Please give it back tomorrow,请明天把它归还。 I'm sure she won’t give up learning English．
我确信她是不会放弃学英语的。
He was angry and went away without a word． 他很生气，一句话不说就走了。 I t}link everything is going on all right． 我想一切进行得不错。
Let’s go over the lesson／new words again． 咱们把课文／生词再复习一遍吧。 Hold On a minute，please．请等一会儿(别挂电话)。 Keep your hands off the exhibits．勿用手摸展品。
They kept Ol3 till the WOrk was finished． 他们继续干，直到把工作做完。
He looked back and saw that his father was standing there． 他回过头来，看见他父亲站在那儿。
Look out!The pan is on fire．小心!锅着火了。
He is looking over the hank’s book．他在查对银行的账目。 Nine people make up the committee．
9个人组成这个委员会。
We couldn’t make up our minds what tO do next． 我们决定不了下一步该怎么办。 Be careful!Don’t spill water over my exercise book． 小心!别将水泼在我的练习本上。
Man-made satellites have been sent up into the space by many countries． 一
许多国家已将人造卫星发射进入太空。
They set off at six and hoped tO get there before dark S8
他们6点出发，希望天黑以前能到达那里。
The windows must be shut down when you leave． 你离开时必须关好窗户。 who has taken away my dictionary?谁把我的字典拿走了? He came in and took off his wet coat and shoes．
他走进来，脱掉湿衣服和鞋子。
He was always asking questions and trying out new ideas． 他总是问问题并尝试新的想法。
Could you tum your radio down。please? 你能把收音机声音调小一点吗? He turned off the light and went out． 他把灯关上，走了出去。
He tuFried over a pa鼬or tw0，but was not interested． 他翻看了一两页，但不感兴趣。
She usually wakes up early．她总是很早就醒来。 The boy was washed away by the flood．
那男孩被洪水冲走了。
They have worked out a plan for the holidav． 他们制订了度假计划。 簟在使用‘‘动词+介词’’和“动词+副词”构成的 短语时，要注意下面两点：
(1)有时一个短语可以是“动词+介词”短语，也可以是“动词+副词”短语。一般来说，“动词+介词”构成的短语后需接名词或代词，构成介词短语，作状语；“动词+副词”构成
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的短语后不接名词或代词。试比较：
rHe goes by my house every day．
J他每天从我的房子旁走过。(动介短语)
i He stood there and watch the traffiC go by． 【他站在那几，观看来往的车辆。(动副短语) r I don’t know bow you look Ol3 this matter． I我不知道你对这事怎么看。(动介短语) }I'm not playin9；I'm just looking Oft 【我不玩，我只是看看。(动副短语)
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(2)动介短语和动副短语都可作及物动词，因为介词与副词同形，这两类短语往往容易混淆。它们的主要区别是：动介短语不能分开，后面直接接宾语；动副短语中的动词与副词既可以紧接在一起后接宾语，也可以分开，宾语插在动词与副词之间。试比较： He is looking for somethin9． 他在找东西。(动介短语，不可分开)
They are working out a teaching plan(=working a teaching plan out)．他们正在制订教学计划。(动副短语) We made for home together．
我们一起往家走去。(动介短语)
He asked US to rT日ke up a dialogue(一to make a dialogue up)． 他让我们编一段对话。(动副短语)
—ll_■要特别注意，动副短语接人称代词作宾语
时，人称代词必须放在动词和副词之间。 误：You can rum off it if you like． 正：You canturn it offif youlike． 如果你喜欢可以把它关掉。 误：l want to look up them sometimes．
正：l want to look them up sometimes． 我想在某个时候去找找他们。
6．动词+副词+介词
—l■由“动词+副词+介词”构成的短语是个整体，一般是不可分开的，后面接名词或代词。常用的动副介短语有：
add up to(加起来是；总括起来意味着) break up into(分解；分成)
catch up with(赶上；超过) come up to(赶上；达到) come up with[找到；提出(答案、解决办法)]
do away with(结束；去掉) get away from(摆脱；避免) get down to sth．(开始认真做某事) 砷
go backto(回到；追溯到) go on with(继续做某事) go upto[到(较高处)去；上??去]
keep out of(置于??之外；不卷入) look down on／upon(看不起；轻视) look forward to(盼望；期望)
make upfor(弥补) put upwith(忍受) run out of(用完；用光)
rush out of(冲出??外；从??奔跑出来) speak highly／well of(赞扬；称赞) think highly／well of(对??高度评价／印象很好) walk away with(顺手拿走某物)
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例如： They broke up into small groups．他们分成若干小组。 He began to catch up with Jim_他开始赶上吉姆了。 One day the librarian∞rrB up with an idea． 有一天图书管理员想出了一个办法。
We must do away with all such shortcomings． 我们必须克服所有这些缺点。 Mother went on cookin9；1 went On with my homework． 妈妈继续做饭，我继续做家庭作业。
We must make up for the lost time somehow． 我们必须以某种方式把损失的时间弥补回来。 1’m afraid we’ll have to Dut up with the lOSS． 恐怕我们只好承受这个损失了。
The students rust眦l out of the classroom as soon as they
heard the bell．学生们一听到铃声就从教室里冲了出来。
His teacher，Mr Fen9，spoke highly／well of his students． 他的老师冯先生高度赞扬了他的学生们。
We think highly／well of their research in this field． 我们对他们在这方面的研究评价很高。
And then he walked away with the book． 然后，他顺手拿走了那本书。 61
7．动词+名词+介词
ll■动名介短语分为两类：
(1)一类动名介短语是个整体，相当于一个及物动词，后接宾语。短语中的名词为固定搭配，一般不可换成其他名词。例如：
He takes 0．盈re of his books．他爱护自己的书。 You should pay attention to these details．
你应该注意这些细节。
(2)另一类动名介短语是一种松散结构，短语中的介词与名词构成介词短语，作状语或宾语补足语。这类动名介短语中的名词是不固定的，可以用另一名词替换。例如： They compare the little girl to a flower． 他们把那小女孩比作鲜花。
He spends a lot of money 013 books every month． 他每个月花很多钱买书。 现按字母顺序把初中课本中常用的这两类短语排列如下： ask?for(向??要；请求给予)
brin9?to an end／a close(结束，停止)
brin9?to life(使??复活；给??以活力) brin9?with(随身带??) buy?on line(在网上购物)
carry?out of(把??抬出来) change?with(与??交换) compare?to(把??比作) compare?with(把??和??进行比较)
congratulate sb．on sth．(祝贺某人某事) do harm to sb．／sth．(损害某人／某物) do good to(时??有好处) dress?as(把??打扮成)
give birth to[生(孩子)；生产]
have difficulty in(在??方面有困难) have a word with(与??谈一谈) help sb．with sth．(帮助某人做某事) 62
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help oneself to[为自己取(食品、饮料等)] keep?from(阻止??做某事)
make a contribution to(为??做贡献；发挥作用) make friends with(与??交朋友)
make fun of(和??开玩笑)
make one’s way to(往??走去) make room for(为??腾出地方) make use of(利用??)
