身只是整个受教育过程的一部分。在大学学习期间，你们会在人际关系、社会觉悟和思想水平上逐渐成熟起来。
十月初，我们将举办一个新生节，欢迎大家都来参加，请你们一定来并祝大家玩得尽兴。在聚会上你们会发现学校里有很多有意思的活动。对了，这里还有一个华人社团，你们可以交到新朋友。
希望你们尽快适应学校的生活，享受在伦敦的生活。谢谢大家。
Consecutive interpretation: English to Chinese **
In this part you are going to hear part of a discussion in English conducted by Dr. Hannah Lee, a climate change biologist at Conservation international. In the following speech, she is speaking to a gathering
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at Hampshire High School about global warming. Please interpret this speech into Chinese. Let’s begin. (TONE)
Hannah: Welcome to this discussion. My co-authors and I are pleased that our research findings on climate changes have attracted so much attention. We feel that this is a very serious problem and I’m happy to answer any questions. (tone)//(tone) Let me begin by emphasizing that all species depend on a suitable climate for their survival. When climate changes, species will have to move to find their preferred climate. In our study, we used computer models to estimate how far species would have to move and whether their ranges would get larger or smaller as climate changes. In general, we found that most species will have smaller ranges in a warmer climate and this makes them more vulnerable to extinction. (tone)//(tone)
Participant: How can the world’s scientific community present a unified message go the general public to empower them to demand appropriate legislative changes? Here at Hampshire High School we are skeptical that government will only respond to the wishes of industry lobbyists! (tone)//(tone)
Hannah: The role of the scientific community is to provide the data. What policy makers do with the data is a matter of public debate. In this case, the extinction numbers are very alarming to many people. Two solutions are required: (1)limiting global greenhouse gas concentrations, and (2) improving our conservation strategies such as parks. (tone)//(tone)
Participant: What possible silver linings might there be behind this gray cloud of global warming? I would like to tell my students that some good may come from a warming earth. (tone)//(tone)
Hannah: A very important message here is that these extinctions are not inevitable. There are very real tools at our disposal for dealing with this issue. While much of the climate change up to 2050is now very hard to avoid, we can limit the damage beyond 2050 by reducing global greenhouse gas concentrations. For the damage that we’re facing due to climate change up to 2050, by increasing our conservation efforts 40