pay attention to(注意)
play a trick／joke on sb．(开某人的玩笑)
prevent?from doing sth．(阻止做某事；妨碍) put an end to(结束)
put?into(把??放进) regard?as(把??视为) say 900dbye to(与某人告别)
set fire to(放火烧；使燃烧)
spend?on[在??方面花(钱／时间)]
stop?from doing sth．(阻止??做某事}阻碍) take care of(照顾；负责) take part in(参加)
take sb．by the hand(拉某人的手) take the plaee of(取代；代替) throw?into(把??投／抛进??中) throw?to(向??投／掷) translate?into(把??译成；把??变为)
例如：
You can ask the doctor for some medicine． 你可以向医生要些药。
He decided to buy fl digital camera online． 他决定在网上订购一个数码相机。 We all congratulate you on your good perforlTlance, 我们都祝贺你出色的表演。
What things can do harm to the environment7 什么东西会破坏环境呢? 63
She dressed herself as／like fl nurse． 她将自己打扮成护士。 That day l went home early tO help my mother with the cook—
in9．那天我早早回家帮助妈妈做饭。
HeIp yourself to some fish请吃点鱼吧。
Forests help tO keep water from running away． 森林帮助阻止水分流失。 They have made a contribution to public safety． 他们为公共安全作出了贡献。 The child has made friends with the d09． 那孩子已和狗建立了友情。 They both made their way to forests．他俩向森林走去。 Please make r(xx'fl for me,请给我腾出一点地方。
We should make good崦e of our spare time． 我们应该充分利用空余时间。 f He also likes tO play jokes／a joke 011 his friends．
他也很喜欢跟朋友们开玩笑。
No one can prevent the plan frOm being carried Out． 谁也不能阻止这个计划的实现。
They惮rded their pets as members of their families． 他们把他们的宠物视为家庭成员。
He spent much time On his homework． 他在家庭作业上花了很多时间。
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We gave her the chance tO take part in designing the new items．我们给她机会参加设计新的项目。
Please throw it into the dustbin．请把它丢进垃圾箱里。 8．动词+名词 Il-有些动词，特别是一些活跃动词，如d。，haVe， give，keep，make等，常与一些名词构成短语，表示与这一名词有关的动作或状态；此外还有些动词与名词搭配，构成固定短语。这类短语常见的有：
do a good deed／thin9／action／turn(做件好事) do business(做生意) 64
do damage(损害)
do one’S job(执行公务)
d0／try one’S best(尽最大努力)
do sb．a favour／kindness(给某人以恩惠；帮某人的忙) do wrong(做错) enjoy oneself(玩得痛快；过得快活)
find one’S way(设法到达某处；努力达到) give a concert(举办演唱会)
give one’S life(献出自己的生命) have fl look／seat(看一看／请坐) have a good time(玩得痛快)
have fun(玩得痛快；过得快活) have no idea(不知道；不了解) have nothing tO do with(与??无关)
keep a diary(i5日记；写日记) keep one’s promise(遵守诺言) lay eggs(下蛋)
leave a message(留口信) lose heart(灰心) lose one’s life(丧生)
make a decision(作出决定) make fl mistake(犯错误)
make a face／faces(做鬼脸) make it(成功；约定时间) make money(挣钱) make the bed(铺床)
make progress(取得进步) paythe bill(付费用；付账) play a game／games(做游戏) save one’S life(挽救某人的生命)
set one’S mind tO do sth(--心想做某事) stay the night(过夜) take a seat／a look／a bath，etc．(请坐／看一看／洗个澡等) take care(注意；当心) 65
take one’S place(就座；代替某人的位置) take place(发生) take photos(照相)
teach oneself(自学；自修) tell fl lie／lies(撒谎) write fl diary(写日记) 例如：
I'm on duty today．I must do my joh 我今天值日，我应尽我的职责。 They did their best tO help me．他们尽力帮助我。
They enjoyed themselves／had a good time／had fun at the party．他们在晚会上玩得很开心一
They are going tO give a concert in Kunming tonight． 他们打算今天晚上在昆明举行一场演唱会。
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电话：0351—6378335
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